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Biomedical subjects

F Blotman

Publications and source records attributed to F Blotman.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Rehabilitation and algodystrophies].

Based on 20 years experience, and a personal series of 272 cases of reflex dystrophy (84 cases involving upper limbs, 188 cases involving lower limbs) admitted under a rheumatology unit equipped with all the available techniques of rehabilitative medicine, the authors stress the value of well conducted functional rehabilitation which, even alone, can obtain excellent results in the treatment of this disease, whatever the stage. The authors detail the modalities of this treatment. A local intra-articular or intra-canal injection of corticosteroids permits pain-free physiotherapy. The mobilisation of the lower limb is an urgent priority. Non-aggressive physiotherapeutic techniques should be adapted to the stage and the site of reflex dystrophy. Hydrokinesitherapy and the adaptation of craft techniques to occupational therapy also play an important part.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed1981

[Fasting urinary excretion of calcium, phosphorus and hydroxyproline in relation to creatinine. Normal values and correlations with 24-hour urine values (author's transl)].

The ratios to creatinine of calcium (Ca/Cr), phosphorus (P/Cr) and hydroxyproline (HOP/Cr) were determined in samples of urine collected during a 2-hour period in fasting subjects. Normal values (mean +/- s.d.) of Ca/Cr (0.134 +/- 0.067), P/Cr (0.048 +/- 0.15) and HOP/Cr (0,017 +/- 0,007) obtained in 50 healthy subjects were in agreement with those previously reported by Nordin. The 2-hour urine collection is technically simpler than the conventional 24-hour urine collection, does not expose to the errors inherent in minuted urine collection and provides more information on bone diseases.

Bone Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of the manner of the response to chemotherapy on the prognosis of myeloma. Preliminary study].

The tumor mass regression following the first course of treatment (T1), the time to greater than or equal to 50% tumor regression (TR 50%) and the time to maximum regression (t) were assessed in 29 out of 55 multiple myelomas (MM) successfully treated with alkylating agents. According to t, TR 50% and T1 values, 3 distinctive categories of responsive patients were separated: 1) fast responsive patients (= t less than or equal to 2 months, 48% of cases); 2) intermediate responsive patients (= 3 less than t or 12 months, 38%); 3) and slow responsive patients (= t greater than 12 months, 14%). The first remission duration was shown to be highly related to t (p less than .001), TR 50% (p less than .01) and T1 (p less than .05), the shortest remissions being observed in fast responsive patients. In relapse, the tumor doubling time (TD) was correlated with t, TR 50% and T1 (p = .05), the shortest TD being observed in fast responsive patients. It was shown that pure Bence-Jones and hypercalcemic myelomas were the fastest responsive patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[CRST syndrome. Ultrastructural and physico-chemical studies of calcifications (author's transl)].

The subcutaneous calcifications in a case of CRST syndrome were studied by electron microscopy and by several physico-chemical tests in order to establish their structure and development. Samples of powder, obtained by crushing and homogenisation of the deposits, were subjected to the following analyses: - radiocrystallography by X-ray of the raw and heated material - infra-red spectroscopy before and after heating - quantitative chemical analysis and differential thermal micro-analysis. Connective tissue fibres seemed to play an important part in the development of the calcifications. The initial deposits of calcium first appeared in the central part of elastic fibres whose general morphology remained nevertheless undisturbed. In the older deposits disorganised elastic (and possibly collagen) fibres and areas of bone formation were found. Evidence of an inflammatory reaction was always minimal or nil. There was considerable variation in the calibre of collagen fibres in the non-calcified zones, the smaller fibres predominating. These appearances, sometimes noted in scleroderma, seem to be associated with increased collagen synthesis. X-ray diffraction and infra-red spectroscopy studies show that the deposits consist essentially of type B hydroxyapatite carbonate, confirmed by differential thermic analysis. On electron microscopy the calcifications were shown to comprise straight, needle-like crystals, 100-600 nm in length and 30-100 nm broad, characteristic of the apatites. Very occasionally, target-pattern deposits conforming to whitlockite were encountered. Chemical analysis revealed a high proportion of calcium with a Ca/P ratio greater than 1-666 as is typical of synthetic hydroxyapatite carbonates. The deposits also contained up to 20% by weight of organic material.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Lumbar intraspinal tumors seen in a rheumatological context].

On the basis of a 50 case study, the authors insist on the difficulty of diagnosing lumbar intraspinal tumors seen in a rheumatological context. The increase in pain and spine and spine stiffness at night are the most significant semiological characteristics. A generally slight neurological deficiency is noted in 29 cases (58%) and 21 patients (41%) have a clinical picture identical to that of discal hernias. X-rays of the lumbar spine show signs of bone erosion in 24% of cases. Lumbar puncture furnishes major indications in 85.5% of cases. Contrast testing almost always demonstrates the presence of a tumor. Lumbar intraspinal tumors include a very wide variety of histological types, among which neurinomas, ependymomas and extra-dural malignant tumors are the most frequent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Value of successive chemotherapy in multiple myeloma of bone. Prospective study over 4 years].

In order to study the response of patients with multiple myeloma of the bones (MM) to various anti-cancer drugs (Melphalan M, Cyclophosphamide Cy, Nitrosourea NU, Vincristine V, Adriamycine A and Prednisone P), 70 MM received the following treatment : 1) Induction therapy : a) M and P or b) M and Cy and P ; 2) Levelling with partial or complete response : V Cy P (in case a) or V M Cy P (in case b) ; 3) Relapse : A and NU. The following results were obtained : 1) Only 42.6% of patients respond to induction therapy ; 2) Fewer than 10% of patients showing a response reach a second levelling with Vincristine ; 3) 50% of those not showing a response reach a levelling between --20 and --50 and have prolonged survival ; 4) Only 20% of non responders are improved by Cy P or A and NU. The median actuarial survival is 42 months. Among the responders two poor prognosis factors must be underlined : hypercalcemia and the speed of response.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and TXB2 biosynthesis by human rheumatoid synovia.

Prostaglandins (PG) are currently suspected to be involved in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We have studied the PG [PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and Thromboxane B2 (TXB2)] biosynthesis capacity of normal (from amputations) and pathologic (osteoarthritis (OA) and RA) synovia. The measurement is done on the whole homogenate and microsomal fraction after 40 min incubation, without exogenous arachidonic acid (AA) or with a saturating concentration (25 micrograms/ml) of this compound, using a radioimmunoassay method. There is a considerable increase in PGE2 and PGF2 alpha production by the rheumatoid synovia and more PGE2 and PGF2 alpha are formed. This production is more marked for homogenates than microsomal fraction. The OA group is not homogeneous and does not differ significantly either from normals or from RA. The addition of AA considerably increases the biosynthesis of PG in both normal and pathologic tissue. For TXB2, the first results (four synovia) show no or a small biosynthesis in RA as well as in normals. Nevertheless, the levels before incubation seem higher in RA than in normal tissue.

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1979

[Prostatic osteosis. Retrospective study of 110 cases treated with high-dose estrogens].

On the basis of 110 prostatic osteoses that were histologically proven, constantly painful and demonstrated by X-ray, treated by early estrogenotherapy using very high doses, backed up by a high-dose maintenance estrogenotherapy, the authors study the clinical, radiological, histological and biological profile of this metastatic cancer, as well as the response to treatment. The median actuarial survival time of the patients studied is 18.5 months. No statistically significant prognostic correlation was found. Only patients who are clinically estrogen-sensitive, are suffering from bone metastases without a combined visceral conditions, and have a normal initial rate of alcaline phosphates, tend to have a better prognosis (median actuarial survival 31 months versus 18.5 months for the overall population).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Multiple myeloma of bones. Retrospective study of prognostic factors based on a series of 243 patients].

The authors have made a retrospective study of 243 cases of multiple myelomas, most of them treated with alkylating agents. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 65 years (+ 10). The ratio of the sexes was 1 : 1. Seventy two per cent of the patients had a bone rating of 2 or 3 according to the criteria of Durie and Salmon. Fifty-eight per cent of the patients were anemic (Hg 12 g per cent), with less than 15 per cent being leucopenic or thrombopenic. Hypercalcemia (105 mg 0/00) was noted in 27 per cent of cases. The distribution of immunochemical types is as follows : IgG, 51.5 per cent; IgA, 28 per cent; pure Bence Jones, 20.5 per cent. The respective percentages of kappa and lambda light chains were 64.2 per cent and 35.8 per cent. In this series, nearly 80 per cent of the patients were at phase III according to the classification of Durie and Salmon, and 30.8 per cent at phase B. The median survival, including all phases, increased from 8 months without alkylating agent, to 20 months with melphalan and/or cyclophosphamide. The factors influencing the survival of the patients treated were age, the hemoglobin level, calcemia, renal deficiencies, the immunochemical type, the stage of the disease, and the response to alkylating treatment. The value of these different prognostic factors is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Biosynthesis of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in normal and pathological human synovial fluid].

The biosynthesis capacity of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in normal and pathological (rheumatoid arthritis and osteo-arthrosis) synovialis was studied using the radio-immunological method, simultaneously on homogenized tissues and the microsome fraction, with or without addition of exogenous arachidonic acid. Among the results obtained, the most significant concern rheumatoid polyarthritis: a net increase in PGF2 alpha and especially in PGE2, more pronounced in the homogenized emulsion than in the microsomial fraction. Exogenous arachidonic acid increases the biosynthesis capacity of the PG. The prospective interest of this model is underlined: the possible introduction in the incubation medium of various drugs, making it possible to study the various factors taking part in the biosynthesis of PG (phospholipase A2 and prostaglandin-synthetase).

Arachidonic Acids↗
PubMed1978

[Aspects of the crossed thoracobrachial syndrome as seen in rheumatology].

On the basis of 12 personal observations it is pointed out that the thoracobrachial syndrome may become apparent from pain or paraesthesia of the arm. These symptoms typically appear in certain positions or on effort. Essential arterial or venous complications require early diagnosis, which is only possible by vascular exploration (arteriography or phlebography with radiographs with abduction of the arm). The value of clinical changes appears to be very restricted. Simple surgery-resection of the first rib- eliminates all possible multiple compression causes and is indicated in serious or very incapaciting forms of the syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Tomodensitometry in osteoarticular pathology. Preliminary results].

From the investigation of 180 patients, the preliminary results of tomo-densitometric study ("scanning") of the locomotor system are presented. The technique permits investigation in the transverse spatial plane, which is ignored in conventional radiology. We feel this to be a major advantage in osteo-articular disease, especially for the spine (measurement of the diameter of the canal, analysis of the posterior structures), the sacro-iliac joints, hip joints (easy-measurement of the angles of anteversion) and patello-femoral joints. The densitometric measurement is the second advantage. It allows the estimation of the degree of bony calcification of any bone in the body with great precision. The preliminary study already demonstrates the limitations of the technique (exploration of a single transverse plane, edge effect, and necessity for a new anatomy).

Bone Diseases↗