Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Ferrero.
An overview of the literature indicates that violence in psychiatry is caused by a minority of patients. Despite the lack of precise definition, between 3 and 10% of patients shows an assaultive behaviour, at least once during the hospitalisation, but, fortunately, injuries are exceptional. The authors present some results of a research project evaluating the frequency and the cost of violence.
The authors report their clinical experience of 15 cases of femoro-popliteal by-pass with PTFE; all patients underwent postoperative anti-platelet therapy, in 8 cases with ASA and dipyridamole, in 7 with indobufene in accordance with a double blind randomized work. The Authors report the results of a one year follow-up. They deal with patency duration results and tolerance of pharmacological treatment.
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A study of 36 French-speaking families in Geneva identified 66% of high-EE household. At nine-month follow-up, the relapse rate for the high-EE group (33%) was significantly higher than for the low-EE group (0%). These results seem to confirm the relevance of EE as predictor of relapse. However, in our sample, it appears that one component of EE, critical comments, was principally responsible for the prognostic validity.
The Authors report their fifteen years experience, point out the clinical features of inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms and examine the different pathogenetic theories.
Indications for a unilateral or bilateral axillofemoral and femorofemoral bypass, are presented. Our experience in 48 patients with axillofemoral and femorofemoral form the basis of this report. Indications for these extended bypasses included suppurative growing infection and obliterated common and profunda femoris arteries. These procedures were rapidly performed in critically ill patients. One patient died of recurrent artoduodenal hemorrhage three days following successful axillofemoral bypass. The other patients enjoyed patent grafts for variable periods, although some of them successfully underwent a declotting procedure.
Fifty patients with 65 popliteal aneurysms underwent reconstructive procedures (mean age 64). Atherosclerosis is almost the exclusive cause of popliteal aneurysms. Most of the cases showed an acute ischemia, while he others were asymptomatic or presented a complication of venous occlusion or neural compression. Numerous cases were found incidentally at amputations (these were not included). The best operational method is ligation of the aneurysm sometimes with partial resection and autologous venous graft bypass. The immediate results were excellent in all cases, loss of limb was observed in only three.
The author investigates the evolution of relationships between epidemiology and diagnostic classifications. The scope of neurotic disorders is considerably broader than the scope of anxiety disorders in the DSM IIIR, despite the introduction of new concepts such as panic disorder. Epidemiological studies require today diagnostic instruments based on structured interviews. They provide more homogeneous groups of patients. The recognition of the importance of the anxiety disorder's prevalence is a prerequisite for improving both therapeutic and prophylactic interventions.
This paper reviews some of the important studies on the genetic aspects of anxiety, based on clinical, family and twin studies. Well-known methodological difficulties characteristic of earlier studies are at this time partly resolved. Researchers use specific criteria for defining subcategories of anxiety disorders. These are being applied in large epidemiological family studies and national twin registers. The part played by genetic or environmental factors varies greatly according to diagnostic sub-category. A genetic influence seems important for panic disorders and agoraphobia, but not for generalized anxiety disorder. A validation of these sub-categories could be obtained from discoveries of molecular genetics.
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The present report is based on a review of literature and shows that violence is a rare manifestation, which results from the intrications of numerous factors and which is difficult to predict even in the short term. Preventive work should be based on the knowledge of some personal as well as relational risk factors.
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