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Biomedical subjects

F Chabolle

Publications and source records attributed to F Chabolle.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Use of X-ray computed tomography in cervical infections].

Infections of face and neck represent serious and potentially life threatening conditions that are sometimes difficult to differentiate from neoplastic tumours, especially in subacute clinical forms. Conventional radiographic techniques offer interest for cervical masses, except Ultra-Sonographic exam, in sites regarding vascular axes, but carries little value for evaluating their spread into the different cervical spaces. On the other hand, C.T. is valuable to precise the location and the extent and to determine its inflammatory nature by studying the fats and the aponeurosis around it. It help in the analysis of associated adjacent signs: soft tissue swelling, extensive obliteration of adjacent fats, swelling of cervical aponeurosis, thickening of adjacent muscles. These findings are documented by the study of fourteen patients, admitted in St-Antoine hospital. All abscesses, except one, were easy to diagnose because of their low central attenuation. False negative cases are possible and noted by other authors. So, in absence of response to appropriate therapy, surgery is necessary to eliminate a misdiagnosed abscess. Furthermore, it's sometimes possible to suspect an etiology (foreign body, tuberculosis).

Abscess↗
PubMed1988

[Cysts of Tornwald's bursa. Apropos of 3 cases].

Thornwald's cyst is a benign bursa formation of the posterior superior wall of the rhinopharynx due to occlusion of the pharyngeal bursa, this entity has been known for more than a century but it is only exceptionally observed. A series of 3 cases have been diagnosed at Hôpital Saint-Antoine over the last 6 months and the perfect visualization of the cysts by CT scan and MR imaging wall no doubt allow their fortuitous detection more frequently.

Cysts↗
PubMed1988

[The monochannel Monomac and multichannel Minimac cochlear implants].

Monomac monochannel and Minimac multichannel cochlear implants bring to the remaining hearing fibers sound information that is previously converted into adequate electric signals. Both function at constant currents. The Monomac monocanal system possesses only one electrode implanted either inside or outside the cochlea and sends off sound of basic laryngeal rythm to all the nervous fibers. The Minimac is entirely numerical and sends off the whole of the sound information by splitting it into 15 frequency tracks, to 15 electrodes inserted within the scala tympani by means of an electrode-holder. Programming allows for selecting specific values from each frequency track and thus regulating the needed compression individually. Both these implants (Monomac and Minimac) work no conflictlessly but complementarily to each other because they answer different, well-defined clinical needs.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1988

[Results and therapeutic indications of the electrical stimulation of the round window in 581 cases of bilateral total deafness].

Round Window Electric Stimulation necessitates to remove the ear drum to directly place the electrode tip in the round window niche. This test supplies the patient with a sound sensation in 93% of cases presenting a total deafness. It may be realized either under local or general anesthesia owing to brain stem evoked auditory responses. This test supplies the surgeon with precious informations regarding the cochlear implant indications.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1988

[Operative indications of total deafness].

Rehabilitation of patients with total hearing loss through surgical implantation of intracochlear devices is warranted only in cases for which deafness is absolutely not relieved by conventional hearing prostheses. Furthermore, it is required that the patient respond positively to the electrostimulation test of the round window, be strongly motivated, as well as present a high index of socialization. These three parameters will also determine the type of implant to be used, i.e. mono- or multielectrode, as well as particular indications relating to children.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1988

[Changes in the speaking fundamental frequency after cochlear implantation].

Speaking fundamental frequency (Fo) changes have been studied in 12 patients suffering from total post-lingual deafness and having been supplied with the multichannel cochlear implant CHORIMAC-12. Fo is significantly lower after implantation. But Fo variance changes depend on the laryngeal associated pathology.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical results of the multielectrode cochlear implant in the rehabilitation of 27 cases of acquired total deafness].

Multi-electrode cochlear implants allow verbal discrimination without lip reading in a manner dependent directly on the liminal threshold value during the preoperative electrical stimulation of round window test, and the quality of socialization and motivation of the patient. Overall auditory performances of 27 patients rehabilitated in this way are reviewed and compared with those obtained by other teams and other apparatuses.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Surgical treatment of chronic snoring. Description and indications].

Chronic rhonchopathy groups all clinical forms of a disease having a common functional sign: snoring. Surgical treatments form part of a therapeutic strategy which includes medical treatment, essentially reduction in body weight, and nocturnal respiratory prosthetic treatments, essentially continuous positive pressure respiration. First intention surgery is an uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPP) with or without tonsillectomy. In the severe forms of chronic rhonchopathy, after failure of UPP, major surgery:protrusion mandibular osteotomy or reduction glossectomy can be associated with the other treatments.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Results of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in sleep apnea syndromes. Apropos of 33 cases].

Thirty-three patients with the sleep apnea syndrome were operated upon by uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and clinical and multiple sleep recording findings compared at follow up after 3 months. No exact correlation was noted between the clinical condition and recordings during sleep. The only predictive criterion for the result of this operation is the preoperative weight, and this procedure is proposed as a routine treatment as long as no better method exists to determine the obstructive site. Therapy of the sleep apnea syndrome is described.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Long-term results and complications of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in snoring without sleep apnea syndrome].

Results and complications were analyzed in 201 patients operated upon by uvulopalatopharyngoplasty for benign or moderately severe rhonchopathy, after elimination of the sleep apnea syndrome as confirmed after follow up for between 15 and 30 months, and showed total recovery from snoring in 60% of cases, an improvement in 26.5% and lack of efficacy in 13.5%. Social and familial relations were improved concomitantly as well as the functional and general disorders usually attributed to snoring (asthenia, somnolence, sleep hypopnea). Various usually minor functional disorders remain, including the sensation of a pharyngeal paresthesia, the most frequent sequela (19.5% of cases).

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1987

Indications for multi- or single-channel cochlear implant for rehabilitation of total deafness.

Only totally deaf patients who do not experience improvement when using classical hearing aids are candidates for a cochlear implant. Preoperative assessment of potential benefits of a cochlear implant may improve selection of patients with pre- or postlingual total deafness, so that the most appropriate system can be implanted. The psychological status of potential candidates for implantation is particularly important because the results of postoperative re-education depends on motivation of the patient. The Round Window electrical stimulation test supplies us with important and measurable data (electrical threshold level, tone decay test). The duration of deafness, the degree of the deafness, and the cochlear tomodensitometry do not affect the decision to implant a cochlear device, (i.e., since the socialization level of the patient is a considerable factor). Preoperative assessment of the patient is very useful. As a result of our experience in 115 implanted cases suffering from pre- and postlingual deafness, we are now able to predict the good or bad results in our patients. Therefore, in patients who have many adverse factors for recovery, it seems to us more reasonable and cheaper to implant a single-channel system instead of a multichannel system, which must be reserved for patients who should do well. In very young children, the most appropriate system seems to be extra cochlear single-channel implant.

Cochlear Implants↗
PubMed1987

[Values and limitations of embolization in cervical paragangliomas. Definition of a new diagnostic strategy. Apropos of 20 cases].

From 1966 to 1986, twenty cervical paragangliomas are treated by the authors: seven vagals and thirteen carotid one's. Seven patients out of these twenty underwent an embolisation during the pre-op arteriography. Studying the results, the authors show how much this embolisation increases the risk of a per-op carotid resection with by-pass, especially for the carotid localization. Dropping the embolisation, gives a chance for a new and, more acute diagnostic strategy, based on computerized tomography and digitalized arteriography. These exams should avoid the per-op discovery of these tumors in more than one half of the cases during an exploratory initial cervicotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The Chorimac 12. A multichannel intracochlear implant for total deafness.

In all of our cases, phonetic discrimination has been obtained without the help of lip-reading. Speech intelligibility is generally better in postlingual deafness that in prelingual deafness. We believe this method, despite the size of the external transmitter, is best for rehabilitation of totally deaf patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Chronic rhonchopathy or snoring. Clinical aspects and therapeutic indications].

Results of several surveys of variable complexity have provided confirmation that snoring is not only an overall sleep preventer but is mainly an unrecognized asphyxia. Comparison of groups of snorers and non-snorers, and evaluation of biologic and functional improvement following surgical treatment of snoring, have shown that this chronic nocturnal hypoxia is, with the snoring as such, the essential feature of a well individualized new disease for which the term chronic rhonchopathy is proposed. This affection is composed of different clinical aspects of several syndromes, notably the Pickwickian and sleep apnea syndromes. However, a latent form also exists in which snoring is the only symptom, as well as a decompensated form with multiple signs related to the underlying condition. Improvement follows suppression of the respiratory obstacle provoking snoring. The most frequent of these signs is drowsiness, particularly when driving, and is the one with the heaviest social consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical treatment of snoring: principle and technic].

Surgical treatment of snoring requires suppression both of the obstacle responsible for the nocturnal respiratory noise but also of the chronic hypoxia on which the sleep of these patients is grafted. The soft palate and its appendages (uvula and tonsillar pillars) are always involved. Precise definition of extent of palatal resection ensures success of operation and avoidance of nasal regurgitation of food or rhinolalia postoperatively. Nasal ventilation must be normal; a septoplasty is sometimes unavoidable and postoperative medical treatment of rhinitis necessary. The pharyngeal lumen must be as wide as possible and tonsillectomy is sometimes required. Indications for these three stages : palatal, nasal and pharyngeal are described, omitting details of maxillary osteotomies capable of improving certain major retrognathies since these are only exceptionally indicated. Details of anesthetic requirements are emphasized and results obtained described.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The Chorimac-12. A multichannel cochlear implant for total deafness. Description and clinical results.

More than 90% of cases of patients suffering from acquired or congenital deafness may be provided with some sound sensation owing to the electrical stimulation of the few cochlear nerve fibers that are still present in the deaf cochlea. In order to obtain some speech discrimination without lip reading it is necessary to elicite different frequency sound sensations. Thus electrically proofs compartments must be performed all along the cochlear keyboard. The placement of 12 intra-cochlear electrodes is greatly facilitated by using an electrodes-bearer which is introduced through a very simple and classical surgical procedure. The indications for implanting depend on undiscussible criteria (total deafness, auditory response to electrical stimulation of the round window, patient's motivation). Clinical results consist of psychoaffective improvement and auditory possibilities. All patients are able to discriminate homosyllabic words in closed lists without lips reading, but the percentages of these performances greatly vary from one patient to the other. Some patients, generally suffering from acquired total deafness, are able to discriminate words or sentences without reference list and without help of lips reading. These results depend on the patient's socialization level, on the pre or post-lingual status of the deafness, on an eventual cochlear ossification, and on the value of several pre operative electro physiological data. Associated handicaps (autism, blindness, tetraplegia) are not contra indications and often represent supplementary reasons for implanting. The value of these post-operative results may be predicted owing to a series of electrical pre-operative tests and clinical data. Thus it is possible to determine the respective indications of multi and single channel cochlear implants.

Adolescent↗