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Biomedical subjects

F A Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to F A Murphy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Electron microscopic and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. II. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in the family Bunyaviridae.

This is the second of three papers describing the use of electron microscopy and antigenic analyses intended to characterize and place in taxa more than 60 previously unclassified viruses. The first paper of the series describes the viruses we classified as provisional members of the families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae; another paper, published separately, discusses the Rhabdoviridae. In this paper we report that electron microscopy provided sufficient evidence to place 17 of these viruses (Belem, Erve, Estero Real, Mojui dos Campos, Nyando, Odrenisrou, Okola, Pacora, Para, Santarem, Tanga, Telok Forest, Termeil, Thiafora, Thottapalayam, Wanowrie, and Yacaaba) in the family Bunyaviridae and to support the observations of others that Yogue and Kasokero viruses are members of this virus family. Subsequent antigenic studies allowed us to place some of these viruses in recognized antigenic groups and to establish new antigenic groups for others.

Bunyaviridae↗
PubMed1989

Electron microscopic and antigenic studies of uncharacterized viruses. III. Evidence suggesting the placement of viruses in the family Reoviridae.

This is the last of three papers describing the use of electron microscopy and antigenic tests intended to characterize and place in taxa more than 60 previously unclassified viruses. The first paper describes the viruses we classified as members of the families Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, or Poxviridae. The second paper describes those classified as members of the virus family Bunyaviridae. Another paper, published separately, discusses viruses classified as members of the family Rhabdoviridae. In this paper we report that electron microscopy provided sufficient evidence to provisionally place 14 viruses in the family Reoviridae. By using serologic methods, we placed Minnal virus in the Umatilla serogroup and established new antigenic groups for seven other viruses (Ieri, Picola, Arkonam, Tembe, Fomede, Wongorr, and Gomoka). No antigenic relationships were determined for six other viruses (Andasibe, Itupiranga, Kammavanpettai, Lake Clarendon, Matucare, and Ndelle) provisionally placed in the family Reoviridae.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The epidemiology of infectious diseases of livestock.

From the time of the first modern studies of infectious diseases, by Koch, Pasteur, Theiler and their colleagues, it has been clear that laboratory investigation must be complemented by epidemiologic investigation. The measurement of all aspects of the natural history of a disease in naturally affected populations is necessary if we are to rationally design control regimens. Building upon a historic perspective, this paper presents a view of the present status of epidemiology as it pertains to animal disease control, and presents a view of the merits of expanding the use of this science in future animal disease control programs, internationally, in developed and developing countries. The basis for this view lies in adaptation of principles employed in human infectious disease epidemiology, and principles which guide the organization of international disease control agencies.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Detection of DNA and RNA virus genomes in organ systems of whole mice: patterns of mouse organ infection by polyomavirus.

A technique which detects viral DNA or RNA in situ in the organ systems of whole mice is described. Frozen thin sections from whole mice were transferred directly to nitrocellulose and hybridized to labeled viral DNA, allowing the detection of viral DNA or RNA. By this procedure, polyomavirus infection of newborn mice inoculated intranasally was followed. We found that the initial inoculum could be detected in the nasal cavity, lungs, and stomach lining after a 5-h absorption period. Primary replication of virus was observed in the nasal cavity, submaxillary gland, and lungs, followed by a systemic phase of infection in which the liver, spleen, kidney, and large colon also became infected. Viral RNA as well as DNA could also be detected as shown by infecting mice intracerebrally with vesicular stomatitis virus. Vesicular stomatitis virus-specific RNA was observed only in the brains of these mice. It is most likely that this technique can be applied to general molecular studies of mice. With this method we should be able to detect all viruses, bacteria, plasmids, and organ-specific transcripts to which a cloned probe exists.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever in Dubai: histopathological studies.

Necropsies were carried out on two patients who died of Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever (C-CHF) in Dubai. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of C-CHF virus from the liver. Histopathological changes included extensive cellular necrosis and haemorrhage in the liver, necrosis and lymphoid depletion in the spleen, congestion and oedema formation in the lungs, and haemorrhage in a number of other organs.

Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean↗
PubMed1980

Everglades virus infection in man, 1975.

Within 72 hours of visiting the Everglades National Park in south Florida, a 43-year-old man became ill with fever, malaise, myalgia, severe headache, pharyngitis, and enlarged, tender lymph nodes. Everglades (Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, subtype II) virus was isolated from a blood sample drawn from the patient five days after onset of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the poxvirus Cotia.

The poxvirus Cotia was studied by electron microscopy and by serological and biochemical analyses. Thin-sectioned preparations of infected Vero cells indicated that Cotia virus morphogenesis was similar to other mammalian poxviruses; unique filamentous structures and inclusion matrices were apparent in the cytoplasm. Complement fixation tests that included purified Cotia virions showed a reciprocal cross-reaction with rabbit myxoma virus and no cross-reaction with vaccinia virus. Serological results coupled with gradient polyacrylamide gel electropherograms of the structural proteins of purified Cotia, vaccinia, myxoma and fibroma viruses suggested that Cotia virus was similar to the latter two viruses. Agarose gel electropherograms of cleavage fragments of each of these virus DNAs digested with three separate restriction endonucleases showed that each of these viruses had a unique DNA gel profile.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Tataguine virus infection in mice and hamsters.

Suckling hamsters, weanling and suckling mice, inoculated intracerebrally with Tataguine virus consistently developed fatal infections with average survival time of 3-8 days. Deaths were observed in a few suckling hamsters infected by the intraperitoneal route. Infectivity assays and fluorescent antibody staining of organs of infected hamsters showed that the brain was the only organ in which viral replication occurred. Histopathological lesions found in the brain of such mice and hamsters infected by intracerebral or intraperitoneal inoculations included neuronal degeneration and necrosis, interstitial and perivascular oedema of the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord, leucocytic infiltration and perivascular cuffing. Thin section electron microscopy of infected mouse brains revealed the presence of bunyavirus-like particles within the cytoplasmic vacuoles of neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental chronic rabies in the cat.

Two cats, inoculated with a street rabies virus strain, survived with only some progressive debility and atrophy of musculature in the injected limb for 136 weeks. They had continuously increasing titers of neutralizing antibody in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid, and terminally they had high antibody titers in the brain. Virus was isolated from two brain specimens of one cat obtained at necropsy; isolation was successful only by explant culture and inoculation of explanted tissue into mice. Virus antigen was detected in eight sites in the brain and spinal cord of the same cat by frozen-section immunofluorescence. Lesions in the central nervous system consisted of neuronal degeneration and neuronophagia, associated with the prescence of inclusion bodies and widespread inflammatory cell inflitration into brain and spinal cord parenchyma, perineuronal sites, and perivascular spaces. The inflitrates contained lymphocytes, monocytes-macrophages, and a high proportion of plasma cells. These experimental cases of chronic progressive rabies resembled more closely subacute sclerosing panecephalitis of man than the usual subacute fatal rabies encephalitis of man and other mammalian species.

Animals↗