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Biomedical subjects

F A Oski

Publications and source records attributed to F A Oski.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Relationship of iron status to urinary norepinephrine excretion in children 7-12 years of age.

In a group of 7- to 12-year-old children without manifest clinical iron deficiency, urinary excretion of free norepinephrine was found to have substantial positive correlation with measure of total iron-binding capacity and negative correlation with serum ferritin. Results support earlier reports of an inverse contingency between iron status and urinary norepinephrine level as observed with severe iron lack, findings consistent with speculation that monoamine oxidase activity may be modified by iron availability.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1981

Iron sufficiency with prolonged exclusive breast-feeding in Peruvian infants.

Serum ferritin and erythrocyte porphyrin concentrations were measured in seven Peruvian infants, who ranged in age from 7.5-12.0 months (mean: 9.3 months), who had been exclusively breast-fed all their lives. No infant had evidence of iron deficiency as reflected by a reduced serum ferritin, or an increased erythrocyte porphyrin. Mean serum ferritin and erythrocyte porphyrin values in these seven infants were similar to those of 40 nonanemic, noniron-deficient U.S. infants who ranged in age from 9 to 12 months, on a mixed diet. These findings illustrate that exclusively breast-feeding an infant for at least 9 months of life meets the iron requirements of the full-term infant.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1981

Transfusion nomogram: an application of physiology to clinical decisions regarding the use of blood.

A nomogram has been prepared that depicts relationships between cardiac output (Q), oxygen consumption (Vo2), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), the position of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, the oxygen saturation of arterial blood (SaO2), and the partial pressure of oxygen in the mixed venous blood (PVO2). Examples are provided to illustrate how this nomogram may be employed to facilitate decisions regarding the need for blood transfusions in patients in whom oxygen delivery may be impaired.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of iron absorption from human milk by baby food.

We measured the effect of a common baby food, strained pears, on the absorption of iron from human milk. Five adult subjects were initially fed 1 dL of human milk that contained added ferrous citrate Fe 59; the same subjects were later fed human milk and one jar of baby food. Incorporation of 59Fe into RBCs averaged approximately one quarter of the administered iron from the human milk. When the milk was combined with the baby food, incorporation was significantly decreased. The addition of a supplemental food to the diet of the breast-fed infant impairs the bioavailability of the iron from human milk.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

RBC values in low-birth-weight infants during the first seven weeks of life.

Hemoglobin, RBC mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and other RBC indices were studied in a group of 40 infants, each with a birth weight of less than 1,500 g. Results indicated that the hemoglobin level fell from 18.2 +/- 2.7 g/dL at birth to a low of 9.5 +/- 1.5 g/dL at 6 weeks of age. During this time, the MCV declined from 115 +/- fentoliters (fL) to 97 +/- 5 fL and did not again rise as the hemoglobin stabilized. Although the decline in MCV may simply reflect an aging RBC population, these data raise the possibility that RBC size may in part be determined by postnatal factors independent of time from conception.

Erythrocyte Indices↗
PubMed1980

Anemia due to inadequate iron sources or poor iron utilization.

Anemias due to dietary iron deficiency and poor iron utilization have some features in common. In both, the anemia is hypochromic and microcytic. Also in both, the levels of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin are increased, even though many of the causes of ineffective iron utilization are actually associated with normal or increased iron stores. Appropriate use of currently available assays, including a determination of the level of serum ferritin, can distinguish between many of these disorders. Above all, a logical approach with attention to the clinical response to treatment with iron medications will help achieve a rapid diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Anemia with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis.

The hematologic values in patients with Haemophilus influenzae meningitis were contrasted with those of patients with other types of bacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis in an attempt to determine whether anemia is either specific for or more common in patients with H influenzae meningitis. Patients with H influenzae meningitis had significantly lower admission hemoglobin values because they were significantly younger than the other two groups. The H influenzae meningitis patients with the lowest hemoglobin values on admission had been sicker for longer periods prior to diagnosis and had higher initial white cell counts. Patients with H influenzae meningitis, aged 3 to 24 months, developed lower hemoglobin values during hospitalization than did patients with other forms of meningitis. Anemia occurs with all forms of bacterial meningitis but is uncommon in aseptic meningitis. The anemia observed in patients with H influenzae meningitis, particularly those less than 2 years of age, is generally more severe than that observed in other forms of bacterial meningitis.

Anemia↗
PubMed1980

Breast-feeding reduces incidence of hospital admissions for infection in infants.

The prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding among infants 0 to 3 months of age in a community was contrasted with the prevalence of breast-feeding among infants hospitalized for the presence of presumed or established infections. During a one-year period, 136 infants, 0 to 3 months of age, were admitted to the hospital. Among the hospitalized group, only 11.0% were being exclusively breast-fed as contrasted with an expected frequency of 25.2% based on community feeding patterns. No bacterial infections were documented among the breast-fed group while 27 bacterial infections were documented among 121 non-breast-fed infants. This survey indicates that exclusively breast-feeding during the first three months of life significantly reduces the incidence of infections that ultimately require hospitalization of infants.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1979

RBC surface pits in the sickle hemoglobinopathies.

Functional asplenia develops in children with sickle cell anemia. This asplenia is related to the increased incidence of bacterial sepsis that has been documented in these patients. With the use of direct-interference contrast microscopy to quantitate splenic function, we studied children with the sickle hemoglobinopathies. A gradual increase in splenic dysfunction with increasing age was documented in children with homozygous sickle cell disease. Children with the sickle variants also seem to manifest degrees of splenic dysfunction. Direct-interference contrast microscopy is a simple quantitative technique for the evaluation of splenic function in children with the sickle hemoglobinopathies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Abnormal erythrocyte metabolism in hepatic disease: effect of NADP repletion.

Erythrocytes from ten patients with severe liver disease displayed low methylene blue-stimulated hexose monophosphate (HMP) shunt activity and glucose recycling despite elevated total glucose consumption when compared to controls. Heinz body formation was increased and reduced glutathione concentration significantly decreased. After hemolysis, no differences in methylene-blue estimulated HMP shunt activity or glucose recycling could be demonstrated between patients and controls. The addition of 2- and 4-mM NADP to the hemolysates produced significantly greater HMP shunt activity and glucose recycling in the patients' hemolysates. The addition of NADPH to the incubation mixture produced no significant stimulation of either HMP shunt activity or glucose recycling, unless methylene blue was also added. Omission of NAD or phosphate from the incubation mixture produced no change in shunt metabolism. The absence of supplemental ATP resulted in extremely low shunt metabolism and refractoriness to NADP stimulation in both patients and controls. In the absence of additional magnesium, a reduction of shunt metabolism was noted. These data suggest that the defect in stimulated shunt metabolism in the intact erythrocytes of patients with hepatic disease does not result from an absolute enzyme deficiency, but rather from an unavailability of NADP or other cofactor.

Adult↗