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Biomedical subjects

E Wilander

Publications and source records attributed to E Wilander.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

The influence of amyloid deposits on the islet volume in maturity onset diabetes mellitus.

Pancreatic islet volumes of patients with and without maturity onset diabetes mellitus were estimated. The islet volume of the diabetic patients was 1.01 +/- 0.12 cm3 (SEM) and that of the non-diabetic patients 1.60 +/- 0.16 cm3 with considerable overlap between the two groups. Islet amyloidosis was found in all the diabetic and in 9 of the 15 non-diabetic patients. When the amyloid deposits were excluded, the islet volume of the diabetic patients was 0.89 +/- 0.10 cm3, while that of the non-diabetic patients was unchanged, 1.60 +/- 0.16 cm3. There was still some overlapping. Since amyloid deposits seem to destroy the B cell membranes, it was postulated that a comparison of the volumes of islets completely free of amyloid might give a more true picture of the quantitative islet alterations in maturity onset diabetes. It was found that this islet volume of the diabetics was only 0.41 +/- 0.05 cm3 and that of the non-diabetic patients 1.58 +/- 0.16 cm3. These values correspond better to the altered insulin secretion in maturity-onset diabetes mellitus.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Enteroglucagon and substance P-like immunoreactivity in argentaffin and argyrophil rectal carcinoids.

A specific immunofluorescence for enteroglucagon or substance P or for both hormones was demonstrated in nine out of 12 examined rectal carcinoids. One tumor was argentaffin, contained ultrastructurally pleomorphic granules of the entero-chromaffin cell type, and showed immunofluorescence for substance P. The rest were non-argentaffin but were argyrophil with the Grimelius technique and contained round granules. The argyrophil carcinoids were immunoreactive to one or both hormones in eight cases and not fluorescent in three cases. In two of the non-argentaffin carcinoids a small number of argyrophil cells was found with the method of Sevier-Munger.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1977

Esthesioneuroblastoma. Histological, histochemical and electron microscopie studies of a case.

A case of esthesioneuroblastoma was examined by histological, histochemical and electron microscopic techniques. The tumour cells showed an argyrophil reaction with the Grimelius technique and contained cytoplasmic secretory granules, but in contrast to previous reports were devoid of histochemically demonstrable biogenic amines. For routine diagnosis the argyrophil technique may be useful in differentiating this type of tumour from epidermoid carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1977

Argentaffin and argyrophil reactions of human gastrointestinal carcinoids.

Forty-five carcinoids from the gastrointestinal tract, classified on morphological grounds, were stained with an argentaffin technique (Masson-Hamperl, Virchows Arch [Pathol Anat] 266:509-548, 1927) and three argyrophil techniques (Grimelius, Acta Soc Med Upsal 73:243-276, 1968; Sevier-Munger, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 24: 130-135, 1965; and Hellerström-Hellman, Acta Endocrinol (Kbh) 35:518-532, 1960). Most but not all carcinoids from the embryonal midgut were argentaffin, whereas most fore- and hindgut carcinoids were nonargentaffin. The argyrophil stain of Sevier-Munger stained all argentaffin tumors and in addition a few nonargentaffin foregut carcinoids. The Grimelius stain stained all and the Hellerström-Hellman stained none of the tumors, irrespective of their location. In the argentaffin carcinoids the frequency of argyrophil cells exceeded that of argentaffin cells.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1977

Amyloid in polypeptide hormone-producing tumors.

The hormone content of 72 endocrine tumors was determined by immunofluorescence and their amyloid content was investigated. Seventeen of the 72 tumors contained amyloid. Amyloid was frequently found in tumors producing calcitonin, insulin, or growth hormone, but was rarely found in other tumors. Thus, there is a relationship between the occurrence of amyloid in an endocrine tumor and the type of hormone it produces. The reason for this is not known, but there is evidence that the amyloid fibrils contain proteins related to the hormone produced by the tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

On argyrophil reactions of endocrine cells in the human fetal pancreas: a light and electron microscopic study.

The endocrine cells in the pancreas of five human fetuses with gestational ages of 18-20 weeks were examined by light and electron microscopy with special regard to argyrophil reactions. B-cells and typical A- and D-cells were easily identified electron microscopically on the basis of their typical secretory granules. In the Grimelius argyrophil silver stain, a concentration of silver grains over the less electron dense peripheral mantle of the A-cell secretory granules was observed by electron microscopy. In the Hellerström and Hellman modification of the argyrophil Davenport alcoholic silver stain, silver grains were concentrated over the internal structures of the D-cell secretory granules. With this stain an accumulation of silver grains was also seen at the surface of the A-cell secretory granules. The argyrophil reaction of the A-granules was less pronounced than in the D-cells. In addition to B-cells and A- and D-cells, two other types of endocrine cell were observed by electron microscopy. These cells were argyrophil with the silver impregnation method of Grimelius. The electron microscopic findings at least partly explain the frequent overlapping between the two staining methods observed at the light microscope level.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMed1976

A highly differentiated exocrine pancreatic tumour in a young boy.

A primary pancreatic tumour in a 6-year-old boy was removed by radical excision. From both light and electron microscopic observations the tumour was considered to be of exocrine origin, with some differentiation towards acinar cells. Although the tumour was highly differentiated, it was regarded as probably malignant because of tumour growth into the surrounding fibrous capsule. The case is discussed in relation to earlier rare reports of pancreatic tumours in infants and children.

Child↗
PubMed1976

The uptake in the pancreatic islets of nicotinamide, nicotinic acid and tryptophan and their ability to prevent streptozotocin diabetes in mice.

The uptake of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-precursors nicotinamide, nicotinic acid and tryptophan in the pancreatic islets of mice was studied by use of autoradiographic methods. The ability of these substances to prevent streptoxotocin diabetes was studied in the same species. It was found that only nicotinamide was strongly accumulated in the pancreatic islets and nicotinamide was also the only NAD-precursor which protected against the streptoxotocin diabetes. Apparently there is a relationship between the ability of the NAD-precursors to be taken up in the pancreatic islets and their ability to prevent streptoxotocin diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Thymic carcinoid. A case report.

A case of thymic carcinoid appearing in a 56-year-old man is presented. No endocrine disturbances were apparent. Mediastinal lymph node metastases were found at operation. The tumour was positive with Grimelius argyrophil silver stain. Ultrastructurally neurosecretory granules were seen.

Carcinoid Tumor↗
PubMed1975

Uptake of labelled-n-nitrosomethylurea in the pancreatic islets.

Labelled N-nitrosomethylurea was injected intravenously into mice (C57/BI strain) and Chinese hamsters. In whole-body autoradiograms the isotope was found to accumulate heavily in the islet tissue of the Chinese hamsters but not in that of the mice. The selective uptake in the islet of Chinese hamsters was most pronounced after one hour. A dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of non-labelled N-nitrosomethylurea caused hyperglycemia in the Chinese hamsters while no hyperglycemia occurred in the mice at a dose of 150 mg/kg in the Chines hamsters while no hyperglycemia occurred in the mice at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight. The results indicated that the diabetogenic effect of N-nitrosomethylurea is related to the ability of this substance, or a metabolite of it, to accumulate in the pancreatic islets.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Diabetogenic effects of N-nitrosomethylurea with special regard to species variations.

The effect of N-nitrosomethylurea on the blood-glucose and the pancreatic islet light microscopic picture was studied in the Chinese hamsters, golden hamsters, guinea pigs, mice, rats and sand rats. The Chinese hamsters were most susceptible. Only in this species did a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight cause blood-glucose elevations and pancreatic islet damage. At a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight of N-nitrosomethylurea, blood-glucose elevations were recorded in the golden hamster together with damage to the islets and the exocrine pancreatic parenchyma. A toxic dose of 200 mg/kg body weight resulted in hyperglycemia and islet cell destruction in the rat and in slight alterations in the islets of mice. N-nitrosomethylurea was non-diabetogenic to guinea pigs and sand rats. The ethyl derivate of nitrosourea was less toxic and diabetogenic to the Chinese hamsters in comparison with the methyl derivate.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Arterial calcification and progressive peripheral gangrene after renal transplantation. Report of two cases treated with parathyroidectomy.

Two cases of progressive arterial calcification and peripheral gangrene after successful renal transplantation are presented. Parathyroidectomy was performed and was followed in one case by healing of the peripheral necroses. It is suggested that parathyroidectomy should be considered in similar cases even in the absence of hypercalcemia.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1975

Mediastinal lymphosarcoma simulating pericarditis.

A case of lymphosarcoma of the heart in a 10-year-old boy is presented. The clinical picture simulated a pericarditis. Prednisolone had a remarkably good temporary effect. Post-mortem examination showed a highly differentiated lymphosarcoma invading the pericardium and myocardium from a primary mediastinal localisation. Cytologic examination for malignant cells in the pericardial fluid must not be forgotten in a case of unexplained pericardial effusion.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Diabetogenic effects of n-nitrosomethylurea in the chinese hamster.

To evaluate the role of the glucose residue of the diabetogenic substance streptozotocin, the effect of its aglucone derivate N-nitrosomethylurea was tested in Chinese hamsters. At a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight of N-nitrosomethylurea a triphasic blood glucose curve was recorded with an initial hyperglycaemic peak after 3 hours followed by a decrease at 6 hours. After 24 hours and during the following days the values were moderately elevated. There was a high mortality in the diabetic animals, about 80 per cent of them dying within one week. The approximate L.D. 50 of N-nitrosomethylurea injected intraperitoneally in non-fasting adult animals was about 125 mg/kg body weight at an observation time of 48 hours. On light microscopy, degenerative changes with nuclear pyknosis were seen after 3 hours in the pancreatic islet cells, followed by cellular disintegration. Both beta-, alpha2- and alpha1-cells were obviously affected. Pretreatment with 500 mg nicotinamide/kg body weight given intraperitoneally 10 minutes before the injection of N-nitrosomethylurea inhibited and hyperglycaemia and seemed to prevent the injurious effects of N-nitrosomethylurea on the islet cells. The results show that the glucose residue of the streptozotocin molecule is not necessary for the induction of diabetes in Chinese hamsters, but it seems to increase the selectivity of the toxic effects for the islet cells. This is a clear advantage in studies of experimental diabetes, especially when longer observation periods are desired.

Animals↗