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Biomedical subjects

E Scott

Publications and source records attributed to E Scott.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Comparison of effects of several inhalation anaesthetics on caffeine-induced contractures of normal and malignant hyperthermic skeletal muscle.

We have compared the combined effects of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and methoxyflurane on caffeine-induced contractures of normal and malignant hyperthermia susceptible (MHS) skeletal muscle fascicles. We have found that caffeine contractures without and with the addition of any of these four anaesthetics are higher in MHS than in normal muscle. The differences between the normal and MHS muscle are about the same for all drug combinations. For all four anaesthetics the degree of increase of the contracture is about the same in the normal as in the MHS muscle. For both the MHS and the normal muscle the caffeine contractures are from greatest to least: halothane greater than isoflurane greater than enflurane greater than methoxyflurane. Examination of the relationships among the caffeine specific concentrations in the presence of the various anaesthetics shows significant differences for the comparisons of halothane with the other three anaesthetics but, for the most part, the comparisons among methoxyflurane, enflurane and isoflurane are not meaningful statistically.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1980

An unusual lesion presenting as a parotid tumor.

Granulomatosis with vasculitis presenting as a parotid tumor is discussed. Review of the literature reveals no similar case to date. The clinical manifestations and pathological findings are described with the surgical and medical management of the case discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The preservation of medically important fungi.

Details are given of a method, first described in 1962, for preservation of fungi in anhydrous silica gel. It is shown that the procedure is suitable for use with dermatophytes, yeasts and other fungi of medical importance and that they may be preserved for periods of 5 years or more.

Fungi↗
PubMed1979

Lack of release of prostaglandins from isolated perfused lungs during pulmonary hypertension and oedema.

1 The effects on pulmonary prostaglandin synthesis of pulmonary hypertension and oedema have been studied. 2 Seventeen isolated lungs of rabbit, cat and guinea-pig were perfused with plasma, whole blood or Krebs Ringer solution in a recirculating system. 3 The venous effluent from the lungs superfused (10 ml/min) a series of smooth muscle tissues sensitive to prostaglandins and thromboxane A2; these were: rat stomach strip, rat colon, chick rectum and rabbit aorta. 4 Left atrial pressure was increased by between 10 and 30 mmHg for periods of 3 to 59 minutes. Gross alveolar oedema eventually developed in all experiments. 5 Neither pulmonary hypertension nor subsequent oedema caused release of prostaglandins into the venous effluent.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Release of prostaglandin-like substances during elevations of left atrial pressure in the cat.

The purpose of the present work was to measure prostaglandin (PG)-like activity in arterial blood during acute pulmonary hypertension. Anesthetized cats with the chest opened and given positive pressure ventilation were used. A balloon in the left atrium was inflated to elevate hydrostatic vascular pressure in the lungs. Blood was pumped (10 ml/min) from a carotid artery to superfuse 3 smooth muscle tissues: rat stomach strip, rat colon and chick rectum: the blood was then returned to the jugular vein by gravity. The assay tissues were pretreated with antagonists against catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and acetylcholine during the experiments. They were sensitive to calibrating doses of 2 ng/ml of PGF2 alpha and 1 ng/ml of PGE2. 18 periods with elevated left atrial pressure (P LA) (21--49 mmHg), lasting 2--26 min, were applied in 9 cats. This manoevre usually also caused systemic hypotension. 14 of these PLA elevations were accompanied by increased arterial PG-like activity, which rapidly subsided when the pressure was released or when indomethacin (2 mg/kg, n = 4) was given i.v. In 3 additional experiments it was found that pulmonary degradation of PGs was unaffected during P LA elevation. I.v. infusion of angiotensin II contracted the tissues in a pattern different from that caused by pressure elevations and the PG calibrations, and these contractions were not affected by indomethacin. This indicates that the assay tissue contractions cannot be caused by angiotensin II which alone does not increase PG-like activity in arterial blood. Consequently, acute pulmonary vascular hypertension appears to stimulate PG synthesis and release in lungs of intact cats.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1978

Release of prostaglandin-like substances and lung reactions to induced intravascular platelet aggregation in cats.

Induced intravascular aggregation of blood platelets gives pulmonary vasoconstrictor and bronchoconstrictor responses, which might be mediated by bioactive substances from the platelets. The aim of the present work was to see if these lung reactions could be related to the release of prostaglandin-like substances (PGLS). Repeated episodes of platelet aggregation were induced by i.v. infusions of collagen in anaesthetized cats ventilated at a constant tidal volume. Arterial blood was pumped from a carotid artery (10 ml/min) to superfuse a series of smooth muscle organs sensitive to prostaglandins (PGs): rabbit aorta, rat stomach strip, rat colon and chick rectum. In two experiments cat jejunum replaced the rabbit aorta in order to detect kinins. All tissues were pretreated with antagonists against catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and acetylcholine. The bioassay tissues were calibrated with standard doses of PGE2 and PGF2alpha. Collagen infusions caused lung responses (as judged from the rise in peak tracheal pressure) and in most cases also a transient systemic hypotension. Simultaneously, contractions of the bioassay tissues occurred, indicating release of PGLS. Such release was only detected as long as lung responses could be elicited by i.v. collagen infusions. These findings imply that PGs and/or the various intermediates in PG synthesis might mediate the pulmonary smooth muscle constriction occurring after intravascular platelet aggregation.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1973

A multidisciplinary approach to the problems of the multihandicapped blind child.

A multidisciplinary team is described which was developed for dealing with the complex problems of the visually handicapped child in British Columbia. One hundred blind children were studied. Optic atrophy was the most frequent type of ocular pathology, followed by cataracts and retinopathy of prematurity. The most common etiological basis of blindness was genetic followed by unknown, infective and due to excessive neonatal oxygen. Seventy-seven percent of the patients had one to seven additional disabilities. The role of the physician in the handling of blind children and the need for him to be increasingly exposed to the chronically handicapped in his training are emphasized.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗