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Biomedical subjects

E Yilmaz

Publications and source records attributed to E Yilmaz.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

HLA antigens and linkage disequilibrium patterns in Turkish Behçet's patients.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder featuring mucocutaneous, ocular, articular, vascular, intestinal, pulmonary, and neurologic involvement. Although the pathogenesis of the disease is still unknown, most studies have proposed that immunologic factors may play a major role in its development in genetically predisposed individuals. Seventy-one Turkish patients with BD, diagnosed according to the International Study Group for Behçet's Disease criteria, were studied and compared with 600 healthy controls to determine not only frequencies of HLA-A, B, and DR antigens but also whether BD shows any distinct linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns. In addition, three-point linkage disequilibrium and relative risk (RR) values were determined. Of the HLA-A, B, and DR antigens examined, only B5 (51) was significantly increased in the patient group (X2 = 55.4; p < 0.05; RR = 6.44). DR7 was significantly decreased in the patient group (X2 = 6.9; p > 0.05; RR = 0.31). HLA haplotype B5-DR5 was found to be in negative LD in the control group, but Behçet's patients showed a strong positive LD between these two antigens. HLA haplotypes A2-B12, B5-DR2, and B12-DR4 showed negative LD in the patients; A1-B5 and B5-DR5 had positive LD in the patients. HLA haplotype A2-B5-DR5 was found to be more frequent than expected in both patients and control groups. A2-B12-DR4 showed a negative LD in the patients. The strong LD patterns between HLA-B and DR antigens in BD suggest that the susceptibility gene to BD could reside between the these two antigens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

The levels of plasma interleukin-2 and soluble interleukin-2R in Behçet's disease: a marker of disease activity.

It is well known that patients with Behçet's disease (BD) have an activated immune system, probably mediated by soluble factors in the circulation. The purpose of our study was to examine the roles of plasma interleukin-2 (IL-2) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) in the pathogenesis of BD. Thirty-two patients with BD diagnosed according to the Criteria of the International Study Group for Behçet's Disease and 20 age-matched healthy persons were included in the study. The plasma levels of cytokines were measured by ELISA. Plasma levels of IL-2 and sIL-2R were increased in BD over controls, but the differences were not statistically significant. sIL-2R levels in patients with active disease were significantly higher than in either patients with inactive disease (p < 0.001) or the control group (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that the level of sIL-2R in BD seems to be related to disease activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A prospective randomized study of transurethral resection of the prostate and transurethral vaporization of the prostate as a therapeutic alternative in the management of men with BPH.

OBJECTIVE: The common goals of new surgical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are to improve subjective and objective symptoms, to decrease the risk of postoperative complications and short hospitalization. Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TUVP) is a new, minimally invasive and a promising alternative to standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of BPH. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of these two treatment alternatives. METHODS: A prospective randomized trial of 60 patients with symptomatic BPH was performed. Preoperative and postoperative International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum flow rates (Qmax) and complications were recorded in each patient. The volume of the prostate was measured preoperatively and postoperatively using transrectal ultrasound. RESULTS: Of the 30 patients who underwent TURP, mean hospital stay was 4.5 days. The Foley catheter was removed on postoperative day 4 following surgery. IPSS decreased from 21.6 to 5.2, Qmax increased from 9.2 to 19.2 ml/s at 3 months. Mean prostatic volume at 3 months decreased from 51.7 to 26.2 g, a 49.3% reduction. Of 30 patients undergoing TUVP, mean hospital stay was 2.5 days and the catheter was removed within 2 days following surgery. Postoperative urinary retention did not occur in any patient. IPSS decreased from 19.4 to 4.1 and Qmax increased from 7.9 to 17.7 ml/s at 3 months. Mean prostatic volume decreased from 48.9 to 27.8 g, a 43.1% reduction at 3 months. In the TUVP group, none of the patients required blood transfusions or developed clinical transurethral resection syndrome. There were no major complications. Sphincteric incontinence, urethral strictures or bladder neck contractures were not recorded. At 3 months postoperatively, 13 patients in the TURP group and 7 patients in the TUVP group had retrograde ejaculation. CONCLUSION: Our initial experience of TUVP suggests advantages over conventional TURP through reduced blood loss and shorter hospital stay. It appears to be an effective treatment for BPH; however, long-term results should be evaluated.

Electrosurgery↗
PubMed1997

Aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to infantile cartilaginous hamartoma of rib.

We report the first case, in a 4-month-old girl, of an aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to infantile cartilaginous hamartoma of the rib. Infantile cartilaginous hamartoma of the rib (benign mesenchymoma) is a large, expansile tumour that is characterised by cartilaginous, vascular and primitive-appearing stromal and mesenchymal elements. Most cases are diagnosed at less than 1 year of age and may even be congenital. Aneurysmal bone cyst may be a secondary lesion to pre-existing tumours such as giant cell tumours, osteoblastomas, angiomas and chondroblastomas. This unique case is presented with radiological and pathological findings.

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal↗
PubMed1997

Hyperkeratosis of the nipple: report of two cases.

Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola is a rare condition; its characteristic properties are verrucous thickening and brownish discoloration of the nipples and areola. The nevoid form of the disease is extremely rare, usually seen in women in the second or third decade of life. The nipple is seldom affected alone. We report two cases of the nevoid form of hyperkeratosis of the nipple. In both female patients, lesions developed after puberty and were confined to both nipples alone. One of the patients' lesions became darker and more verrucous during pregnancy, making breast feeding impossible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Cimetidine therapy for warts: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

BACKGROUND: Cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, has been used successfully to treat patients with mucocutaneous candidiasis, common variable immunodeficiency, herpes simplex, and herpes zoster because of its immunomodulatory effects. Recently, some trials have suggested that cimetidine may also be useful for the treatment of warts. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to determine whether cimetidine is effective in the treatment of warts. METHODS: Seventy patients with multiple warts were included in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Patients were randomly allocated to treatment groups equally. The groups received cimetidine, 25 to 40 mg/kg daily, or placebo for 3 months. Patients were examined at monthly intervals. RESULTS: At the end of the therapy, 28 cimetidine-treated and 26 placebo-treated patients were examined to determine the efficacy of treatment. Cure rates obtained were 32% (9 of 28) in the cimetidine-treated group and 30.7% (8 of 26) in the placebo-treated group. No significant difference was found between cimetidine and placebo in effectiveness (p = 0.85). CONCLUSION: Our results show that cimetidine is no more effective than placebo in the treatment of patients with common warts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Staging with computed tomography, transrectal ultrasonography and transurethral resection of bladder tumour: comparison with final pathological stage in invasive bladder carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the accuracy of clinical staging methods in patients with locally advanced bladder cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-five patients with invasive bladder cancer primarily staged using transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), computed tomography (CT) and transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT) were compared with the final pathological stage determined after radical cystectomy. RESULTS: Accurate staging was obtained by TRUS, CT and TURBT in 40, 35 and 46% of the patients, respectively. The rank correlation between primary clinical stage and final pathological stages was significant by all three methods, but not close. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study raise doubts about the assumed benefit of TRUS and CT in the clinical staging of invasive bladder tumours. These methods did not improve the findings obtained by TURBT alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Genomic structure of HOXD13 gene: a nine polyalanine duplication causes synpolydactyly in two unrelated families.

Synpolydactyly (SPD) is a limb malformation that shows a characteristic manifestation in both hands and feet. This condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance. We have recently mapped this locus centromeric to the HOXD8 intragenic marker and suggested the HOXD13 gene as a potential candidate for this condition. The genomic structure of HOXD13 established in this study consists of two exons that encodes a polypeptide of 335 amino acids. The downstream exon at the 3' end of this gene contains the homeodomain sequences that are highly conserved. Sixty-three bp upstream of this exon lies a stretch of intronic CA-repeats that proved to be polymorphic in two different populations. The upstream exon encodes 75% of the entire protein and contains a stretch of 15 normal alanines at its 5' end. Sequence comparison at this position in the homozygous affected individuals identified a total of 24 alanine residues that resulted from a duplication of nine polyalanines. In two unrelated SPD families, this duplication was directly transmitted from the affected parents to their affected, but not unaffected, offspring; in one family its size has remained constant for at least 150 years spanning over seven generations. The presence of this duplication confirmed the status of four normal gene carriers, one incomplete penetrance and two affected individuals who were recombinants for HOXD8 or HOXD13-CA repeat markers. This duplication was not present in 150 chromosomes of unrelated healthy subjects of two different populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Intermittent therapy with terbinafine for dermatophyte toe-onychomycosis: a new approach.

Terbinafine, an orally active antifungal agent of the allylamine class, is effective in the treatment of dermatophyte onycomycosis. Its pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties give strong support to the possibility that intermittent treatment courses may be equally effective in onychomycosis in general. The present randomized and controlled study was carried out to determine whether intermittent therapy with terbinafine was effective in dermatophyte toe-onychomycosis. Sixty patients with mycologically proven toenail dermatophyte onychomycosis were included in the study. Patients were equally allocated to treatment groups in a random manner. Group 1 was given 250 mg/day of terbinafine for 3 months. Group 2 was given 500 mg/day of terbinafine for 7 days during the first week of each month for 3 months. Nails were examined clinically and mycologically at monthly intervals. All patients were followed up for 48 weeks after starting the treatment. Of the patients who entered the study, 24 in Group I and 23 in Group 2 were evaluable for efficacy. At the end of the follow-up period, the cure rate (negative microscopy and culture) was 79.2% in Group 1 and 73.9% in Group 2; this difference was not significant (p: 0.79). The results indicate that intermittent therapy with terbinafine is as effective as 3-month treatment in dermatophyte toe-onychomycosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of the effects of intralesional interferon alfa-2a, 2b and the combination of 2a and 2b in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma.

Interferons (IFN), especially alfa-2a and 2b, are potent inhibitors of normal and malignant cell growth and effective choices in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the IFN alfa-2a and 2b, and whether this effect may be increased by their combination. A total of 45 patients with histopathologically confirmed BCC were divided into three groups, equally. Groups 1,2 and 3 were treated with intralesional IFN alfa-2a, 2b, and the combination of 2a and 2b, respectively. Lesions were injected three times weekly in Groups 1 and 2 (total ten injections). IFN alfa-2a and 2b were injected alternately in Group 3 (5 IFN alfa-2a and 5 IFN alfa-2b). Eight weeks after completion of therapy, cytologic specimens were taken, and all cases were evaluated clinically and cytologically. Ten (66.6%) patients had a complete response (CR) and 5 (33.3%) had a partial response (PR) in Group 1. Patients in Group 2 showed 10 (66.6%) CR, 4 (26.6%) PR, and 1 (6.6%) non response. In Group 3, 11 (73.3%) patients had CR and 4 (26.6%) had PR. Follow-up periods ranged from 6-24 months, and no recurrences have been observed. These results suggest that IFN alfa-2a, 2b, and the combination of 2a and 2b appear to be effective choices for the treatment of BCC; the effectiveness is not increased by their combination.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Intestinal endotoxins as co-factors of liver injury in obstructive jaundice.

The concept of endotoxin-mediated rather than direct liver injury in biliary obstruction was investigated using the experimental rat model of bile duct ligation (BDL) and small bowel bacterial overgrowth (SBBO). Small identical doses of intravenous endotoxin (bacterial LPS) caused a significantly more severe liver injury in rats with BDL, compared with sham-operated rats, suggesting the possible contribution of LPS in this type of liver damage. BDL was then combined with surgically created jejunal self-filling blind loops, which resulted in SBBO. Plasma LPS level increased significantly, and once again a more severe liver injury, determined by liver histology and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels, was observed compared with the control group of rats with BDL+self-emptying blind loops. The data presented suggest that small amounts of exogenous LPS and/or the ordinarily innocous amounts of LPS constantly absorbed from the intestinal tract may be critical in the hepatic damage caused by obstruction of the biliary tract.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Bitendinous palmaris longus muscle.

The palmaris longus is one of the most variable muscles and this should be considered in surgery of the wrist where good orientation is essential. This short note describes an unusual variant which was discovered by Hacettepe University medical students, during routine dissection of the upper limb. Since the palmaris longus provides a very useful graft in tendon surgery, the surgeon should be fully aware of its anatomical variation.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Primitive persistent carotid-basilar and carotid-vertebral anastomoses: a report of seven cases and a review of the literature.

The persistence of embryonic carotid-basilar and carotid-vertebral anastomoses was investigated retrospectively in 4,400 cerebral angiograms. Six primitive persistent carotid-basilar anastomoses and one primitive persistent carotid-vertebral anastomosis were found. In 4,400 cerebral angiograms, the incidence of primitive carotid-basilar and carotid-vertebral anastomoses was 0.14% and 0.023% respectively. Primitive persistent anastomoses are associated with intracranial vascular anomalies, especially aneurysms. The clinical and pathological findings in combination with these primitive persistent anastomoses were also examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Keratoderma, hypotrichosis and leukonychia totalis: a new syndrome?

We report three members of a family with congenital hypotrichosis, characterized by trichorrhexis nodosa and trichoptilosis, dry skin, keratosis pilaris and leukonychia totalis. They also developed a progressive transgrediens type of palmoplantar keratoderma, and hyperkeratotic lesions on the knees, elbows and perianal region. As far as we are aware, this combination of clinical features has not been described previously.

Child↗