Effect of methyl prednisolone on 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in rabbits.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
F Bonnel
Publications and source records attributed to F Bonnel.
[Nephritic pseudocolic and anuria, a deceptive sign of rupture of an iliac aneurysm. Diagnostic value of echography and computed tomography].
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Aged↗
In vivo corrosion of sodium silicate glasses.
Square-shaped implants of various sodium silicate glasses were weighed and implanted intraperitoneally in rat for periods ranging from 8 to about 60 days. The implants were then removed and their aspect was compared to their aspect before exposure to physiological environment. The corrosion products were studied by x-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis. Weight changes were also measured to calculate a biodegradation rate. The glass 66 SO (66.6 SiO2-33.3 Na2O) was strongly corroded, as early as after the first week. The nonsoluble degradation products formed a cocoon encapsulating the now smaller specimen. The analysis of the cocoon showed that it was made of a silica-rich layer containing also calcium and phosphorus. In this layer the ratio Ca/P could correspond to that of an apatite. The biodegradation rate reached 71 x 10(-4) g . cm-2 . day-1. The glass 75 SO (75 SiO2-25 Na2O) was not so quickly corroded: Cracks appeared at the surface and progressively reached the center of the implants. There was no removable shell but a white deposit, adherent to the surface. This deposit contained silica and also calcium and phosphorus at the periphery. The biodegradation rate was only 2.6 x 10(-4) g . cm-2 . day-1.
Animals↗
Anatomical study of the ulnar nerve in the hand.
This anatomical study is based on the dissection of fifty adult hands. The classic configuration of the ulnar nerve was found in thirty-nine cases out of fifty, and in eleven cases there were variations with respect to division. The levels of division of the different branches were precisely determined by an analysis of variations in the areas of muscular innervation.
Aged↗
Histologic structure of the ulnar nerve in the hand.
Serial histologic sections of 20 ulnar nerves revealed broad individual variations in the number and diameter of the fascicles at all levels. The number of fascicles increased from the proximal portion to the distal portion, and interfascicular and perifascicular connective tissue occupied about 50% of the entire nerve section. These configurations explain the difficulties and setbacks encountered in the repair of injuries to the ulnar nerve. The counting of myelinated nerve fibers also revealed a great number of variations.
Adult↗
Vascularization, cellular behavior, and union of vascularized bone grafts: experimental study in the rabbit.
The rabbit fibula was used as the experimental model in this study of the biological changes in nonvascularized and vascularized bone grafts (N = 72). Radiological study showed that the time required for union was about the same for both types of graft. Histological study with tetracycline as a marker showed that there were cellular changes in these two types of graft: moderate hematopoietic and osteocytic loss associated with an increase in bone porosity in vascularized grafts and virtually total osteocytic renewal and marrow necrosis in nonvascularized bone grafts. Quantitative study of vascularization by flow measurement using labeled microspheres showed a brief initial phase of hypervascularization in vascularized grafts, while revascularization took place early in nonvascularized grafts and was followed by hyperemia from the first to the third month. Calcium uptake curves for the two types of graft were quite closely superimposable upon blood flow rate curves. However, the comparative results presented in this study may be tempered by the fact that all grafts were applied to a recipient bed of excellent quality, consisting of well-vascularized muscles.
Animals↗
New concepts on the arterial vascularization of skin and muscle.
From a personal anatomic study, the author describes here the principles of cutaneous and muscular arterial blood supply and proposes a new classification. The cutaneous arterial blood supply depends on musculocutaneous arteries and on direct cutaneous arteries. With the exception of some cutaneous flaps that are supplied by direct cutaneous arteries, most other cutaneous areas are supplied by musculocutaneous arteries. The dissection of a fasciocutaneous flap reveals a new possibility for repairing large skin defects. The subcutaneous aponeurosis possesses a rich vascular supply and an important arterial network. The muscular arterial blood supply is fully studied here with the description of two main groups of muscles corresponding to an adequate blood supply.
Aged↗
[Osteosynthesis of the low lumbar spine and spondylolisthesis. Modification of the Scholner plate and pedicular screwing].
A modification of Roy Camille's Technic for better screw location into the pedicle of vertebra of the low lumbar column and lumbo-sacral junction is reported. A small 5 millimeters resection of the inferior articular process allows a more cranial drill-hole which is more steadily in the pedicle of the vertebra as confirmed by X rays controls and anatomic specimens. A 10 degree slope to a caudal direction is needed at the L5 level and a 30 degree slope to a caudal direction is required at S1 level. 50 millimeters length screw can be used for adult patients. Some modification of Scholner's plate are proposed in spondylolisthesis surgery.
Bone Plates↗
[Pain following traumatic lesions of the brachial plexus (radicular avulsions and truncular lesions)].
Pain in avulsions lesions of the brachial plexus is related with deafferentation; experimental studies demonstrate that spontaneous discharges can be recorded with micro electrodes in the dorsal horn, after division of the dorsal roots. These discharges ("firing") are related with the loss of control of the inhibitory effects of the large caliber sensory fibers. This pathophysiological concept drawn from the Melzack and Wall's theory (gate control) allows a good meaning of the paradoxical results observed after neurotization (via accessory or intercostal nerves), namely immediate relief of pain, observed in several cases after surgery. This theory helps to explain the efficiency of the neurostimulation techniques (by inhibition of the "firing") and of the technique of "dorsal root entry zone coagulation" in the avulsed area, on the spinal cord, by direct destruction of the hyperactive cells in the posterior horn. These technical advances and early return to work and to community offer the best prospect of relief of pain. Incidence of intractable pain problem is less than 10% after 10 years.
Brachial Plexus↗
Microscopic anatomy of the adult human brachial plexus: an anatomical and histological basis for microsurgery.
On the basis of 100 brachial plexus dissections in adult subjects, the angular variations of roots in their intrarachidian and cervical portions are examined. Serial histological sections of 21 brachial plexuses allow one to define fascicular histologic organization. These descriptions of biometric anatomical variation and complexity in histological fascicular organization help to elucidate the difficulties that must be overcome following nerve suture in order to achieve a satisfactory functional recovery.
Aged↗
Biomechanical activity of the growth plate. Clinical incidences.
The authors analyze at several levels the biomechanical activity of the epiphyseal plate. From a histologic point of view, they show the role played by the different cell layers in growth. The rapid growth of long bones is well known in animals, not entirely in human beings. The factors involved in mechanical regulation of the epiphyseal plate are analyzed according to distraction and compression stresses. Other factors have also been reported (periosteum and muscle). Analysis of the literature reveals that biomechanical activity and the factors managing growth are not well known yet. A combined effort should be made to obtain better understanding of the surgical procedures carried out in pediatric orthopedics.
Animals↗
[Hemodynamic interferences between diltiazem and thiopental--experimental study in the pig].
The clinical applications of calcium channel blockers are rapidly growing; as barbiturates interfere with intracellular calcium movements, the possibility of drug interaction at this level must be considered. We have studied the haemodynamic interaction of Thiopentone and Diltiazem in pigs. A loading dose of Diltiazem (0.15 mg X kg-1) was injected followed by a continuous administration of 0.07 mg X kg-1 X hour. From the fifth to the tenth minute, the reduced afterload was associated with a moderate depression of the contractility of the left ventricle. These values returned to the initial level within 30 minutes. Heart rate and cardiac output were not modified. The stability of these two parameters is thought to result from the complex interaction of both drugs on the sympathetic nervous system and the ventricular function.
Animals↗
[Radioulnocarpal and mediocarpal articulations. Anatomic organization and biomechanical bases].
Based on their personal work and a general review of the literature, the authors have studied the anatomy and the physiology of the carpal bones and the radioulnocarpal joint. The wrist complex includes 33 ligaments which may be divided into three groups: intra-articular, intracapsular and extracapsular. The biomechanic behavior of each carpal bone, joint and ligamentous structure was considered.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
[Screwing into the pedicles of the lower lumbar spine (L3-L4-L5) and the lumbosacral joint].
In cases in which fixation of the lower lumbar vertebrae by plates is performed, the insertion of screws into the pedicles may be difficult. After an anatomical study the authors conclude that a partial resection of the articular facet of the superior vertebra allows improved insertion of antero-posterior screws in the pedicles. At the level of the fifth lumbar vertebra, the direction of the screws should be 10 degrees downwards. At the level of the sacrum it should be 30 degrees downwards. Screws of 15 mm length can be used in adults.
Adult↗
[Biomechanical bases of dorsal and lumbar spinal osteosynthesis].
The authors report the results of their biomechanical experimental study on the fixation of various lesions of the spine, using Roy Camille metal plates, and the results of Fischer -- Gonon (using Harrington rods) and Kempf -- Jaeger (using Kempf rods). They conclude to: the efficiency of the posterior techniques of fixation, the necessity, in the thoraco-lumbar and lumbar segments to associate an anterior graft (fibula), in order to reinforce the late stability, the best functional results achieved by a "short" fixation in association with an anterior graft (double approach technique). According to their experience, the authors advocate for the use of Roy Camille metal plates screwed in the pedicles, the Harrington or Kempf rods helping in the per operative course to gain further reduction, namely in cases of disymetrical displacements.
Biomechanical Phenomena↗
Paralysis in root avulsion of the brachial plexus. Neurotization by the spinal accessory nerve.
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Accessory Nerve↗
Myosin light chains in normal and pathological human skeletal muscles.
Thirty-nine human skeletal muscle biopsies from 24 individuals were classified as normal, neuropathic, or myopathic muscle according to classical clinical observations and histopathological properties of the muscles. The content in myosin light chains (LC) of each muscle sample was analyzed by means of a new technique of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that gives an improved discrimination, involving isoelectrofocusing of the muscle homogenate for the first dimension and successive migration in a urea-containing gel for the second dimension. Four different LC patterns have been observed in the normal muscles; these four patterns and three different ones have been observed in the pathological muscles. No apparent correlation exists between the myosin LC content and the histochemical fiber typing. It is concluded that the myosin LC are apparently not a useful marker to detect the normality or the pathology of human muscle.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗
The oculomotor nerve: biometry and endoneural fascicular systematization.
The authors carried out a macroscopic study of the oculomotor nerve based on the dissection of 60 hemifaces with special emphasis on the numerous variations of the course of the nerve from its apparent origin to its termination in the orbital cavity. Histological study of serial sections of the nerve showed that a true fascicular structure exists only distal to the point where it pierces the dura mater. The number of histologically identifiable fasciculi was found to be highly variable from one subject to another and, in a given individual, from one side to the other.
Adult↗