[Drug-induced oxalic lithiasis from pyridoxilate].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
E Thomas
Publications and source records attributed to E Thomas.
Hepatic toxicity from disinfectant abuse.
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Disinfectants↗
Ordered rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region segments.
The immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region is encoded as three separate libraries of elements in germ-line DNA: VH, D and JH. To examine the order and regulation of their joining, we have developed assays that distinguish their various combinations and have used the assays to study tumor cell analogs of B-lymphoid cells as well as normal B-lymphoid cells. Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) transformed fetal liver cells - the most primitive B-lymphoid cell analog available for analysis - generally had DJH rearrangements at both JH loci. These lines continued DNA rearrangement in culture, in most cases by joining a VH gene segment to an existing DJH complex with the concomitant deletion of intervening DNA sequences. None of these lines or their progeny showed evidence of VHD or DD rearrangements. Heavy chain-producing tumor lines, representing more mature stages of the B-cell pathway, and normal B-lymphocytes had either two VHDJH rearrangements or a VHDJH plus a DJH rearrangement at their two heavy chain loci; they also showed no evidence of VHD or DD rearrangements. These results support an ordered mechanism of variable gene assembly during B-cell differentiation in which D-to-JH rearrangements generally occur first and on both chromosomes followed by VH-to-DJH rearrangements, with both types of joining processes occurring by intrachromosomal deletion. The high percentage of JH alleles remaining in the DJH configuration in heavy chain-producing lines and, especially, in normal B-lymphocytes supports a regulated mechanism of heavy chain allelic exclusion in which a VHDJH rearrangement, if productive, prevents an additional VH-to-DJH rearrangement.
Abelson murine leukemia virus↗
The development of self-originated new drugs by Swiss pharmaceutical firms, 1960-1980.
This study of the development and regulation of self-originated new chemical entities (NCEs) in Switzerland between 1960 and 1980 is based on confidential data obtained through a survey of the three largest Swiss companies. Analyses of these data allowed description of the changes over time in (1) the number of NCEs introduced into clinical testing each year, (2) the time required to test and gain approval for a new drug, and (3) the success rate for NCEs, i.e., the proportion of those tested in man that received marketing approval. Because Swiss regulations may have an impact on these trends, the possible relationship between major regulatory events and changes in research activity is examined. Other factors such as regulatory requirements in major foreign markets and international economic influences are also considered.
Clinical Trials as Topic↗
The cold light source that was hot.
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Burns↗
Nifedipine for the poor-risk elderly patient with achalasia: objective response demonstrated by solid meal study.
We described an 84-year-old woman with symptomatic achalasia who refused both dilation and surgical treatment. She was treated with the calcium channel blocking drug nifedipine, with significant relief of symptoms. Objective evidence of response to the drug was confirmed by using an egg salad sandwich meal labeled with 99mTc-DTPA.
Aged↗
Pseudomembranous colitis due to oxacillin therapy.
We have reported a rare case of oxacillin-associated pseudomembranous colitis in which great difficulty was experienced in successfully isolating the organism in a routine hospital laboratory, resulting in delay in treatment. Toxin assay done at a reference laboratory finally allowed successful treatment. Toxin assay can be valuable in the diagnosis and management of this potentially serious illness.
Clostridium Infections↗
Gastric microbial flora in patients with gastrointestinal disease.
We designed a prospective study to test the hypothesis that the stomach may be a bacterial reservoir in some patients and function as a potential source of aspiration-induced bacterial pneumonia. Quantitative cultures of fasting gastric contents were obtained in 100 consecutive patients having fiberoptic endoscopy for evaluation of gastrointestinal disease. Culture results were correlated with gastric pH and gastrointestinal pathology. Patients with gastric ulcer disease had a significantly higher incidence of bacterial growth than those with duodenal ulcer. Patients who had had gastrectomy were more likely than any others to have gram-negative bacilli in their stomach. A somewhat high frequency of other common pneumonic pathogens in gastric contents was also noted. The significance of these findings in the production of pneumonia in the elderly is discussed.
Bacteria↗
Cimetidine usage for unlabeled conditions in an ambulatory care service.
With the intent of cost containment, we conducted a survey of cimetidine usage in the Ambulatory Care Service of our Veterans Administration Medical Center. During a period of six months, this drug was prescribed for 132 patients. Only about 20% received cimetidine for FDA approved conditions. Treated conditions not approved by the FDA (unlabeled) included undiagnosed abdominal pain, past peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, and a variety of other conditions. Fourteen percent of the patients had demanded the drug. Irrespective of whether a confirmed diagnosis was present or not, most patients taking cimetidine had symptomatic relief. It is unclear whether more regulations or improved physician education would be the better method to control improper and unnecessary use of a drug that is generally safe but has potentially serious side effects.
Cimetidine↗
Scleroderma and the esophagus.
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Deglutition Disorders↗
[Cooperative study on the recurrence of lung tuberculosis in East Germany].
144 patients with bacteriologically positive results were analysed out of 258 relapses of pulmonary tuberculosis within one year (1979/80) to find the causes which are favouring relapses. It has been found that in 28% an inadequate chemotherapy, in 16% uncontrolled use of drugs, and in 13% of cases uncooperative attitude of patients were supposed causes of relapse. Causes of relapse could not be established in 23% of patients. Silicosis and chronic alcoholism were observed in 22% of patients with relapse.
Adolescent↗
[Monohydrate and dihydrate oxalic lithiasis. Calculi, their macroscopic structure (radiographic and therapeutic impact). Calciuria and oxaluria].
Calculi of pure calcium oxalate monohydroxide are hard, polish, dark brown stones, of a very tenuous crystalline structure. On the contrary, calculi of pure bihydroxide oxalate are clear irregular stones with a spiky surface. They are more friable and less hard than monohydroxide oxalate stones. Monohydroxide oxalate stones radiologically are regular and homogeneous, whereas bihydroxide oxalate stones have an irregular aspect. Monohydroxide oxalic lithiasis is less frequent than bihydroxide oxalic lithiasis. The proportion of monohydroxide lithiasis is the same in men and women whereas bihydroxide lithiasis is more frequent in men. Of a biologic point of view, in monohydroxide lithiasis, calciuria and oxaluria are often normal while proportion of hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria is more important in bihydroxide lithiasis. Evolutivity is clearly inferior in monohydroxide lithiasis than in bihydroxide lithiasis.
Adult↗
Spurious pseudomembranous enteritis in strongyloidiasis.
A fatal case of Strongyloidiasis, unsuspected until postmortem microscopy, is presented. At autopsy, the gross changes in the small bowel of the patient suggested pseudomembranous enteritis. The "membrane" consisted of inspissated barium sulphate from a gastrointestinal series 2 wk before death, nematodes, and proteinaceous material. We believe these findings to be unique. It is possible that bowel hypomotility, known to occur in Strongyloidiasis, favored retention and inspissation of barium sulphate, thus starting a vicious cycle favoring further stasis with increased susceptibility to burrowing worms and augmented auto-infection.
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous↗
Unsuspected esophageal perforation in association with chronic peptic stricture.
A case of vomiting-induced perforation of the lower esophagus proximal to a chronic peptic stricture is described. The patient had a remarkably benign course and conservative management resulted in complete cure. Criteria for nonoperative management of esophageal perforation are outlined. Esophageal injury due to retained pills, we believe, contributed to occurrence of this syndrome.
Aged↗
[Oxaluria in urinary lithiasis].
The normal value of oxaluria, as determined by gasliquid chromatography, is about 30 mg/24 h. In most cases of renal stone formation (60-70%) the stones are composed of calcium oxalate alone or associated with calcium phosphate. The more evolutive the disease, the higher the oxaluria. The part played by oxaluria in renal stone formation and the need to include its determination in regular examinations of stone formers must be stressed. Treatment of hyperoxaluria is both medicinal and dietetic : control of oxalic acid-rich food intake and reduction of the intestinal absorption of oxalate caused by calcium-deprived diets. The diet must be completed by therapeutic measures aimed at reducing the oxaluria and increasing the urinary factors preventing crystallization.
Diet↗
Asthma at night.
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Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
Ruptured semimembranosus bursa--a complication of arthroscopy. A short case report.
Rupture of a semimembranosus bursa is a rare complication of arthroscopy. The presentation and natural history of this complication are described and the literature is reviewed.
Arthroscopy↗
Immediate and long-term effects of chest physiotherapy in patients with cystic fibrosis.
Both the immediate and long-term effects of chest physical therapy administered by a parent were evaluated in eight children with cystic fibrosis. Spirometric and plethysmographic evaluations were performed pre-CPT and at 5 and 30 minutes post-CPT. The pre-CPT measurements after a three-week period with no CPT were compared with the values while receiving CPT on a regular twice daily basis. There was a significant decrease after three weeks without CPT for FVC (P less than 0.025), FEV1 (P less than 0.005), FEF25-75 (P less than 0.005), and Vmax60TLC (P less than 0.025). When the patients had been receiving CPT on a regular basis, the only immediate effect was an increase in PEFR after 30 minutes post-CPT (P less than 0.05). After three weeks without CPT, there were increases at 30 minutes post-CPI for FVC (P less than 0.005) and Vmax60TLC (P less than 0.05). These findings indicate that although there may be little immediate functional improvement when CPT is received on a regular basis, a three-week period without CPT leads to a worsening of the functional status, which is reversed with renewal of regular CPT.
Adolescent↗