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Biomedical subjects

F Blanc

Publications and source records attributed to F Blanc.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Efficacy and safety of roxithromycin in treating paediatric patients. A European multicentre study.

Roxithromycin sachets of 50 mg were given to 304 infants and children, aged 2 months to 14 years, suffering from respiratory and skin infections treated in 25 hospitals in France and one in Greece. The dosage range was from 2.5 to 5.0 mg/kg/12 h and the mean duration of therapy was 8.9 days. The cure rate was 89% of the 266 children evaluable for clinical efficacy and 90.3% of the 50 bacteriologically identified cases. The overall bacteriological efficacy was 82%. The antibiotic was well accepted by the 90% of the 304 children, while in 6.9% an adverse effect was reported, mainly vomiting. There were no toxic effects. Roxithromycin should be considered as an effective and safe oral antibiotic to treat children with upper and lower respiratory tract and skin infections due to common pathogens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

An evaluation of tolerance of roxithromycin in adults.

This review deals with tolerance of a new macrolide, roxithromycin from data collected from a number of studies in adults. A total of 2917 adults, 2519 given roxithromycin 150 mg bid, were recruited into 17 multicentre comparative or non-comparative studies. Nine studies were double-blind, against doxycycline, erythromycin estolate (EES), lymecycline or cephradine. Overall the drug was well tolerated: side-effects possibly or probably related to roxithromycin were noted in only 4.1% (120/2917) of all patients, and in 3.1% (15/480) of elderly subjects. The gastrointestinal tolerance of roxithromycin was significantly better than that of doxycycline in four trials, and better than that of erythromycin ethylsuccinate in one study. The incidence of drug-related liver function test abnormalities following roxithromycin therapy was low and compared favourably with data published on erythromycin. Roxithromycin shows a satisfactory safety profile at the recommended daily dosage of 150 mg bid in adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Long term results after portal disconnection of the esophagus using an anastomotic button for bleeding esophageal varices in cirrhosis.

From 1968 to 1984, 250 patients with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices underwent portal disconnection of the esophagus using either Murphy's button (before 1974) or an esophageal device developed by one of the authors (after 1974). One hundred and thirty-four patients underwent operation on an elective basis and 116 underwent emergency procedures. With the use of Child's classification, 62 patients were class A, 125 were class B and 63, class C. The over-all operative mortality rate was 24.4 per cent but this varied with the hepatic functional status and whether or not the operation was done on an elective or emergency basis. The long term survival rates were 53 per cent at one year, 36 per cent at three years, 24 per cent at five years and 8 per cent at ten years. Ninety-six per cent of the patients were without proved recurrent esophageal bleeding at one year, 88 per cent at three years, 79 per cent at five years and 66 per cent at ten years. Portal disconnection of the esophagus using an anastomotic button is a simple and effective procedure which can benefit many patients with cirrhosis who undergo an operation for bleeding varices on an elective or emergency basis. It constitutes an efficacious prophylactic means for preventing recurrent bleeding from esophageal varices.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1985

[Latent myocardiopathy in chronic alcoholic patients with or without hepatic involvement].

Infraclinical myocardial lesions were searched for in patients with various types of liver disease due to chronic alcoholic intoxication. During a single procedure, a transjugular liver and right endoventricular biopsy and hemodynamic evaluation were performed in 26 patients without clinical evidence of cardiac involvement. Patients were classified into 5 groups: I, no liver disease (n = 4); II, fatty liver (n = 7); III, acute alcoholic hepatitis (n = 3); IV, cirrhosis (n = 7); V, cirrhosis with alcoholic hepatitis (n = 5). The study also included the determination of the serum thiamine level, a 24 h non-stop EKG recording and a M mode echocardiography. The cardiac-thoracic ratio, the EKG and Holter monitoring were normal. The serum thiamine levels decreased regularly from group I to group V, but there was no significant difference between patients with cirrhosis (group IV and V) and the others (group I to III). The same findings applied to the echocardiographic data. At rest, hemodynamic data were normal in all patients. Various degrees of myocardial lesions were present in 86 p. 100 of the cases. They included: cellular hypertrophy, contraction bands, interstitial fibrosis, fibroblastic infiltrate, perinuclear, cellular and or interstitial edema. Although frequent, these lesions were moderate and not specific. No correlation was found between the myocardial lesions and the type of liver disease. Myocardial lesions without cardiac manifestations have therefore been observed in vivo in nearly all patients with chronic alcoholic intoxication. These lesions were not correlated with the stage of alcoholic liver disease.

Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic↗
PubMed1984

[Hemorrhagic portal hypertension with soft liver].

Over 14 years the authors have observed 6 adults with a special form of portal hypertension revealed by massive gastrointestinal hemorrhages due to rupture of voluminous esophageal varices. Though first suggested by huge enlargement of the spleen (5 out of 6 cases), cirrhosis was eventually discounted by laparoscopy and laparotomy. The liver was of normal volume, smooth (never nodular) and above all soft to the touch, to the biopsy needle and to the surgeon's hand. The histologic lesions of the liver were minimal and heterogeneous: fibrosis without cirrhosis (2 cases), isolated and mild steatosis (2 cases), one non-specific lymphohistiocytic granuloma (2 cases), moderate myeloid metaplasia (2 cases), hepatic siderosis without fibrosis (1 case), sinusoidal congestion (3 cases). Normality of the portal vein was evidenced by angiography (5 cases) or inferred from the elevated porta-caval gradient (1 case), and was confirmed once on autopsy. Sus-hepatic catheterization was performed in every case and provided the following information: right atrial pressure always normal, sus-hepatic veins normal, porta-caval gradient normal or slightly elevated in 4 patients (suggesting presinusoidal block) and obviously elevated in the other two (as in post-sinusoidal block). The minimal histologic lesions of the liver, the normality of the portal vein, the lack of sus-hepatic obstruction, and the variable porta-caval gradient make it impossible to localize the obstacle (if any) and thus say what is the mechanism of portal hypertension with soft liver. In the absence of elevated splenic inflow, this hypertension has to be classified as essential or idiopathic. Soft consistency of the liver has never been reported before in such cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Regional pancreatectomy in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Apropos of 41 cases].

Out of 88 carcinomas of the pancreas observed from 1973 through 1981, 41 regional total (19 patients) or subtotal (22 patients) pancreatectomies were performed. Routine histological examination of 12 lymph nodes areas and pancreatic peritoneal involvement were used to determine three stages: 1) stage I without metastatic lymph nodes involvement (18 patients), 2) stage II with peripancreatic metastatic lymph node involvement (14 patients), 3) stage III with pedicular and/or retroperitoneal metastatic lymph node and/or peritoneal involvement. Six patients died in the postoperative period (14.6 p. 100). Complications were infections (11 patients), pancreatic anastomotic leakage after subtotal pancreatectomy (11 patients), digestive bleeding (8 patients). No patients need insulin two months after subtotal pancreatectomy. After total pancreatectomy diabetes mellitus was controlled by 0.30 UI/kg/day of insulin (mean). The three years survival was 38 p. 100 (Kaplan-Meier). In the author's experience, regional pancreatectomy seems to be the best surgical procedure in patients with carcinoma of the pancreas except in patients with poor general condition, age over 75, and stage III.

Adenocarcinoma↗