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Biomedical subjects

F Borchard

Publications and source records attributed to F Borchard.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Malignant hemangioendotheliosarcoma in the area of the right coronary artery: imaging by selective coronary angiography].

We report on a case of a malignant hemangioendotheliosarcoma in the right coronary artery. The first manifestation was a pericardial tamponade from a hemorrhagic pericardial effusion. The diagnosis was established only by selective coronary angiography of the right coronary artery, other imaging procedures did not lead to the diagnosis. During follow-up, multiple angiosarcoma developed in the liver, the spleen and, finally, in the lungs. Despite multichemotherapy, the patient died 7 months after the first manifestation.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1992

[DNA ploidy and dysplasia in ulcerative colitis--interim analysis of a prospective study].

DNA ploidy and cell cycle phases were evaluated by flow cytometry in colonic biopsy specimens from 107 patients with ulcerative colitis in order to analyse the prevalence of DNA aneuploidy as an indicator of numerical chromosomal aberrations and the cell proliferation in all forms of ulcerative colitis. Whereas G2/M-phase fractions in ulcerative colitis and in controls were comparable (2.7 +/- 1.1% vs. 2.8 +/- 1.1%), S-phase fractions in ulcerative colitis exceeded those of controls (7.5 +/- 3.2% vs. 6.5 +/- 2.3%; p < 0.01). In 28 control patients, only diploid DNA histograms existed. Single or multiple aneuploid stem lines were detected in 10 patients with ulcerative colitis (9.3%). Aneuploidy was nearly exclusively associated with pancolitis. Dysplasia was present in 13 patients (indefinite: 8; low-grade: 5), of whom 5 patients also showed DNA aneuploidy. 5 patients with non-dysplastic mucosa exhibited DNA aneuploidy. Because dysplasia and DNA aneuploidy can be discordant and might therefore identify different subgroups at risk, flow cytometry might play a role as a valuable complement to histological examination in surveillance programs of ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of proliferative activity in carcinomas of the human alimentary tract by Ki-67 immunostaining.

The monoclonal antibody (MAb) Ki-67, which is directed against a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen, was used to measure tumor proliferation in 165 carcinomas of the esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum with an indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The percentage of Ki-67-positive tumor cells (Ki-67 index) was evaluated with the point-counting method. The Ki-67 index in gastric cancers (mean, 24.8%; standard deviation, 11.1%) was significantly lower than in tumors of the esophagus (35.7 +/- 12.6%), colon (37.6 +/- 15.2%), and rectum (34.3 +/- 16.4%). A wide range of the Ki-67 index (5.9-75.3%) could be observed within the various tumor types. In recurrent colorectal carcinomas, the Ki-67 index significantly increased to 51.9%. The Ki-67 index was independent of pathologic (e.g., TNM-stage, grading, tumor volume, tumor site) and clinical variables (age and gender of the patients). A marked heterogeneity of Ki-67 expression within different tumor stages was noted. Statistically significant regional variations in tumor proliferation existed between different areas within the same tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Histopathological evaluation of oesophageal carcinoma: the significance of venous invasion.

Follow-up data on 115 patients who had undergone surgical resection for oesophageal carcinoma were analysed. Histological sections were reviewed for tumour classification, grading and staging, and special stains were used to detect venous invasion. The effect of various factors on survival was statistically analysed using Cox's proportional hazards regression model. In this multivariate analysis lymph node metastasis was the most important variable in the assessment of survival (improvement chi 2 = 7.43, P = 0.006). Venous invasion, which was demonstrated with a frequency of 76.5 per cent (mostly intramural) was the second most important prognostic factor (improvement chi 2 = 2.86, P = 0.09). The relative risk for the presence of both variables was rather modest (3.09).

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Number and size of perigastric lymph nodes in human adults without gastric cancer.

For classification of perigastric lymph node metastases in gastric cancer, only topographical aspects are taken into consideration at present. As a numerical classification for lymph node metastases was proposed recently, the current problem is that of determining the number of dissectable perigastric lymph nodes and also assessing the quality of nodal dissection. The perigastric lymph nodes of 10 adults without gastric disease were therefore evaluated microscopically by a serial section technique. On average a total of 36.2 +/- 15.2 perigastric lymph nodes were found, e.g. 14.9 +/- 14.1 lymph nodes on the greater and 7.4 +/- 4.8 on the lesser curvature. These figures are similar to those in fetuses and newborn infants, but they exceed the numbers of perigastric lymph nodes reported in the literature for adults with or without gastric cancer. This difference could be attributable to our use of the serial section technique, because the so-called "micro-lymph nodes" with a diameter of less than 1.5 mm are consequently included in this study. Our results support the assumption, that pathologic processes do not result in any real increase of regional lymph nodes, but in an activation and enlargement of fetal lymph node reserve.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Gastritis due to spiral shaped bacteria other than Helicobacter pylori: clinical, histological, and ultrastructural findings.

An intensive histological search for Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy specimens has led to the detection of other spiral shaped bacteria in the human gastric mucosa. The clinical and morphological findings of 39 cases (0.25% of all gastric biopsies performed in the observation period) are reported for 34 patients (87.2%) complaining of upper abdominal discomfort. Five patients (12.8%) had chronic gastritis and 34 (87.2%) chronic active gastritis. The organisms were seen by light microscopy deep in the gastric foveolae and intracellularly. The scanning and transmission electron microscopic findings show bacteria which invade and damage gastric mucosal cells. These organisms are similar to the spiral shaped bacteria found in the stomachs of cats and dogs and non-human primates. In eight patients organisms were not detected after four weeks of treatment with bismuth salts. The disappearance of the organisms coincided with resolution of the chronic active gastritis and the symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cryptosporidiosis of the appendix vermiformis: a case report.

The present case report describes a 30-year-old man with AIDS who developed cryptosporidiosis of the appendix vermiformis. The patient had been admitted to hospital with all the symptoms of appendicitis, and an appendectomy was performed. The histological work-up of the surgical specimen revealed an acute phlegmonous appendicitis, and also a welldeveloped cryptosporidiosis, which was confirmed by electron-microscopic examination. Two years later, the patient died of pneumonia contracted during a generalised CMV infection. The postmortem examination revealed cryptosporidial organisms in the biliary tract. As far as we know, this is the first ever report of cryptosporidiosis of the appendix vermiformis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

[Status of gastrectomy in the multi-modality therapy concept of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the stomach].

Retrospectively analyzed data of 41 patients with gastric non-Hodgkin lymphoma are presented with special regard to the required extent of gastric resection in multimodality treatment. Thirty lymphomas of low, 2 of intermediate and 9 of high grade malignancy were distributed on stage Ie in 44%, stage IIe in 15%, stage IIIe in 12% and stage IV in 29%. The cumulative 5 years survival rate was 85% for stage Ie and 55% for the stages IIe and IIIe. Stage IV showed a 3 years survival of 10%. The proximal part of the stomach was involved in 73%, polycentric lesions were found in 15%. The majority (71%) of the tumours showed an infiltrating growth, an invasion of the oesophagus and/or the duodenum was seen in 20%. Five patients (12%) had synchronous adenocarcinoma as second gastric tumour. Regarding our morphological and topographical data curative surgery for primary gastric lymphoma required total gastric resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Collagenous gastroduodenitis on collagenous colitis.

We report on a case of collagenous gastroduodenitis with concomitant collagenous colitis in a 75-year-old woman with watery diarrhea of approximately six months' standing. The step biopsy material obtained from the colon revealed continuous collagenous colitis with thickening of the basal membrane to 30 microns. The biopsies taken from the stomach and duodenum also revealed a band-like deposition of collagen in the duodenum (bulb and proximal portion of the descending portion) along the basal membrane of the lining epithelium, associated with partial atrophy of the villi. In the stomach, this band of collagen was located, parallel to the mucosal surface, at the level of the floor of the foveolae.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Classification of gastric carcinoma.

In this review the main classification systems of gastric carcinomas are described. Besides topographical aspects, the macroscopic features of early and advanced gastric cancers are summarized. Also scanning microscopic typings, the WHO typing, and various histogenetic classifications are reviewed. The main prognostic categorizations, like the TNM classification of the UICC and the Japanese classification of lymph nodes, are described, together with their prognostic significance. Finally, the special significance of the R classification is stressed.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Crohn's disease in four members of a family, two of whom are dizygotic twins.

Familial occurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) is well known, but the disease is rarely reported to occur in dizygotic twins. We present an additional case of dizygotic twins, both of whom developed CD, from a family in which two other members are affected. The 16-year-old son contracted the disease 2 years before his 50-year-old father, and 13 years before his twin sister. Another sister was affected 6 years after the onset of the disease in the propositus. HLA haplotyping of the three children matched the Mendelian ratio. The multiple occurrence of CD in blood relatives, especially in siblings, emphasizes the importance of genetic factors in the development of this disease. This family history, however, could point to psychic influences promoting the occurrence of CD on the basis of a polygenic disease susceptibility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Assessment of cell proliferation in colorectal carcinomas using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67. Correlation with pathohistologic criteria and influence of irradiation.

Cell proliferation was measured by a three-step immunoperoxidase technique on cryostat sections of 61 resected colorectal adenocarcinomas using the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 that is directed against a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen. The percentage of Ki-67-positive cells was quantified with the point-counting method. The frequency distribution of the percentage of Ki-67-positive tumor cells in 52 unirradiated carcinomas was gaussian with a mean of 38.7% (range, 7.7% to 75.3%). Analysis of the unirradiated tumors showed no relation between Ki-67 staining and various clinicopathologic features including age, sex, tumor volume, tumor differentiation, location, and tumor stage. Although some tumors demonstrated intratumor heterogeneity of immunoreactivity, there was no significant difference in proliferative activity among peripheral, intermediate, and central tumor areas. Whereas the Ki-67 index increased to 47.1% in recurrent carcinomas, it decreased significantly to 24.7% in rectal carcinomas given radiotherapy before surgery. Therefore, Ki-67 immunostaining might be used as a tool to select and monitor patients with colorectal cancers who might benefit from radiotherapy. The marked differences of Ki-67 expression among different tumors may relate to heterogeneity in growth kinetics and may therefore carry prognostic implications.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Noncirrhotic liver fibrosis after chronic arsenic poisoning].

A 67-year-old woman with portal hypertension, splenomegaly without portal vein thrombosis, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia of splenic origin had repeated episodes of life-threatening haemorrhage from esophageal varices. Since childhood she had suffered from psoriasis and had been treated over a period of 15 years with Fowler's solution (in all about 25 g of arsenic trioxide). She had the characteristic skin lesions of arsenical poisoning-palmar hyperkeratoses and two basal cell carcinomas on the trunk. Histological examination of a wedge biopsy from the liver showed definite structural changes with fibrosis around the central veins and in the portal tracts. There was no evidence of cirrhotic alteration. The hepatocytes were normal by light microscopy and electron microscopy. This case of noncirrhotic hepatic fibrosis is considered to have been caused by chronic arsenical poisoning.

Aged↗