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Biomedical subjects

F C Hugues

Publications and source records attributed to F C Hugues.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Comparison of the effects of carteolol and metipranolol eyedrops on the ventilatory and cardiovascular functions in asthmatics].

Systemic effects of two topical B adrenergic blocking agents, carteolol and metipranolol, recently introduced in the treatment of open angle chronic glaucoma, were investigated in two groups of 10 asthmatic patients, according to a controlled trial device. Saline eye drops as placebo, then, 30 mn later beta blocker eye-drops, were instillated at usual dose. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, vital capacity (VC) and expiratory outflow (FEV1), were checked every 15 mn during 90 mn. They did not vary under placebo. After carteolol and metipranolol, heart rate decreased more than 10% in 7 out of 10 patients in each group (extreme individual changes: -16.7 and -25.0%). Bradycardia was always sino atrial. FEV1 was lowered in 3 patients with carteolol and in 6 with metipranolol (extreme individual values: -32.3 and -31.8%). If time is not taken in consideration, the lowest values were -8.6 +/-4.6% with carteolol and -17.9 +/- 3.3% with metipranolol. CV was reduced only in 1 patient under carteolol and 2 patients under metipranolol. Systemic blood pressure remained unchanged. 7 patients complained of ocular pain when metipranolol was instillated. Comparison of both ocular topics shows that metipranolol lowers heart rate and FEV1 more than carteolol, which has a sympathomimetic intrinsic activity. These two drugs have the same clinical efficiency. Our results point out the risks outcoming from their systemic diffusion, and the absolute necessity to comply with the general rules of good use of beta blockers, even with eye drops, mainly the contra-indications and the strict adjustment of individual doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Hepatomegaly with portal hypertension indicative of systemic mastocytosis].

Systemic mastocytosis is an uncommon disorder due to multiorgan infiltration by mast cells. The authors report the case of a man whose mastocytosis was revealed in an unusual way by hepatomegaly and portal hypertension of the sinusoidal type. This case was also characterized by the absence of urticaria pigmentosa, the presence of seborrheic warts in which mast cell infiltration was noted and the absence of digestive symptoms. The peculiarities of this case are compared to the published data.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Research on bronchomotor properties of a calcium inhibitor (bepridil) in asthmatic patients].

The bronchomotor properties of calcium antagonists were investigated in 10 patients with paroxysmal asthma, using a double-blind, cross-over method. Each patient received, in random order, either a placebo (5% glucose solution) or bepridil (2 mg/kg) administered by intravenous infusion over 30 min. There were no changes in mean values of vital capacity, FEV1 and systolic blood pressure. Bradycardia was regularly present. Diastolic blood pressure was lowered in 4 patients. An analysis of individual responses showed that FEV1 was unimpaired in 9 patients and was increased by more than 25% in one case. Thus, contrary to beta-blockers, bepridil and other calcium antagonists have no adverse effects on the bronchi of asthmatics; on the other hand, their bronchorelaxant effect is too inconstant for these drugs to be used in the symptomatic treatment of paroxysmal asthma.

Asthma↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of the prevalence of pathology of drug origin in a department of internal medicine].

The authors report the results of a one year study carried out in the Department of Internal Medicine at Laennec Hospital. Out of a total of 1334 hospitalisation, 95 had drug side effects (7.1 p. 100) and 3.5 p. 100 of admissions were directly related to a iatrogenic complication. These complications were more common in women and elderly patients. Sixty-two drugs were implicated: antibiotics (32.6 p. 100), cardiovascular drugs (20 p. 100) including the diuretics (8.4 p. 100), antiinflammatory and antalgic drugs (16.8 p. 100), anticoagulants (8.4 p. 100), neuropsychiatric drugs (7.4 p. 100), oral hypoglycaemic agents (6.3 p. 100)..., 101 side effects were observed: gastro-intestinal (35.6 p. 100) dermato-anaphylactic (19.8 p. 100), cardiovascular (12.9 p. 100), endocrine or metabolic (11.8 p. 100), neuropsychiatric (10.9 p. 100), haematological (5.9 p. 100) and renal (4.2 p. 100). Iatrogenic complications were responsible for the admission to hospital of 47 patients and for 390 days of hospitalisation, costing approximately 380.000 FF.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions↗
PubMed1986

[Malignant histiocytosis of pulmonary form].

Malignant histiocytosis beginning by a unique pulmonary location is most unusual. The case reported here has seemed worthy because of its strange clinical aspect, the unexpected diagnosis, and because of the way it answered completely and rapidly to the following chemotherapy: Adriamycin 50 mg/m2, Cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, Vincristine 2 mg one day every three weeks associated to Prednisone 100 mg/m2 the five first days. A study of literature has allowed us to review all pleuro-pulmonary location initiating malignant histiocytosis and to stress out the errors of diagnosis that can outcome in this case.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Evaluation of the systemic effects of timolol maleate in eye drops].

The systemic effects of timolol eye drops were investigated in 35 patients divided into three groups: 1. (15 asthmatics); 2. (10 non-asthmatic patients suffering from glaucoma); 3. (10 elderly control subjects). A placebo eye drops was given at time 0, the timolol maleate drops were given at time 30 mn. The control parameters were checked every 15 minutes. They did not show variations under placebo. After administration of timolol, systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as vital capacity remained unchanged. Heart rate decreased in 91% of subjects by a mean: 18.5% and, extreme 38%: Bradycardia was always sino-atrial and there was a dose effect relationship. Also F.E.V., decreased in 13 of the 15 asthmatics and in 2 patients with chronic bronchitis: in 4 patients the decrease in flow exceeded 20%. The importance of timolol in the treatment of open-angle chronic glaucoma is well-established, but the results reported here and else where emphazing frequent risks should induce prescribers to comply with the rules of good use: analysis of previous history, and compliance with general contra-indications to beta blockers. Routine E.C.G. and strict adjustment of dosage is recommended.

Asthma↗
PubMed1984

[Cystic teratoma of the diaphragm. Apropos of a case, review of the literature].

Benign tumors of the diaphragm are rare lesions. The cystic teratoma of this muscle is an internal axial tumor, a benign dysembryoma, and only 4 cases could be found in the published literature. The cystic teratoma reported was discovered fortuitously during investigation of hypertension. It was located in the diaphragm above the psoas arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Hypersensitivity of the beta-adrenergic receptors in patients considered as spasmophilic. Results of two stimulation trials with isoprenaline in 105 patients (author's transl)].

Two stimulation trials with isoprenaline were performed in two groups of 50 and 55 patients considered as spasmophilic. The first trial was to check the sensitivity of the beta 1 type cardiac receptors : the average isoprenaline hydrochloride dose raising by 50 p. 100 the rest cardiac rate was equal to 0.147 +/- 0.09 micrograms/kg for 0.23 +/- 0.09 micrograms/kg in the control group. A second trial allowed to stabilize the cardiac rate between + 40 and + 50 p. 100 of its initial value : the symptoms, reappearing during stimulation, under the influence of isoprenaline, were studied. In 43 out of the 50 investigated patients the usual symptoms reappeared, particularly the acrocontractural attacks which were observed then in 46 p. 100 of cases, and sometimes an acute tetanic attack with opisthotonus. All these signs which are characteristic of "the spasmophilic state" seem to relate to vegetative regulation in which the beta-adrenergic component would show the most important : hypersensitivity of the beta receptors might be the common physiological base.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of propranolol and acebutolol on isoprenaline-induced changes in heart rate and peripheral blood flow in man.

The authors studied the variations in the effects of isoprenaline hydrochloride on heart rate (beta 1) and on peripheral blood flow of the upper extremity (beta 2), determined by plethysmography, in a group of 5 men with a mean age of 31 +/- 3 years. The trial was conducted on a single-blind cross-over basis, each subject being infused over 30 min with propranolol (30 microgram/kg), acebutolol (150 microgram/kg) or a placebo (isotonic glucose solution) with at least an 8-day interval between each administration. At the end of the infusion they received isoprenaline (0.01 to 0.075 microgram/kg, in logarithmic progression) every 15 min, for 1 hour. The doses of isoprenaline were injected randomly using a latin square design. The peripheral flow, assessed by the curve of the initial part of the plethysmogram for the first 10 sec, increased with the dose of isoprenaline in the placebo series (Tg alpha = 219.9 log d + 583.4; p less than .01), did not increase in the propranolol series and increased with the dose in the acebutolol series (Tg alpha = 221.5 log d + 567.7; p less than .01); the variations in flow with isoprenaline after placebo and after acebutolol, did not differ significantly. The hear rate increased with the dose of isoprenaline in the placebo series (+55%) although tachycardia was inhibited by propranolol and acebutolol. Under the experimental conditions of this trial, propranolol inhibited beta 1 and beta 2 receptors at the same time, whereas acebutolol inhibited only beta 1 receptors.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1979

[Effects of beta blockaders on ventilatory function in chronic bronchitis].

This study was carried out to determine whether beta blockers could be prescribed for patients with coronary insufficiency and chronic bronchitis. The effects of intravenous infusions (30 mn) of propranolol (30 micrograms/kg), practolol 90 micrograms/kg), atenolol (90 micrograms/kg) and acebutolol (150 micrograms/kg) on vital capacity and expiratory flow rates were investigated in chronic bronchitics. Propranolol (n = 51) moderately reduced the vital capacity and FEV1, by an average 9% and a maximum of 20%. The three other infused agents given to groups of 10 patients did not change the ventilatory function. When the same patients were investigated by cross over with propranol bronchoconstriction was observed. This effect was seen in all stages of chronic bronchitis but was much less severe than in a group of 50 asthmatic patients (-23%). The respiratory tolerance of the cardioselective beta blockers seems to be better but there is considerable individual variation and the diagnosis between asthma and chronic bronchitis may itself be very difficult.

Acebutolol↗
PubMed1979

[Symptomatology in 162 patients with spasmophilia (chronic idiopathic or constitutional tetany). A statistical analysis using a computer (author's transl)].

A computer was used for a statistical analysis of the results of treatment in 162 patients (130 women and 32 men with an average age of 29 years), with chronic idiopathic tetany. Symptoms leading to diagnosis were mainly feelings of ill-health (27.2 %), motor disorders (19.7 %), and sensory problems (19.1 %). The onset of acute attacks is related, more especially, to psychogenic factors. The frequency of the various clinical manifestations, and their symptomatic grouping were analyzed. The clinical profile is similar in both sexes apart from 7 of the 89 items: lipothymia, abnormal feelings of warmth, pseudo-contraction of the larynx, abnormalities of the exoskeleton, and digestive disorders are more frequent in women, while precordalgia is more often present in men. Factorial analysis of correspondence between 38 variables reveals a very large dispersion of the variables, as the first three factors, which are the most significant, supply only 30% of the total information. Furthermore, very few variables share significant relationships in each factor. In spite of the amount of information collected, this dispersion of the symptomatology does not permit the definition of one or more profile-types of spasmophilia.

Acute Disease↗