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Biomedical subjects

E Zimmermann

Publications and source records attributed to E Zimmermann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Psychiatric symptoms, cognitive stress and vulnerability factors. A study in a remand prison.

In a consecutive sample of 208 male prisoners interviewed on the tenth day (T1) after entry, high levels of psychiatric symptoms as measured by the GHQ were recorded. These GHQ scores were strongly correlated with perceived worries and concerns of the prisoners ('cognitive stress'). After 60 days of detention (T2), a significant fall in GHQ scores was observed, and they were still correlated with cognitive stress. A significant negative correlation between cognitive stress at T1 and GHQ scores at T2 was observed. The relationship between potential vulnerability factors (life experiences, social network, personality factors) and GHQ scores was not strong at either T1 or T2. Psychiatric symptoms are common during the early phase of imprisonment but are not durable.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1988

Erythropoiesis in chronic subdural haematomas.

In 41 out of 130 encapsulated chronic subdural haematomas erythroblasts were found. As there were no skull fractures and no erythroblasts were found in peripheral blood smears, it is concluded, that these colonies of erythroblasts originate from the granulation tissue during the formation of membranes. The actual output of mature erythrocytes is not known. The influence of erythroblasts on the clinical course of chronic subdural haematomas is uncertain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Variations in vocal patterns of Senegal and South African lesser bushbabies and their implications for taxonomic relationships.

Vocalizations of Senegal and South African lesser bushbabies were compared with respect to their acoustic properties analysed from spectrograms and oscillograms. Homologous calls could be identified within comparable functional categories. Considerable similarities were revealed in most of the noisy vocalizations associated with aggressive, defensive or anxiety and alarm behaviour. Striking divergences were detected, however, in almost all of the tonal or harmonic call types given in association with contact or contact-seeking, defensive or alarm behaviour. The results provide strong support for the separation of the two forms into distinct species, Galago senegalensis and Galago moholi.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Center-specific variations of thyroid hormone serum levels in hemodialysis patients.

Thyroid hormone (free and total thyroxine, total 3,5,3'- and 3,3'5'-triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin, thyrotropin) serum concentrations were measured in 107 uremic patients of 4 hemodialysis centers, in order to study the prevalence of hypothyroidism in hemodialysis patients. In accordance with the clinical impression there was no laboratory evidence of thyroid dysfunction. In spite of the fact that all patients had the expected low-T3 syndrome, there were highly significant differences between the mean thyroid hormone concentrations of the 4 different centers. The center with the highest thyroid hormone levels (all normal except for borderline low 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) also had the lowest urea levels, indicating the relatively best metabolic control. One center had significantly lower hormone levels than the other 3 centers (all hormones except free thyroxine were below normal) with urea levels that did not differ significantly from one of these centers. A retrospective analysis of patients and of the techniques of dialysis of 3 centers excluded factors like heparin or the length of time on dialysis to be the reason for the low values of this center. Finally, only the significantly higher proportion of unsuccessfully transplanted patients and some technical differences (lack of water treatment, regenerated cellulose as dialyser membrane, and low magnesium content in the dialysate) unique for this center remained as possible factors that may speculatively explain the observed low thyroid hormone values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Demonstration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in neurons of the mouse spinal dorsal horn.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-like immunoreactivity was demonstrated in neurons within the superficial laminae (I, II, III) of the mouse spinal dorsal horn by light-microscopic peroxidase immunocytochemistry. The immunoreactivity was distributed in a narrow dorsoventral band that enclosed the substantia gelatinosa (lamina II), with a higher concentration along the lamina II/III border. At present, the functional significance of these neurons is unknown. Their existence within the substantia gelatinosa suggests a role in sensory information processing.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Medical consultation and drug use in preventive detention at the Champ-Dolon prison].

The objective of this analysis is to call attention to several factors which may account for the frequency of medical consultations and the extensive intake of medication during the first two months of preventive custody at the Champ-Dollon prison. The results of this study, substantiated by the number of consultations granted and prescriptions filled, indicate that there has been prompt and extensive medical action. This heavy medical care is only partially explained by its significant association with the usual medical care received prior to imprisonment and by the psychosomatic symptoms manifested early in the detention period. The characteristics of those under study-connected with toxicomania, psychopathy and recidivism-are also greatly responsible for extensive use of medical services during detention.

Drug Prescriptions↗
PubMed1985

A modified hydroxylapatite implant material. A preliminary report.

Hydroxylapatite implants are becoming widely used, but this new material is not without its drawbacks. These mainly concern its physical characteristics, complicating and limiting its clinical applications. A method of altering these with fibrin adhesives is described and early laboratory and clinical experience is presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Closure of osteochondral lesions using chondral fragments and fibrin adhesive.

In 75 knee joints of 46 adult rabbits osteochondral defects of 4 mm diameter were placed by a drill reaching the cancellous bone. Twenty-three defects were left untreated, or closed by collagen foam or fibrin adhesive, or a combination of both. Fifty-two defects were closed with very small autologous cartilage fragments and a special fibrin adhesive. The adhesive differed from commercially supplied types by digested alpha chain of fibrinogen for increase in concentration, and by the addition of alpha-2-macroglobulin as protease-inhibitor. In most cases small pieces of collagen foam were added for hemostasis. In the first group of 23 joints observed over up to 40 weeks, no hyaline cartilage was found histologically in any of the defects. In the second group a rapid proliferation of chondrocytes appeared with development of hyaline cartilage with alcianblue-positive matrix. It resembled juvenile cartilage in its histologic appearance and with regard to the induction of ossification. The phenomenon is interpreted as a "second adolescence" of the adult cartilage induced by the rich nutritional and oxygen supply from the cancellous vessels, which resembles the environmental conditions before the forming of subchondral cortical bone at the end of the growth period. This method enabled us to achieve a complete closure of defects by hyaline cartilage on the very level of the surrounding articular surface.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[The evolution of the coagulation system from primitive defense mechanisms].

Sequence analysis shoes that the probability of amino acid substitution in a particular protein is a constant function of time. The appearance of specific marker proteins within the phylogenetic system serves as "molecular clock", indicating the time of divergence of any species from a common ancestor. The circulatory system represents an adaption of coelom liquid from animals such as primitive metazoans, poriferes, coralles and coelenterates to the more effectiv transport system in higher animals. Amoebocytes are the predecessor of macrophages and leucocytes. During the development of higher organized animals, thrombocytes or platelets arise from such a common ancestor, the haemocytes. Fibrinogen, as a clottable protein, develops from a structurally related coagulogen of primitive arthropods. In comparison to cytochrom C or collagen, it is a phylogenetically young protein. In early evolution haemostatic problems were solved in primitive animals by the tryptic activation of coagulogen, inducing a slow polymerisation process or by the direct formation of a covalently linked protein network by the activity of ligases. Both enzymes are preserved during phylogenesis and are comparable with thrombin and factor XIII in higher developed vertebrates. The two-domain evolution of serine proteases, comprising binding site and the reactive serine, leads finally to the complete cascade of clotting enzymes to adapt the circulatory system to the increased demands for haemostatic protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effects of morphine dependence, withdrawal and tolerance on prolactin and growth hormone secretion in the rat.

The effects of morphine dependence and withdrawal on prolactin (Prl) and growth hormone (GH) secretion were examined in the rat. Morphine dependence, induced by morphine pellet implantation, had no effect on nonstress concentrations of plasma Prl or GH, but it potentiated the response of Prl secretion to the stress associated with blood collection + injection of saline. Naloxone-induced withdrawal had no demonstrable effect on the changes in Prl and GH secretion produced by stress. In addition, signs of tolerance to both the Prl- and GH -stimulating effects of morphine injection were observed in morphine-dependent rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Fibronectin is apparently not involved in species-specific reaggregation of cells from the marine sponge geodia cydonium.

Experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that fibronectin is involved in reaggregation of dissociated sponge cells. Cells from the siliceous sponge Geodia cydonium were extracted with urea to solubilize fibronectin from cells of higher multicellular organisms. The crude extract was further fractionated by DNA, heparin, and collagen affinity chromatography; they were termed Geodia fibronectin like fractions. The fibronectin like fractions contained a series of proteins with molecular weights different from that of the genuine fibronectin. The Geodia fibronectin like fractions did not react with antiserum, produced against human fibronectin, under formation of a precipitin line. Using this antiserum the sponge cells could not be specifically labeled with FITC-anti-IgG antiserum. Radioimmunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the Geodia fractions contain--if at all--0.1% fibronectin or fibronectin like protein at the most. In the crucial experiments it was shown that the Geodia fibronectinlike fractions, human fibronectin, and antifibronectin antiserum exerted no influence on adhesion of Geodia cells either in the absence or in the presence of the soluble aggregation factor. Based on these findings, we conclude that fibronectin is apparently not present on Geodia cells and does not play a role in aggregation of this biological system.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

["Abnormal reaction" or cultural misunderstandings? A contribution to the improvement of medical care to children of migrant labourers in the FRG (author's transl)].

The overproportional rate of medical treatment of foreign children in the private practice of paediatricians and in the paediatric hospitals imposes very often special difficulties on our medical care system. These difficulties do not only result from the language barrier but also from the vast difference between the illness concepts of our medical system which bases in natural science, and the traditional concepts of the prescientific medical layman system of the foreign patients. Because of the doctors ignorance in these different cultural forms of understanding, feeling and expression of illness, as well as in the specific attitudes to the body, shown by members--specially women and girls--of the South European an Asia Minor societies, it leads often to deep misunderstandings in the doctor-patient-relation and therefore to false diagnosis and wrong treatment. This should be demonstrated in one case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The significance of transcellular transport kinetics of urea and creatinine for haemodialysis (author's transl)].

Transport kinetics of urea and creatinine across the cell wall was investigated on the model of azotaemic erythrocytes. Urea was found to pass rapidly across the cell membrane whilst the transport of creatinine is delayed to a calculated half time of approximately 12 minutes. Transport of metabolites play an important role in dialysis efficacy. the significance of transcellular transport kinetics of different molecules with respect to dialysis strategy is discussed.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1981

[The importance of aerobic spore-forming Bacillaceae in routine demonstration of microorganisms (author's transl)].

According to our studies the number of spore-forming bacilli at the average amounts to 2 to 15% within the air and food flora. Due to their presence in the air they can contaminate test samples. Likewise it is to be taken into consideration that they can cause pathological changes in susceptible organisms. In our laboratory we isolated aerobic bacilli from biological material in seven cases whereby pathogenicity was established in five cases thereof.

Aerobiosis↗