Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Daschner

Publications and source records attributed to F Daschner.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Cephalexin levels in the bronchial secretion of children (author's transl)].

Cephalexin serum levels and its content in bronchial secretions have been studied in six children with pneumonia or chronic bronchitis following a single oral doses of 30 to 50 mug/kg body weight. The cephalexin content in bronchial secretions reached values between 0,47 and 2,3 mug/ml (on average 0,84 mug/ml). The percentage of the cephalexin content in bronchial secretions varied from 4,3 to 133 percent (on average 22,6%) as compared to the corresponding serum levels.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Distribution of amikacin in serum, muscle, and fat in children after a single intramuscular injection.

Amikacin concentrations in serum, muscle, and fat were determined in 41 children after intramuscular administration of 7.5 mg/kg of body weight. At 1.5 h amikacin reached peak concentrations in serum (mean value, 14.9 mug/ml) as well as in muscle (2.2 mug/g) and fat (1.89 mug/g) tissue; from then on all concentrations declined. Amikacin concentrations exceeded 1 mug/g in muscle for at least 3 h and in fat for at least 4 h.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1977

Tobramycin serum levels and tissue content in children.

Tobramycin serum levels as well as muscle and fat tissue content have been determined for 8 h in hourly intervals using an agar diffusion method following a single intramuscular injection of 2.5 mg/kg body weight to 29 children. In addition two specimens of spleen and one testis could be assayed for tobramycin content in these children. Tissue fluid was obtained by use of a Colworth Stomacher Nr.80. At 1 1/2 hours mean peak concentrations in serum were found to be 4.32 microgram/ml, in muscle 0.93 microgram/g and in fat 1.16 microgram/g, from thereon declining to lower values. At 8 h tissue content fell below the smallest detectable amount of 0.01 microgram/g tobramycin. At any time tobramycin content in fat (on average 24% of the corresponding serum level) was significantly higher than in muscle (17% of the serum level), whereas tobramycin content in spleen never exceeded that in muscle as well as in fat. Thus blood supply of the tissue does not seem to the main factor determining tobramycin content in various tissues.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Tetracyclines: bacteriostatic or bactericidal drugs? In vitro studies with rolitetracycline, minocycline and doxycycline (author's transl)].

Minimal bacteriostatic and minimal bactericidal concentrations of rolitetracycline, minocycline and doxycycline on 20 different E. coli serotypes and 16 staphylococcus aureus strains have been compared in bouillon and serum. In addition growth curves of all strains in bouillon and serum without and with antibiotics in concentrations corresponding to the minimal inhibitory concentration of each strain have been followed for 24 hours. In E. coli minimal bactericidal concentrations of all 3 tetracyclines in bouillon on average were only twice as high as the minimal bacteriostatic concentrations of the drugs, tested. Minimal bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations in serum were significantly lower than in bouillon. 27 out of 20 E. coli strains were inhibited by less than 0.012 microgram/ml. In staphylococci minimal bactericidal concentrations were substantially higher than the minimal bacteriostatic concentrations (on average at least four times higher). In E. coli addition of serum increased the antimicrobial activity of all tetracyclines tested. Growth curves in bouillon tended to show some bactericidal shape at 3, 7 and 24 hours following addition of the tetracyclines at minimal bacteriostatic concentrations. Bactericidal activity of tetracyclines at the MIC was substantially improved by addition of serum. This was not true for staphylococci in which neither minimal bactericidal and bacteriostatic concentrations nor growth curves could be significantly improved by addition of serum.

Doxycycline↗
PubMed1977

[Follow up of children treated with antibiotics (author's transl)].

Follow up of children treated with antibiotics should include survey of the patient (clinical response, pharmakokinetics, therapy compliance, side effects), the infecting organism (elimination, change of causative organisms, changes in hospital flora), as well as the host-parasite relationship (changing flora in the patients, incompatibilities, defects of the cellular or humoral defense mechanisms).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Ways to an efficient and practicable hospital hygiene from the point of view of a hospital hygienist (author's transl)].

Hospitalepidemiology means surveillance, prevention andocntrol of nosocomial infections. Trying to succeed he has to search for possiblities which are both practical as well as efficient: 1. The infection control nurse (one for 300 beds), 2. a bacteriological labor is for the epidemiologist, which is able to perform routine control on certain areas in the hospital (kitchen, sterilisation etc.), 3. encironmental examinations if necessary to find sources and for teaching purposes, 4. training of hospital personal in prevention, recognizing nosocomial infections, performing methods of desinfections etc., 5. trying to cooperate with the clinician in chemotherapy (selection of antibiotics, prophylaxis etc.), 6. to develop a programm to collect datas about nosocomial infections by a computer and to analyse those datas afterwards, 7. collaborativ work in a infection control commitee.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Evaluation of diagnostic parameters in chronic recurrent urinary tract infections in children. IV. The isotopic renogram (author's transl)].

The results of isotopic renograms (ING) (n = 73) and renal concentration capacity tests (n = 65) performed at the same time before and during therapy of recurrences have been compared. In 43 children with chronic urinary tract infections. ING done prior to chemotherapy showed pathologic findings in 65% of children with bacteriuria. A significant correlation between normal and pathologic findings of ING and renal concentration capacity tests has been found. Impaired (normal) renal concentration capacity lead to pathologic (normal) ING in 74% of cases. 94% of children with a pathologic ING either had bacteriuria children with pyelonephritis (n = 19) the ING was pathologic, whereas in all children with cystitis (n = 8) it was normal. During therapy the ING became normal before the impaired renal concentration capacity returned to normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Change of pathogeus and pathogen persistence in chronic urinary tract infections in childhood. E. coli-O-serotypes in follow-up].

In 171 children with urinary tract infections, all strains of E. coli O isolated from the urine in the course of two years were serotyped. The serogroups 06, 02, 08 and 01 were predominant. Follow-up examinations revealed a 78% incidence of reinfection, while relapses (= identical E. coli serotypes or pathogen species) only occurred in 22% of all new episodes. Two thirds of all reinfections by E. coli occurred within two months of the previous E. coli infection.

Antigens↗
PubMed1976

[Evaluation of diagnostic parameters in chronic recurrent urinary tract infection in children. III. Pyuria, hematuria, and proteinuria (author's transl)].

Pyuria, proteinuria and haematuria have been shown to be unreliable parameters for the diagnosis of bacteriuria in 171 children with 455 recurrences of chronic urinary tract infection. Bacteriuria caused haematuria in 5%, proteinuria in 18% and even pyuria in only 47% of all instances. Pyuria has been also found in 11% of sterile urines. The incidence of pyuria increases with the age of the children and depends on the type of the organisms, but the latter was true mainly in children with obstructive lesions of the urinary tract. Children with repeated proteinuria during follow-up tend to have a higher incidence of pathologic findings on the i.v.-pyelogram.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Significance of antibody titers in recurrent urinary tract infection in children (author's transl)].

2254 antibody titers have been measured by the indirect hemagglutination method in 84 children with recurrent urinary tract infection using single organisms as homologous or several strains from one species (E. coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas) as polyvalent antigens. Increase of homologous antibody titers within 3 weeks following a significant bacteriuria (65% of all cases) has been found to be a more reliable parameter for diagnosis of infection than leukocyturia or clinical symptoms. Determination of antibody titers is a special diagnostic clue for differentiation of contamination of midstream urine and bacteriuria with less than 10(5) organisms/ml. Cross reactivity between a polyvalent E. coli antigen and homologous E. coli antigens was found in 85% of cases. High or low antibody titer levels do not allow to differentiate between upper or lower urinary tract infection nor are antibody titer levels indicative for kidney involvement and prognosis of the disease.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1976

[Endangering hospital patients to infection by therapeutic measures (author's transl)].

About 5% of all patients fall ill with anosocomial infection, i.e. one acquired in hospital. Among the principal causes of this are therapeutic measures which lead to an increased exposure of patients to organisms (soiled artificial respiration equipment, venous catheters, urinary catheters etc.) and to a raised disposition in the patients due to reduction of endogenous defense (cytostatic therapy, corticoids irradiation, operations etc.). Cross infections are largely transmitted on the hands of doctors and nursing personnel. The detection, prevention and control of hospial infections by specially trained personnel (hospital infection officers, specialist hygiene nurses, hospital hygiene committees) is absolutely necessary and justified for economic reasons alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Evaluation of diagnostic factors in chronic recurrent urinary-tract infections in children. II. Clinical symptoms (author's transl)].

2490 investigations in 171 children with chronic recurrent urinary-tract infections seen in a specialized out-patient unit for an average of 23 months demonstrated that clinical symptoms cannot be used as indicators of pyelitis or cystitis. 43% of recurrences (n=471) were completely asymptomatic. The symptomatology depends on the age of the patient and duration of the disease. Recurrences in the late course of the disease become frequently asymptomatic. Children with predominantly asymptomatic bacteriuria show pathological X-ray findings indicative of renal parenchymatous involvement as frequently as children with predominantly symptomatic recurrences.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis by sulfonamides and trimethoprim.

The hypothesis that defective cell wall synthesis seems to represent a final common pathway of drug-induced injury either within the bacterial cell or on its surface was supported by two different findings: (1) sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, either alone or in combination, induced morphological findings in various Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis strains identical to those found after incubation with so-called cell-wall-active antibiotics (e.g., penicillin) and (2) cell-wall-defective bacteria (L forms, spheroblasts) were resistant to sulfonamides and/or trimethoprim as compared to their normal bacterial cells.

Cell Wall↗