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Biomedical subjects

F Blotman

Publications and source records attributed to F Blotman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Biomechanics of the connective tissue].

The authors discuss the collagen biomechanical properties. Firstly they recall the technical devices used in biomechanics and the mechanical data usually explored. Next, they review the mechanical properties of the various collagens found in tendons, joints, bone, vascular walls, skin and pulmonary alveoli.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1985

Production of mononuclear cell factor by mononuclear phagocytes from rheumatoid synovial fluid.

Collagenase-and PGE1-stimulating activities (mononuclear cell factor or MCF) have been found in culture supernatants from synovial fluid macrophages (SF-M phi) of patients wih rheumatoid arthritis. The apparent molecular weight of the MCF activity present in SF-M phi supernatants was between 15-20,000 daltons, which is similar to interleukin I. All the SF-M phi supernatants from patients tested showed the MCF activity. Our study presents evidence for MCF production by monocyte-macrophages at the local site of the lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Bone x-ray computed tomographic densitometry by the dual energy technic in a single rotation. Initial results].

Computed tomography is one of the most promising methods for the non-invasive measurement of the bone mass. A review of the theoretical bases of the double energy technique developed by the authors' experimental study on tubes containing defined calcium concentrations and on cadaver vertebrae, demonstrates the value of this investigation in this field. The theoretical study also reveals the limitations of the technique, in particular the decrease in the values induced by fat. The value of this new technique has been confirmed by the preliminary clinical results obtained in non-osteoporotic control women and in women with confirmed osteoporosis, which obviously need to be confirmed by larger series.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

[Febrile reaction to D-penicillamine].

Two personal observations of febrile reaction to D-penicillamine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis provide the opportunity for recalling the clinical presentation which is fairly uniform. The physiopathological mechanism is still unknown. In Wilson disease, progressive reintroduction of the drug may be successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing in rheumatoid polyarthritis].

HLA-A, B, C typing were performed in 72 caucasians with rheumatoid arthritis. HLA-DR typing were accomplished in 40 patients among these 72 subjects. DR4 was clearly increased with a frequency of 55 p. 100 versus 18 p. 100 in controls. We did not find an association between DR4 and the presence of rheumatoid factor. Clinical and biological signs are similar in rheumatoid arthritis with and without DR4. Two other HLA antigens, B40 and Cw3, were increased and their frequency was twice as high in patients as compared with controls. A synthesis of six studies published in the world confirms the elevation of B40 in this disease and later on suggests the elevation of Cw3 which is often linked with B40. The association of rheumatoid arthritis with B40 and Cw3 can be explained by a linkage disequilibrium between DR4 and B40 on the one hand, between DR4 and Cw3 on the other hand.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Somesthetic evoked potentials of the spinal cord and cervico-brachial neuralgia].

Thirty patients with active cervico-brachial neuralgia were investigated by detection of the sensory action potential of the nerve, the spinal somaesthetic evoked potential and the cerebral somaesthetic evoked potential. Stimulation is applied to the affected side and symmetrically to the healthy side, at the finger and at the wrist. The digital stimulation recruits a more specific root territory (2nd finger C6-C7, 5th finger C8-T1). These results were compared to those obtained in a population of 14 controls. In cases of active cervico-brachial neuralgia, the spinal somaesthetic evoked potential from digital stimulation (N16) was always abolished in the painful territory; it was also abolished on the pain free side in 75% of cases, while it was present in 96% of the controls. The spinal somaesthetic evoked potential from stimulation of the wrist was only abolished on the painful side in 29% of cases, but the mean amplitude of N13 was reduced. In contrast, the cerebral somaesthetic evoked potential and the sensory action potential of the nerve were only minimally altered. These changes regress after clinical cure. There is a correlation between the severity of the clinical course and the electrophysiological findings. Isolated abolition of the spinal somaesthetic evoked potential from digital stimulation is a constant feature of benign cervico-brachial neuralgia, while abolition of the spinal somaesthetic evoked potential by stimulation of the finger and of the wrist, bilaterally, corresponds to the most severe forms.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Fractures of the calcaneus during fluoride therapy of osteoporosis].

Two cases of calcaneum "stress" fractures are reported. The fracture, which was unilateral in the first case and bilateral in the second, occurred 15 and 18 months respectively after the initiation of fluoride treatment for osteoporosis. The simultaneous discovery of thyrotoxicosis in the second patient suggests that the role of hyperthyroidism in the occurrence of these fractures be discussed in addition to that of fluoride treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Ultrastructural and crystallographic study of calcifications from a patient with CREST syndrome.

An ultrastructural and crystallographic study was done on calcium deposits obtained from a patient with the CREST syndrome. Optical microscopy showed that large calcific cutaneous deposits seemed to have developed in a dense connective tissue without any inflammatory reaction. The oldest lesions contained heterotopic bone. Electron microscopy showed that calcium deposit, in the slightly mineralized fibers, was located at the center of the elastic fibers. The calcifications were surgically removed and studies were performed on the rough products and, after heating, using x-ray crystallography, differential thermal analysis and quantitative chemical analysis. Our results showed that this cutaneous calcification is a B type carbonated apatite.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Singh femoral index in vertebral osteoporosis].

In 48 patients with osteoporosis and at least one vertebral fracture, the Singh vertebral index, which assesses the femoral trabeculation, was compared to the Meunier vertebral radiologic index, which is determined according to the number and severity of vertebral deformations. The femoral index was abnormal in all patients. However, the threshold level, set by Singh at Stage IV, which supposedly discriminates between subjects with and without osteoporosis could not be confirmed as one-third of the patients with at least one vertebral fracture were Stage V. A statistically significant correlation was found between the femoral index and the vertebral radiological index.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Mononuclear phagocytes, prostanoids and rheumatoid arthritis.

We describe a new, simple procedure for obtaining and studying mononuclear phagocytes from inflammatory synovial fluid. The viability and functional characteristics of these macrophages have been carefully checked. This technique has been used to evaluate the macrophagic synthesis of prostaglandins in 16 patients with evolutive rheumatoid arthritis. Significant amounts of prostaglandins, mainly PGE2 and TxB2, are released and increased after zymosan administration. The three tested prostaglandins (PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TxB2) responded in a similar manner. The in vitro PG biosynthesis and the number of harvested adherent cells are negatively correlated with the synovial fluid volume but positively correlated with the disease activity. In fact, we found an heterogeneity among the analyzed macrophages; these can be divided into two populations with marked differences in their PG biosynthesis. The one with the highest synthesis corresponded to the more severe disease.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1982

[The hemophilic femoropatellar joint].

The knee is the joint most frequently involved in haemophilia. Femoro-tibial damage in chronic arthropathies has been perfectly described. By contrast, lesions of the patella (with the exception of "squaring") have been reported in only a few scanty publications. An attempt was made to define the characteristics by clinical and radiological study (including in addition to lateral films, an analysis of 30, 60 and 90 degrees axial views, even though these were often made difficult by flexion deformity and joint limitation). Femoro-patellar involvement was seen to be very frequent with various lesions: rarely "squaring", and more often patellar erosions or femoro-patellar incongruence (either pre-existing dysplasia or secondary to haemarthrosis) and sometimes actual incarceration (described as "locked patella" by anglo-saxon authors). These concepts are left to have practical consequences in the management of physiotherapy, synoviorthesis and surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Mononucleated phagocytes from rheumatoid synovial fluid. Synthesis of prostanoids and first pharmacological applications].

An original and easily reproducible technique for isolating and culturating mononucleated phagocytes from rheumatoid synovial fluid was used by the authors to study the synthesis of PGE2, PGF alpha 2 and TxB2 by macrophages taken from 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The functional importance of these macrophages was evaluated by comparing their ratios of prostaglandin synthesis. PGE2 and TxB2 are released in large quantities and are increased after stimulation with zymosan. Two distinct cell populations having different biochemical characteristics were identified from these macrophages based on their capacity to synthesize prostaglandins. Prostaglandin synthesis was correlated with the clinical progression of rheumatoid arthritic disease as evaluated by Lee's index and the time required to loosen up morning joint stiffness in these patients. No correlation was found between prostaglandin synthesis and the quantity of synovial fluid in the affected joint. The first results of a pharmacological study evaluating the activity of non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs using this experimental model are presented here. The addition of indomethacin to culture medium produces dose-dependent inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Plasma lipoperoxides and aging. Critical assessment of the thiobarbituric acid method for the measurement of lipoperoxides and malondialdehyde.

Thiobarbituric acid reactive products were measured in plasma of 66 normal subjects ranging from 19 to 92 years of age. A significant correlation (r = 0.54, p less than 10(-6) was formed between the level of these metabolites and the age of the subjects. As a matter of fact this method analyzes two kinds of substances from two different origins, free malondialdehyde or lipid peroxides. These two fractions were identified by extracting lipids using Folch's method and leaving all free malondialdehyde in the plasma (95.6 +/- 11.8% recovery for a known amount added to the plasma). Plasma analysis prior to and after extraction showed that thiobarbituric acid reactive products were lipid peroxides for 74.8 +/- 4.3%, the remainder being free malondialdehyde. The origin of these two fractions is discussed.

Adult↗