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Biomedical subjects

F Borchard

Publications and source records attributed to F Borchard.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Monozygotic triplets with Crohn's disease of the colon.

Female monozygotic triplets all developed Crohn's disease within a period of 11 mo. The monozygosity was demonstrated by analysis of 24 genetic markers of different chromosomal localization. Crohn's disease was diagnosed using clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic findings. Histologic evaluation of bowel tissue was consistent with Crohn's disease. All 3 patients had colon involvement; the terminal ileum appeared normal. The patient in whom Crohn's disease was first diagnosed had the severest course. Our observations support the role of a genetic influence in the manifestation of Crohn's disease. Nevertheless, environmental factors or microorganisms, or both, have to be taken into account, perhaps as factors promoting the outbreak of Crohn's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Megaesophagus: induction by a simple animal experiment. Report on the method.

The report describes a method for a simple animal experiment in which esophageal changes similar to megaesophagus can be produced by distal esophageal constriction. Whereas the esophagus of the operated rats with distal stenosis of the esophagus underwent no change in length, there was an increase in width, especially in the middle third, by an average of about 4.5 times. Optical microscopy revealed no inflammatory infiltrates in the esophageal mucosa as a possible indication of retention esophagitis in any of the animals. The histomorphometric investigation of the various portions of the esophageal wall revealed, during the initial period (12 days), a statistically significant thinning of the submucosa and muscularis in almost every region of the esophagus. An early hypertrophy of the tunica muscularis in almost every region of the esophagus. An early hypertrophy of the tunica muscularis was observed only in the area of the distal stenosis. The cornifying squamous epithelium showed a slight increase in thickness in the middle and distal regions of the esophagus. The animal experimental model presented here appears to us to be well suited for further investigation of functional esophageal disorders through future animal experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Cancer of the distal esophagus and cardia. Incidence, tumorous infiltration, and metastatic spread.

The report concerns the findings of autopsies performed at the Institute of Pathology, The University of Düsseldorf, where 68 patients with cancer of the distal esophagus and 117 patients with cancer of the cardia were observed between 1950 and 1982. The total number of autopsies during this 33-year observation period was 46,593. The male:female ratio was 5.8:1 in cancer of the distal esophagus, and 4.3:1 in cancer of the cardia. During the observation period, cancer of the distal esophagus accounted, on average, for about 40% of all esophageal cancers, whereas the percentage of cancers of the cardia among all gastric cancers was 15.4% on average. While the incidence of gastric cancer has decreased overall, a relative increase in cancers of the cardia has been found, especially in the last 8 years. In histological terms, most of the malignomas of the distal esophagus were squamous cell carcinomas (84%), and most of the cancers of the cardia were adenocarcinomas (96%). Tumor spread and lymphogenous and hematogenous metastasizing are discussed, and the findings are compared with the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Hemorrhagic colitis as a sequela of a soap enema--case report].

The case of a 45 year old man is reported who developed an acute hemorrhagic colitis after the administration of a soapsud enema. Clinical, laboratory, radiologic, endoscopic and histologic findings are presented and compared with reports from the literature. Differential diagnosis of soap colitis has to include ischemic and drug-induced colitis. Because of the possible complication soapsud enemas should not be used any longer in medical practice.

Colitis↗
PubMed1986

[Familial dysphagia].

The etiology of achalasia and diffuse esophageal spasm remains unknown. We report on two families (father/son, mother/son) with achalasia and esophageal spasm, respectively, who were examined by radiology, endoscopy and manometry. One patient (mother) died from aspiration pneumonia. These observations support the hypothesis of a genetic trait in some cases of esophageal motility disorders. In addition, the coincidence of familial achalasia and esophageal spasm is in support of a close relationship of both diseases. Achalasia is a potentially letal disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Accelerated tumor induction by distal esophageal constriction in the rat under the influence of N-ethyl-N-butyl-nitrosamine.

When given N-ethyl-N-butyl-nitrosamine, which was added to the drinking water, a statistically significantly greater number of esophageal papillomas developed in rats with an operatively produced stenosis of the distal esophagus than in control rats without stenosis. The tumor induction occurred earlier in the rats that had undergone surgery, and the preferred site was in the area of the stenosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus. Clinical aspects, morphologic changes and functional disorders].

Oesophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis, a rare benign disease with as yet unexplained aetiology, was observed in 4 patients during the course of 2 years. The main symptom is dysphagia. Radiographic and endoscopically detectable diverticula or diverticular orifices are pathognomonic. A prolongation in the duration of oesophageal contractions is the main manometric finding. At autopsy, a reduction in the number of oesophageal intramural ganglion cells was seen in one case. A prolonged pressure-effect on the oesophageal wall could be the cause of the wall pouches.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Carcinoma of the gallbladder: autopsy findings in 287 cases and review of the literature.

From 1950 to 1982, 287 patients with cancer of the gallbladder were autopsied. The ratio of men to women was 1:3.7. The average age of women was 70 years; that of men was 69.5 years. Most tumors (67.7%) had grown by diffuse infiltration and one-third (32.3%) were polypous-exophytic. Fundus and collum of the gallbladder showed an equal frequency (24%) of tumor localisation. The percentage of all gallbladder malignomas that were adenocarcinomas of various differentiation was 84.6, and 10.9% were anaplastic carcinomas, the rest consisted of squamous cell carcinomas (3.7%) and 0.8% sarcomas. Metastases were found in 265 cases (92.3%). Tumorous infiltration, lymph node metastases, and visceral metastases are discussed. A cholelithiasis was found in 78.4%. The results are compared with the literature.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm].

Between January 1, 1970 and March 1, 1985 530 patients underwent graft replacement of the abdominal aorta for infrarenal aortic aneurysms. 28 (5.3%) patients had inflammatory aneurysmal disease, in 3 cases (10.7%) the aneurysm was ruptured. Operation mortality was 17.3%. Characteristic appearance was an unusually thick aortic wall with diffuse, shiny white fibrotic reaction in the retroperitoneum. In most cases the duodenum, inferior vena cava, left renal vein, transverse mesocolon or the ureter were involved into the inflammatory mass. Thoracic aortic involvement was not observed. Contrast CT showed enhancement of the periaortic tissue similar to the blood in the aortic lumen. Standard operation techniques had to be modified to avoid mobilisation of the adherent structures and organs to the aorta.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1985

Isolation and partial characterization of a fatty acid binding protein in rat liver plasma membranes.

When [14C]oleate-bovine serum albumin complexes were incubated in vitro with rat liver plasma membranes (LPM), specific, saturable binding of oleate to the membranes was observed. Maximal heat-sensitive (i.e., specific) binding was 3.2 nmol/mg of membrane protein. Oleate-agarose affinity chromatography of Triton X-100-solubilized LPM was used to isolate a single 40-kDa protein with high affinity for oleate. On gel filtration, the protein comigrated with various fatty acids but not with [14C]bilirubin, [35S]sulfobromophthalein, [14C]taurocholate, [14C]phosphatidylcholine, or [14C]cholesteryloleate. A rabbit antibody to this membrane fatty acid-binding protein gave a single precipitin line with the antigen but no reactivity with concentrated cytosolic proteins, LPM bilirubin/sulfobromophthalein-binding protein, or rat albumin or other rat plasma proteins. The antibody selectively inhibited heat-sensitive binding of [14C]oleate to LPM. Immunofluorescence studies localized the antigen in liver-cell plasma membranes as well as in other major sites of fatty acid transport. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that this protein may act as a receptor in a hepatocellular uptake mechanism for fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Budd-Chiari syndrome: some pathologic-anatomic aspects.

The obstruction of the outflow of blood from the hepatic veins is generally called the Budd-Chiari syndrome. In the present work the most important pathologic-anatomic findings concerning this rare disorder are discussed as are its possible causes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Early cancer of the esophagus].

The early esophageal carcinoma is rarely described as compared to the early carcinoma of the stomach; most esophageal carcinomas are diagnosed in advanced stages. We report about a 50 years old patient, who suffered from remittent gastrointestinal bleeding during anticoagulant therapy. Endoscopic examination revealed a small epithelial esophageal lesion (type I according to the classification of Monnier et al.) with positive cytology and histology of carcinoma. The pathologic study of the resected specimen showed early esophageal carcinoma. Additionally a review of the published cases is given and the findings are discussed in the light of etiological and epidemiological factors.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1984

Herpes oesophagitis. I. Light microscopical and immunohistochemical investigations.

The diagnosis of herpes oesophagitis was established from routinely processed biopsy specimens and cytological brush preparations of six patients by immunoperoxidase staining of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-antigen. Macroscopically small round punched-out ulcers are the most frequent and characteristic feature of herpes oesophagitis, whether occurring in patients with serious debilitating illnesses, under immunosuppression, or without evidence of any significant disease. Light microscopically the herpetic changes of squamous epithelium consist of ballooning degeneration, ground glass nuclei with margination of chromatin, eosinophilic inclusions and multinuclear giant cells. A specific positive reaction with anti-HSV is found only at the borders of the oesophageal ulcers. The immunostaining intensity of nuclei and cytoplasm varies from cell to cell according to the mode of HSV replication in productive infected cells. The latency of HSV in the vagus ganglion and centrifugal neural spread are discussed.

Adolescent↗