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Biomedical subjects

E Suchanek

Publications and source records attributed to E Suchanek.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Dopamine agonists prevent duodenal ulcer relapse. A comparative study with famotidine and cimetidine.

The present study investigated both the healing rate (after four weeks) and the relapse rate (during six months) following treatment with the dopamine-like drugs bromocriptine (2.5 mg twice daily), amantadine (100 mg nocte), or with the H2 blockers cimetidine (800 mg nocte), and famotidine (40 mg nocte) in 124 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer (DU). The ulcer was completely healed in 27 (amantadine), 26 (bromocriptine), 23 (cimetidine), and in 24 (famotidine) patients. Relapse was noted in 34.7% (cimetidine) and 25% (famotidine) versus 11.7% (amantadine) and 7.7% (bromocriptine) DU patients. No significant difference was found in initial healing rates. However, the relapse rate in the cimetidine-treated group was significantly higher than in all the other test groups. Additional comparisons between all the treatment categories showed a significantly lower relapse rate with the dopamine-like agents. These important new results indicate that dopamine-like compounds are equally effective as H2 blockers in inducing DU healing and may offer a promising advantage over H2 blockers concerning their efficacy in preventing ulcer relapse in DU patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Protein concentration in pre-ovulatory follicular fluid related to ovarian stimulation.

Sixty follicular fluids obtained from 26 women with either clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) or hMG-induced ovulation were analyzed for the contents of total proteins, fibrinogen, plasminogen, antithrombin III, ceruloplasmin, alpha-2 macroglobulin, alpha-1 antitrypsin and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM). Concentrations of these proteins was correlated to the type of ovarian follicle growth induction. Follicular fluids from patients stimulated with clomiphene citrate-hMG contained significantly higher concentrations of ceruloplasmin than those treated with hMG alone. No significant differences in the concentrations of other proteins were noted between the two types of ovarian induction. A multivariate data analysis resulted in three Varimax factors (VRX I) suggesting that proteins with antiprotease activity in the follicular fluid may play a role in human follicle maturation. Follicular fluid Ig may reflect the degree of follicular wall permeability under hMG treatment. Accordingly, it may be assumed that a combination of different proteins described by VRX factors could be used for evaluation of ovarian stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Histochemical demonstration of a delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of cumulus cells related to the maturity and developmental potential of recovered oocytes.

A simple and rapid histochemical technique is described for demonstration of delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in cumulus cells from preovulatory follicles aspirated for in vitro fertilization (IVF) of corresponding oocytes. Histochemical activity of delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was demonstrated in samples of cumulus obtained from 62 oocytes recovered from 24 women. Patients were treated with clomiphene citrate in combination with human menopausal gonadotropins and human chorionic gonadotropin injections. The cumulus was found to contain small and large cell types. Small cells possessed more delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity predominantly in the area near the oocyte. Cytoplasmic vacuolation has been noted in large, pale cells with moderate or low enzyme activity. The most active cells were predominant in cumulus from which oocytes were fertilized. Significant differences have been found between high and low delta 5,3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity of cumulus cells from mature oocyte-corona-cumulus complexes leading to a successful fertilization and cleavage of oocytes and between groups with different histochemical activity when aspirated complexes were scored immature and the IVF of oocytes has failed.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1988

The influence of dopamine agonists and antagonists on indomethacin lesions in stomach and small intestine in rats.

Dopamine agents (saline in control groups) were coadministered with indomethacin by either single or repeated application. The ulcerogenic effect (erosions and/or ulcers) of repeated given indomethacin on gastric mucosa differed clearly from that on intestinal mucosa. The effect on intestinal mucosa was markedly greater than after a single dose. The effects of dopamine agents appeared to be more consistent. Domperidone and haloperidol, given as single or repeated doses, strongly aggravated both the gastric and intestinal lesions. Bromocriptine and amantadine had a protective effect. The adverse effects of both dopamine antagonists (increased after repeated administration) were strongly inhibited by the simultaneous administration of either bromocriptine or amantadine. The involvement of the dopamine system (central or peripheral) in the mechanisms that maintain gastric (probably related to cytoprotection also) and intestinal mucosa integrity is therefore suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The influence of dopamine receptor agonists and an antagonist on acute pancreatitis in rats.

The influence of the dopamine receptor-stimulating agent, bromocriptine, the dopamine-releasing drug, amantadine, and the dopamine antagonist, domperidone, on acute pancreatitis was studied in rats. Acute pancreatitis was induced by ligation of the bile duct at its point of entry into the duodenum. Each drug was applied intraperitoneally 1 h before induction of acute pancreatitis and all the surviving animals were killed 24 h thereafter. The control, saline-pretreated animals exhibited the mortality rate, macroscopical and histological changes, as well as increase of serum amylase levels that were consistent with acute pancreatitis. Domperidone induced a large increase in serum amylase which was significantly reduced by the simultaneous administration of bromocriptine. However, both bromocriptine and amantadine, when given separately did not prevent the increase of serum amylase levels to the control levels. Statistical analysis showed that the difference between the mortality rate in the control and treated groups did not reach the level of significance probably due to the rather limited number of animals used. On the other hand, application of bromocriptine as well as amantadine successfully reduced the onset of acute pancreatitis whereas domperidone, a rather specific peripheral dopamine receptor blocker, had the opposite effect. Both bromocriptine and amantadine significantly reduced the mortality rate from acute pancreatitis in domperidone-pretreated rats. Since the aggravating effect of domperidone was successfully reduced by simultaneous application of bromocriptine, we think that these effects are mediated by peripheral dopamine receptors. However, the mechanisms whereby dopamine receptor-stimulating and dopamine-releasing drugs produce their beneficial effects remain to be elucidated.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Prostaglandin F2 alpha, progesterone and estradiol concentrations in human follicular fluid and their relation to success of in vitro fertilization.

Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), progesterone (P4) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) in follicular fluid were measured by radioimmunoassay in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Follicular growth was induced using clomiphene citrate-hMG-hCG (15 patients) and FSH-hMG-hCG (4 patients). There was no significant difference in follicular fluid PGF2 alpha and P4 concentrations relative to oocyte maturity as assessed morphologically. The highest PGF2 alpha concentration was found in fluid from FSH-hMG-hCG cycles where fertilization occurred. The value is significantly higher (p less than 0.002) than in fluid from clomiphene-hMG-hCG cycles whether fertilization took place or not. There was no significant difference in P4 and E2 levels in relation to the type of ovarian induction or success in fertilization. Positive correlation between P4 and E2 in follicular fluid was found (r = 0.404). The positive correlation between total dose of hMG given to the patients and PGF2 alpha concentration in their preovulatory follicular fluid (r = 0.434) suggests that PGF2 alpha is secreted locally as the result of hMG and hCG stimulation. It is proposed that PGF2 alpha could be a biochemical marker for assessing the success of in vitro fertilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Chromosomal preparations of human triploid zygotes and embryos fertilized in vitro.

Forty-eight zygotes with more than two pronuclei were identified after in vitro fertilization, representing 6.1% of all fertilized oocytes. The chromosome preparations from pronuclear stage to the cleaved human embryos were examined. Prophase was found in eight out of ten zygotes. The spreading of chromosomes allowed an adequate counting in only two cases. Six of the eight preparations displayed a late prophase. In this stage each haploid group of chromosomes can be analysed separately. Kariogamy usually occurred 4 to 5 h after the pronuclei had disappeared, and polyploid number of chromosomes were found in well-spread metaphases. The chromosomal preparations were made for eleven human embryos arising from zygotes with three pronuclei. Out of ten preparations, where the chromosomes could be counted, seven embryos (70%) contained hypodiploidic groups of chromosomes. In two of the cases, however, triploid metaphases were found, and in the last one a triploid/diploid mosaicism.

Embryo, Mammalian↗
PubMed1988

NK cell activity and estrogen hormone levels during normal human pregnancy.

NK cell activity was determined in peripheral blood of 24 women during pregnancy, and compared to NK activity of 40 healthy nonpregnant women in generative age. An increase in the first trimester was followed by a significant decline of NK activity in the second trimester, and a further fall in the third trimester of pregnancy. The initial rise of NK activity was predominantly due to primigravidas, whereas the fall in the second trimester was mainly due to multigravidas. There was a significant negative correlation between NK activity and the increasing levels of estrogen hormones (beta-estradiol, estriol and estrone) in the sera of pregnant women. However, when analyzed for each trimester of pregnancy separately, a significant (p less than 0.02) negative correlation was only found with beta-estradiol, suggesting that high doses of this hormone could contribute to pregnancy-associated NK suppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Lipid and lipoprotein contents of human follicular fluid.

The concentrations of total cholesterol, phospholipids, triacylglycerols and lipoproteins were measured in 87 follicular fluids obtained from 35 women undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. The results were correlated with the levels of progesterone in follicular fluid. Two different types of ovarian stimulation were used. High density lipoproteins were the dominant lipoproteins found in the preovulatory follicular fluid. Low density lipoproteins were absent or appeared in trace amounts. Significantly higher triacylglycerol and high density lipoprotein levels were found when stimulation with human menopausal gonadotropins and chorionic gonadotropin was applied, as compared to the clomiphene citrate-menopausal gonadotropin-chorionic gonadotropin menstrual cycle. In both groups, extracorporal fertilization resulted in cleavage of oocytes and embryo transfer. No significant correlation between any follicular fluid lipid and progesterone concentration was found. The lipids estimated in the follicular fluid appeared to have no influence on the oocyte fertilizability. The presence of triacylglycerols and high density lipoproteins in the follicular fluid may indicate follicular wall permeability under the treatment with menopausal gonadotropins.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The influence of dopamine agonists and antagonists on gastric lesions in mice.

The dopamine agonist bromocriptine and L-dopa significantly inhibited whereas dopamine antagonist haloperidol aggravated the gastric lesions induced by pylorus ligation in mice as found earlier for rats. Furthermore, the successful use of a dopamine antagonist alone for the induction of gastric lesions also in mice was demonstrated, since the gastric lesions were induced by a single dose of haloperidol without any additional noxious treatment. Bromocriptine successfully inhibited both the gastric lesion-potentiating as well as the gastric lesion-inducing effect of haloperidol.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Dopamine antagonists induce gastric lesions in rats.

Gastric lesions were provoked in all rats that had received intraperitoneally a single dose of the dopamine antagonists haloperidol, metoclopramide or domperidone 24 h before. Dose-dependence was demonstrated for haloperidol. This drug induced gastric lesions as early as 90 min after its application. The ulcerogenic effect of haloperidol was completely prevented or markedly reduced by simultaneous applications of dopamine agonists bromocriptine or L-dopa. We conclude that the model of gastric lesions induced by dopamine antagonists could be successfully applied in further investigations of the role of dopamine in the pathogenesis of ulcer disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The role of dopamine in the formation of gastric ulcers in rats.

A single dose of the dopamine agonists L-dopa, bromocriptine or apomorphine produced a protective effect by significantly shortening of the length of stomach ulcerations. A single dose of the dopamine antagonists haloperidol, sulpiride or domperidone potentiated the ulcerogenic effect by extending the length of stomach ulcerations. These results point to the fact that dopamine is involved in the rise and development of experimental stomach ulcers.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Cyclic nucleotides affect growth and differentiation of cultured rat embryonic shields.

The modified organ culture of rat embryonic shields provides favorable conditions during 2 weeks for the differentiation of main tissue types. Since the terminal differentiation in explants is inferior to that obtained in the homografts of the same shields under the kidney capsule, we tried to improve the culture medium by adding some known regulatory molecules: db-cAMP, db-cGMP, ATP, AMP, and butyric acid. These agents were added to the liquid medium in the concentration of 1 mM. In the first part of the study the explants were fixed and weighed after 8 or 14 days in vitro culture, and histological sections were examined. When the explants were treated with db-cAMP during the second week of culture, the skeletal muscle appeared more frequently in the treated series than in controls, and the weight of the treated explants was sometimes increased when compared with the control series. The db-cGMP had no effect on differentiation, but stimulated the growth of the explants when applied during the first week of culture. On the contrary, the db-cAMP when added during the first week, severely impeded the growth of explants. Other agents seem to be ineffective. In the second part, the content of cAMP and cGMP was measured in normal explants. The radioimmunoassay showed the same content of cAMP and cGMP during the entire culture period. In the third part of our study the incorporation of tritiated uridine and tritiated thymidine was measured during the second week of culture after the addition of db-cAMP. During the first days of treatment with db-cAMP the uptake of tritiated uridine and thymidine was inhibited, whereas on the seventh day the uptake was similar to that of the control. We can conclude that both cyclic nucleotides have a visible effect on growth whereas only cAMP has a positive impact on the differentiation of myotubes in cultured rat embryonic shields.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The levels of the male serum and seminal fluid prolactin in oligospermia and azoospermia.

The radioimmunoreactive serum and seminal fluid prolactin in 36 normospermic, 35 oligospermic, and 24 azoospermic men was examined. No significant difference between the serum prolactin levels within either group was found. Seminal fluid prolactin was significantly lower in oligospermic men, whereas the concentration of prolactin in azoospermic was similar to the levels of seminal fluid prolactin in normospermic men. There is a good correlation of the total number of motile sperm in the volume of the ejaculate with the prolactin concentration in the ejaculate of normospermic men. The number of the sperm in 1 ml of ejaculate in oligospermic men was in correlation with the levels of the prolactin in 1 ml of seminal fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Somatic maturity of girls in relation to serum hypophyseal hormone values].

FSH, LH, PRL (prolactin), HGH, and TSH values were determined in 101 girls ages 11--15. The values were expressed in SI units and compared with the degree of pubertal development assessed according to Tanner's classification. The results have shown that the RSH values are the higher, the higher degree of the girls' maturity. Their even increase is characteristic. LH also increases wtih the degree of maturity but there is a pronounced increase of its values in pubertal stages III and IV. Pre-menarcheal prolactin ranged between 7.86 and 12.67 microgram/l and was lower than in the luteinic phase of the cycle after menarche. HGH gradually goes up with maturity, reaching its highest values in the fourth development stage after Tanner. TSH values proved more or less similar, without changing with the degree of maturity. It is evidenced that TSH is significantly correlated with LH before menarche but later there is no correlation at all. OH proved correlated with weight, height, and age. Other parameters observed did not show any correlation with the degree of sexual maturity. In the group of girls in the post- menarcheal phase (N = 49) the results are classified by the physiological phases of the cycle in three subgroups. It has been shown that FSH and LH in all three phases of the cycle were higher than in the pre-menarcheal phase. FSH was higher in the first two phases of the cycle than in the third one. LH values were highly dispersed in all three phases of the cycle. Prolactin was somewhat higher (14,05 micrograms/l) in the luteinic phase. The HGH and TSH level was subject to no changes in the course of the menstrual cycle.

Adolescent↗