The relationship between exposure to Plasmodium vivax infection and the onset of fever in travellers returning to Glasgow from the Indian subcontinent is presented. Infection appears more likely in those who travel during the second half of the year and following the monsoon. Most attacks of malaria begin during the summer months in Scotland irrespective of the dates of travel.

Humans↗

PubMed1983

Lateral asymmetries in electrodermal responses to nonattended stimuli: a response to Dawson and Schell.

Recently, Dawson and Schell (1982) provided convincing evidence that words presented to the nonattended ear during a dichotic-listening task undergo automatic semantic analysis in the absence of intention or awareness. Because of its methodological rigor, this finding is important in the context of the long-standing controversy surrounding the preattentive processing phenomenon. However, we challenge the authors' suggestion of a right-hemisphere locus for this phenomenon. We offer a methodological basis for the findings and propose a countersuggestion of a left hemisphere, or at least bilateral, processing locus.

Attention↗

PubMed1983

Infants at risk for psychopathology: offspring of schizophrenic parents.

The results of research on infants at high risk for schizophrenia (offspring of schizophrenic parents) are reviewed. The findings indicate that high-risk infants are not exposed to greater exogenous stress during the prenatal and perinatal periods, although subsequent caregiving provided by disturbed mothers may be nonoptimal. Several findings point to the existence of a constitutionally vulnerable subgroup of high-risk infants. Fetal and neonatal deaths, unrelated to obstetrical complications, may be more common among high-risk offspring, and neuromotor abnormalities are apparent in a subgroup of high-risk subjects across the life span. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that offspring of schizophrenics are uniquely susceptible to obstetrical complications when they occur: Neuromotor deficits and other developmental deviations show a greater relationship with obstetrical complications among high-risk infants than controls. Taken together, the results lend support to the validity of interactional models of the etiology of schizophrenia and suggest that preventive intervention may be a realistic goal.

Birth Weight↗

PubMed1983

Reasons for admission to hospital and complications in children with measles.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Child↗

PubMed1982

Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerians who live in Britain.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Familial schizophrenia. A predictor of neuromotor and attentional abnormalities in schizophrenia.

Family history of psychopathology may have a role in schizophrenics' attentional and neuromotor functions. Twelve schizophrenics with a schizophrenic biological parent (SFH), 12 schizophrenics with no history of schizophrenia in first- or second-degree relatives (SNFH), 12 psychiatric controls, and 12 normal controls were given brief neuromotor examinations and the continuous performance test (CPT). Statistical analyses indicated that SFH manifested significantly more neuromotor abnormalities than did normal controls. On the CPT, SFH had significantly more errors than SNFH and psychiatric controls and slower reaction times than psychiatric controls.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

Growth regulation by macrophages.

The evidence reviewed here indicates that macrophages, either acting alone or in concert with other cells, influence the proliferation of multiple types of cells. Most of the data indicate that these effects are mediated by soluble macrophage-elaborated products (probably proteins) although the role of direct cell-to-cell contacts cannot be ruled out in all cases. A degree of success has been achieved on the biochemical characterization of these factors, but such work has been hampered by the factors low specific activity in conditioned medium and the lack of rapid, specific assays. It is our belief that understanding the growth-regulating potential of macrophages is an important and needed area of research.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

The effect of lateral visual fixation on response latency to verbal and spatial questions.

The results of several studies have suggested a relationship between lateral eye movements and contralateral hemispheric activation or ipsilateral inhibition. The present study investigated the effects of lateral and central eye fixation on response latency to verbal and spatial questions. Response latencies for verbal questions were significantly longer when subjects fixated to the left or centrally, as compared to the right. On spatial questions, response latencies were significantly longer in the right fixation condition than in the other conditions. The results indicate that visual fixation ipsilateral to hemispheric activation is related to slower problem solving, and suggest that eye movements during cognitive activity may have functional significance.

Cerebral Cortex↗

PubMed1982

Schistosoma mansoni: incorporation and metabolism of protein amino acids in vitro.

1. The amino acid composition of total proteins in six stages of the life cycle of Schistosoma mansoni was determined by routine autoanalysis of acid hydrolysates. Aspartate, glutamate and glycine were consistently the most abundant protein amino acids in all stages. 2. Incorporation of each of the protein amino acids into adult and egg proteins was determined using 72 hr cultures in complex media. Incorporation rates varied widely and there was no correlation between abundance in protein and the rate of incorporation. 3. Only five amino acids were interconverted to other amino acids which were themselves incorporated into worm and egg proteins (ala, arg, asp, gly, ser); of these only two (glu from ala and pro from arg) appeared to be of quantitative significance. Exogenous glucose yielded only three protein amino acids (ala, asp, glu). 4. The data are considered in the light of differences in egg and adult protein synthesis and with particular regard to potential chemotherapy at this level.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1982

Schistosoma mansoni: in vitro uptake and incorporation of glycine by adult worms.

1. The uptake of [3H]glycine into an ethanol-extractable intracellular pool and its simultaneous incorporation into protein (TCA insoluble fraction) have been measured in adult male and female Schistosoma mansoni incubated, in vitro, in complex media. 2. The patterns of uptake and incorporation were similar in male and female schistosomes incubated in media containing serum, and also in male worms incubated in the presence or absence of serum. 3. The amounts of [3H]glycine uptake and incorporation were directly proportional to the extracellular glycine concentration and were identical in male worms (in the presence or absence of serum) and female worms. 4. Emetine at a concentration producing a 95% inhibition of protein synthesis was without effect on the uptake of [3H]glycine into the ethanol-extractable pool in male worms.

Animals↗