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Biomedical subjects

E Weber

Publications and source records attributed to E Weber.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Compliance testing by measurement of piracetam in urine--a possible method of compliance control for piracetam intakers. An empirical investigation.

All teams of investigators concerned with compliance rate have come to the conclusion that one can seldom rely on patients to take their tablets as prescribed. In case of long-term medication the problem becomes even more acute. A method for checking on compliance is, therefore, of great help in controlling medical therapy as well as in judging the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals. The results of this study imply that diachronic determination of piracetam concentration in patients' urine is an especially simple way of testing compliance without undue strain on the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Drug compliance of pregeriatric rehabilitation patients. Brief communication on a longitudinal investigation.

An overview on an follow-up study is given that concerns the drug-compliance of 990 pregeriatric rehabilitation patients. During 20 days the drug intake of every patient was controlled by riboflavine method. The compliance-rate was at 47.9 +/- 32.4%, and it was relatively constant during the course of the investigation. Other features as age, nationality, number of risk factors etc. correlated but moderately though significantly with the compliance-rate. The lowest values had foreigners, and/or patients prone to nicotine or alcohol abuse. The highest rate was found on patients being in the state after heart infarction.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Regional distribution of dynorphin and neo-endorphin peptides in rat brain, spinal cord, and pituitary.

Five products of the dynorphin gene--alpha-neo-endorphin, beta-neo-endorphin, dynorphin A, dynorphin A-(1-8), and dynorphin B--were measured in various regions of rat brain and in rat spinal cord and pituitary. Specific antisera were used, supplemented by gel permeation analysis and high performance liquid chromatography, confirming the presence of dynorphin-32, dynorphin A, and dynorphin B in rat brain. In whole brain, alpha-neo-endorphin, dynorphin A-(1-8), and dynorphin B are present in much greater amounts than beta-neo-endorphin or dynorphin A. Although a general parallelism was found in the distribution of the five peptides, there were also noteworthy exceptions, suggesting that differential processing may occur.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Gastrin-releasing peptide-related peptides in a human malignant lung carcinoid tumor.

Recent immunohistochemical findings have indicated the presence of gastrin-releasing peptide in normal and pathological human lungs. Gastrin-releasing peptide is a 27-amino acid peptide isolated from porcine gut which bears considerable carboxyterminal homology with bombesin. We have characterized the gastrin-releasing peptide-like peptides present in a human malignant lung carcinoid tumor by gel chromatography and reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Our results show that this tumor did not contain bombesin; however, this tumor expressed a gastrin-releasing peptide-like compound, several amino-terminal fragments, and a carboxy-terminal fragment of gastrin-releasing peptide.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1983

[Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bemetizid in comparison with hydrochlorothiazide. A controlled human pharmacologic study of acute effects].

Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Bemetizide Compared with Hydrochlorothiazide/Controlled clinical study of acute effects Bemetizide in doses of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 mg versus 25 mg of hydrochlorothiazide were examined in a placebo-controlled randomized single-dose study under standardized conditions in normal male volunteers. The diuretic effects of bemetizide and hydrochlorothiazide were qualitatively equal, though after higher doses bemetizide showed greater maximal, statistically significant effects on the excretion of sodium, chloride and urine volume (relative efficacy). A trend to increased elimination of potassium was detectable. Diuresis of calcium and magnesium and pH of urine were unchanged. The effects of the reference dosis of hydrochlorothiazide were constantly lower than those of higher doses of bemetizide conferring to the 24-h aliquot and the fractioned samples. The action of both substances began within 1 to 2 h after oral application exceeding 24 h. Kinetics of effects and pharmacokinetics were closely correlated. The evidence of dose-dependent kinetics for bemetizide supports the assumption, that it is absorbed incompletely in higher doses. Because of the lack of a parenteral preparation it is not possible to provide reliable information on the maximal potency of bemetizide.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Blood pressure elevation in rats by peripheral administration of Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Arg-Phe and the invertebrate neuropeptide, Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2.

Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2 (FMRFamide), injected at less than 1 mumol/kg intravenously in the anesthetized rat, produces sharp elevations of blood pressure and changes in respiration. The effects were dependent on the carboxyterminal Arg-Phe (RF) configuration and were stereospecific for these two amino acids. A related peptide with RF carboxyterminus, gamma 1-melanotropic stimulating hormone, also had potent blood pressure stimulating activity. The mechanisms underlying the pressor effect of FMRFamide have not yet been established but this pressor action was not significantly attenuated by standard pharmacologic antagonists or prevented by removal of the adrenal or pituitary gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Enhanced drug metabolism after sulfinpyrazone treatment in patients aged 50 to 60 years.

The induction of liver drug metabolism was investigated in five patients before and after the administration of 800 mg sulfinpyrazone daily for 4 weeks, by using antipyrine plasma-pharmacokinetics and by determining urinary excretion of 6-beta-OH-cortisol and serum gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) activity. Antipyrine half-life was shortened in all patients from a mean value of 12.3 +/- 3.9 h to 7.8 +/- 2.0 h and antipyrine clearance was increased from 39.0 +/- 16.0 ml/min to 57.6 +/- 13.7 ml/min. In contrast the volume of distribution of antipyrine was unaffected; the values being 38.0 +/- 8.6 liters and 37.4 +/- 5.7 liters, respectively. In all patients the excretion of 6-beta-OH-cortisol in the urine went up from 65.0 +/- 25.7 micrograms/24 h to 346.8 +/- 193.4 micrograms/24 h. The ratio 6-beta-OH-cortisol/free cortisol changed from 4.1 to 15.8. After 21 days of treatment the GGT increased from 17.4 +/- 4.9 units/liter to 32.6 +/- 12.5 units/liter The data presented confirm that sulfinpyrazone induces drug metabolism in patients of the older age group. Interactions between sulfinpyrazone and other drugs given simultaneously must be borne in mind.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

[On the growth of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Preliminary observations on ultrastructural morphology by freeze-etching and quantitation of growth rate by phase contrast microscopy: effect of glycosaminoglycans].

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC), detached from thoracic aorta by collagenase treatment, have been studied after adding a mixture of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) (the composition of which has been studied by Casu et al. -6), at different concentrations. GAGs at the concentration of 90 mg/100 ml of medium (Dulbecco's modification of Eagle's MEM with 10% foetal calf serum) produced an increase in the growth speed. We have quantitized these data both by counting the number of cells 24 h after trypsinization in phase-contrast-microscopy, and by measuring the time necessary to reach a certain number of influences. Ultrastructural observation at transmission electron microscope after freeze-etching preparation, didn't show any relevant modification either in the organization of cell membrane or in the cytoplasmatic structures. In some observations a conspicuous increase of "vesicular openings" ("pits") on the plasmatic membrane was evident. Statistical evaluation of this phenomenon is under consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effects of high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) on cultured bovine aorta endothelial cells. Preliminary observations on ultrastructural morphology of the plasma membrane by freeze-fracturing].

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC), detached with collagenase, have been studied morphologically after administration, in vitro, of human lipoprotein fractions (200 micrograms/ml of LDL, 200 micrograms/ml of HDL), 24 h before the confluence. One day after the treated cells and the control one were detached with trypsine and prepared for freeze-etching examination. The plasma-membrane has revealed, in the lipoprotein treated cells (HDL or LDL) an increased average value of the number of "pits" present upon a surface unit (P less than 0,05). Moreover, in the HDL-treated cells, the "pits", sometimes, have appeared with a different morphological evidence, similar to the aspects of exocytosis as seen e.g. in platelets or in Langerhans isle cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Rationalization of urine analysis while maintaining diagnostic accuracy (author's transl)].

Screening 720 morning urinary samples for WBC, RBC and protein by test-strip, the number of subsequent microscopic examinations of urinary sediment was reduced to about half, without missing any significant number of clinically significant findings (4.4%). On the other hand, a large number (21.3%) of cases with obviously false-negative sediment findings were revealed. These were largely due to lysis of WBC and RBC, as well as poorly standardized methods of examining urinary sediment. But they could also have been due to differences in subjective criteria employed by the technicians. Our results indicate that using test-strips for screening, clinical routine examination can be rationalized, taking about half the time needed for sediment examination, with more potentially significant findings being discovered than missed.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗