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Biomedical subjects

F Denis

Publications and source records attributed to F Denis.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immune response in neonates to hepatitis B vaccine.

Three injections of alum hepatitis B vaccine (HB vaccine) were given to 26 Senegalese infants, the first when they were less than 1 month old, and the second and third after 1-month intervals. 94.7% of the neonates whose serum was negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies against the surface antigen (anti-HBs) showed a specific anti-HBs response. Anti-HBs titres in the neonates were similar to those previously obtained in Senegalese children aged aged 1-24 months. HB vaccine was without sid-effects and was immunogenic in the neonates, irrespective of the hepatitis-B-marker status of the mothers or the children.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

[Bacteriological, pharmacological and clinical comparison between amoxycillin and ceftriaxone in the treatment of 300 purulent meningitis ].

Two series of patients suffering purulent meningitis were treated: one (137 patients) with amoxycillin (200 mg/kg/day) by 4 intramuscular injections each day, the other with ceftriaxone (163 patients)/42 mg/Kg/day IM by intramuscular injections each day in the first 23 patients and then only one injection by day in the 140 other patients. Bacteriologically the superiority of CFTRX appears the whole studied strains: MIC of CFTRX are four times lower than those of AMOX for pneumococci, ten times lower for H. influenzae, hundred time lower for meningococci. Amongst the add strains the percentage of resistance to AMOX reaches 64 and only 7 to CFTRX. Pharmacologically, after a same dose of 50mg/kg the peak concentrations in CSF has the same level: CFTRX: 6.8 micrograms/ml, AMOX: 6 micrograms/ml. CSF levels remain efficient for 2 hours with AMOX and for 24 hours with CFTRX. The therapeutic index (mean antibiotic concentration in CSF/mean MIC of the strains) is higher with CFTRX than with AMOX (X 4 for pneumococci, X 15 for H. influenzae, X 100 for meningococci). Clinical results are better with CFTRX than with AMOX in each of the aetiological groups except meningococcal meningitis but the only significative difference concerns pneumococcal meningitis. Clinical tolerance of the two treatments was good. However 2 neonates treated with CFTRX has a severe eczematous erythrodermia and 8 other patients treated with CFTRX had diarrhoea due to elimination of the sensitive flora.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1981

[The latex agglutination test for the diagnosis of meningococcal A and C, pneumococcal and H. influenzae b meningitis. A study of 920 purulent cerebrospinal fluids (author's transl)].

The cerebrospinal fluids of 920 Senegalese patients with purulent meningitis wee examined by latex particle agglutination (LA) and the results were compared with those of conventional bacteriology and of counter immuno electro phoresis (C.I.E.). For all three organisms taken globally, CSF culture was positive in 72.7% of the patients, the LA test in 78.8% and the C.I.E. test in 89.0%. The LA test was positive in 17.9% of subjects with negative CSF culture. When the results wee analysed for each organism separately, the LA test was positive in 69.3%, 74.7% and 85.9% respectively of patients with meningococcal, pneumococcal and H. influenzae b meningitis. False agglutinations were found in 6.7% of meningitis due to other pathogens. Cross-reactions and autoagglutinations were rare (0.4% and 3.7% respectively). The sensitivity, specificity, simplicity and rapidity of the LA test make it extremely useful for the diagnosis of purulent meningitis, particularly in Africa.

Haemophilus influenzae↗
PubMed1981

Efficacy of hepatitis B vaccine in prevention of early HBsAg carrier state in children. Controlled trial in an endemic area (Senegal).

Three doses of inactivated hepatitis B vaccine were given at one-month intervals to Senegalese children aged less than two years. A control group received diphtheria/tetanus/polio vaccine. Of those HB vaccine recipients who were seronegative before immunisation, 94.5% had a specific anti-HBs response. Anti-HBs of maternal origin did not interfere with the active immunisation. HB vaccine was without ill-effects, irrespective of hepatitis B marker status before immunisation. After twelve months' follow-up, the incidence of the HBsAg carrier state was reduced by 85% in susceptible children (p less than 0.0001).

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of purulent meningitis with a new cephalosporin-Rocephin (Ro 13-9904). Clinical, bacteriological and pharmacological observations in 24 cases.

In 21 of the 24 cases the diagnosis of purulent meningitis was confirmed by culturing the causal agent and/or by immunological diagnosis. The daily dosage of Rocephin ranged between 15 and 200 mg/kg administered in 2 i.m. injections. A cure was achieved in cases of meningococcal meningitis (1 case with sequelae: blindness in one eye), in 5 out of 6 cases of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis (1 case with severe neuropsychiatric sequelae), in 3 out of 9 cases of pneumococcal meningitis and in 2 out of 4 cases of enterobacterial meningitis. The tolerance was generally excellent. Sterilisation of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was achieved in all 20 cases of meningitis confirmed by culture. The MIC levels are lower than the lowest CSF peak for Rocephin found in this study. The unusual pharmacological behavior of Rocephin makes it possible to achieve and to maintain for a long time highly satisfactory concentration levels in the CSF. These properties of Rocephin should lift the long-standing objections to the use of cephalosporins for the treatment of purulent meningitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Repartition of Haemophilus influenzae biotypes responsible of purulent meningitis. (Study of 50 strains) (author's transl)].

The repartition of the Haemophilus influenzae biotypes responsible of meningitis in world were reviewed. In Senegal the vast majority of strains of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from CSF belonged to biotype I (94%), the biotypes II and IV were rarely encountered (respectively 4% and 2%). The biotypes of repartition in Africa is similar to this encountered in other world areas.

Haemophilus influenzae↗