Biomedical subjects
E Schumann
Publications and source records attributed to E Schumann.
[Isotope methods in the diagnosis of venous disease. I. Methods of radionuclide venography (author's transl)].
The method of radionuclide venography is best determined by the localisation and type of suspected venous abnormality. The authors describe four methods using 99mTc microspheres and 99mTc-pertechnetate. Correlation of the isotope and angiographic findings in 150 patients indicated an accuracy of 90% for the isotope methods. The risks of radionuclide venography are discussed. Isotope venography is recommended as a simple, non-invasive technique.
[Isotope methods in the diagnosis of venous disease. II. Results of radionuclide venography (author's transl)].
The frequency of scintigraphic findings in the presence of thromboses, post-thrombotic changes and in normal veins, was determined in 150 patients. The results of radionuclide venography and contrast venography in these patients have been compared. Abnormalities in veins can be detected by radionuclide venography with a high degree of accuracy. Differentiation between acute and chronic thrombosis and post-thrombotic changes can only be made by invasive contrast venography.
[Isotope methods in the radiological diagnosis of venous disease. II. Indications and accuracy (author's transl)].
Radiological diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of abnormalities of veins were discussed in the light of 1,683 contrast venograms and isotope examinations in 650 patients with acute and chronic diseases of veins. For patients with increased thrombotic risks, the 125 I-fibrinogen test is recommended as a sensitive and simple method. Where there are symptoms of venous thrombosis, radionuclide venography, together with other noninvasive methods, may be used for establishing whether there are indications for contrast venography. These may also provide evidence of previous pulmonary emboli. These methods should also be used where there is clinical suspicion of previous pulmonary emboli. Non-invasive isotope methods have proved to be sensitive techniques for preliminary examinations and for follow-up. Contrast venography is necessary if definitive treatment is planned.
[99mTc marking of gel foam for catheter embolisation (author's transl)].
A simple method is described for marking gel foam particles with 99mTc after reduction of the pertechnetate. This is carried out in the Luer lock syringe to be used for the injection. After embolisation and control angiography, the patient is placed under a scintillation camera. The position of the embolising material can then be demonstrated scintigraphically. In six patients marked emboli were found to be correctly placed. In another patient undergoing a second embolisation for a renal tumour, particles were found in the peripheral circulation.
[On the problem of the "more early" diagnosis of spinal cord tumours in children and infants (author's transl)].
A report is given on 40 spinal cord tumours in children and infants, the diagnosis of which was considerably delayed in part. 28 children were hospitalised because of fixed paralysis, incomplete or complete compression of spinal cord or cauda. Persisting pain in various sections of the spine, often combined with abnormalities in posture and position are suspicious on tumour as long as another cause is proved. X-ray pictures and analysis of lumbarcerebrospinal fluid are in the most cases of decisive importance for a progressing diagnosis. Myeloscintigraphy is specially useful for an early and exclusing diagnosis.
[Venography with radionuclides--methods and results (author's transl)].
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[Modulation of dose distributions in radiation therapy of malignant tumours by circular segment filters of Wood's metal (author's transl)].
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The selenium state of children. II. Selenium content of serum, whole blood, hair and the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase in dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria and maple-syrup-urine disease.
The selenium content of serum, whole blood and hair was measured by neutron activation analysis in dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and maple-syrup-urine disease (MSUD). Follow-up studies showed a decrease of the serum selenium content and the glutathione peroxidase activity of erythrocytes--a selenoenzyme--from normal values at the beginning of the diet to 20% (selenium) and 50% (gluthione peroxidase) of normal within 10--12 weeks of dietary treatment. In 36 patients the serum selenium content was lower at 6.7--28 X 10(-9) g/ml, independent of the age of the patients (0.5 to 10 years). The selenium content of whole blood was reduced: median = 98 X 10(-9) g/g dry weight; range 75 to 165 X 10(-9) g/g dry weitht (healthy children: median = 381 X 10(-9) g/g dry weight; range 245 to 588 X 10(-9) g/g dry weight). The selenium content of hair was markedly lower in the patients (median = 62 X 10(-9) g/g; range 13--140 X 10(-9) g/g) than in healthy children (median = 429; range 213 to 720 X 10(-9) g/g). The mean glutathione peroxidase activity of erythrocytes was reduced to 4.6 +/- 0.64 U37/g Hb, comparison to normal values (mean = 8.8 +/- 0.88 U37/g Hb).
[Scintigraphic evidence of changes in liver shape following splenectomy (author's transl)].
It has been suggested in the literature that, following splenectomy, the shape and position of the liver become altered and that this may lead to errors in the interpretation of the liver scans. For this reason, liver scans before and after splenectomy were compared in 16 patients with Hodgkin's disease. No changes in shape or position of the liver were found which could be related to the splenectomy. However, the clinical features and treatment must be known to ensure correct interpretation.
[Radiation dose to the finger during injection of short-lived radionucleids in nuclear medicine (author's transl)].
The increasing use of short-lived radionucleids has shifted much of the radiation from the patient to the personnel. The purpose of this investigation, therefore, was to ascertain the greatest possible radiation dose to the fingers during injection of short-lived radionucleids. Basis for radiation measurements were small ionisation chambers attached to plastic syringes filled with radio-active material. By examples of typical situations, it was shown that the legally permissable values for partial body exposure may be exceeded. The necessity for using screening of the syringes is stressed. A simple method for making screening cylinders out of Wood's metal is described.
[Significance of the embolization of the arteria renalis for the treatment of kidney tumours (author's transl)].
In 24 patients with malignant kidney tumours percutaneous embolizations of the arteria renalis were performed in about 1 year. The material for embolization was gelatine-sponge-particles. The embolization was done pre-operatively, usually in connection with the arteriographic examination of kidney tumours (hypernephroid carcinoma). In 2 patients without operation it was done as a palliative measure. Our favourable results to improve the operability of tumours agree with reports in the literature. According to our opinion the pre-operative embolization of the arteria renalis with kidney tumours offers the possibility of a blood-sparing operation and a reduction of tumour-cell outwashings.
["Massfunktionen" as limit conditions of an optimization scheme for the telecobalt therapy (author's transl)].
The basic ideas of the "Score-Funktionen-Modell" of Hope and his collaborators are used for the establishment of the first stage of an optimization scheme for the telecobalt therapy. The new "Massfunktionen" for the telecobalt therapy are limit conditions for the criterion of the optimum, i.e. the dose distribution in a body section. The "Massfunktionen" are an analytic registration of parameters for the dose distribution such as dose homogeneity in the focal region and sparing of the subcutaneous tissues, the radiosensitive organs and the sound surroundings of the tumor. The functions are derived from the dose conditions in the irradiated body section. At the actual stage of development of the optimization scheme, these functions allow to decide whether an irradiation scheme is acceptable or not.
[Alloy according to Wood, a radiologically interesting material for the self-production of individual collimators and radiation protective means (author's transl)].
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[Diagnostic by angiography of soft tissue tumors of the extremities (author's transl)].
The diagnostic efficacy of angiography in soft tissue tumors of the extremities (15 malign, 16 benign) has been examined. Each of the malignant processes could be diagnosed correctly. We obtained two wrong positive results in chronic inflammatory processes. Both cases showed several angiographically malignant criteria.
[Radiation pneumonitis as a complication in the aftertreatment of bronchial and mediastinal tumour patients (author's transl)].
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[Invasive myocardial perfusion scan with (131)I-MAA and (99m)Tc-Microspheres (author's transl)].
Hemodynamic evaluation of coronary artery stenosis is indicated in patients with ischemic heart disease. For this purpose myocardial perfusion scans are performed. In our study myocardial scans were performed by selective injection of 60 to 80 muCi of (131)I-MAA in the right coronary artery and of 3 mCi of (99m)Tc-microspheres in the left coronary artery. Four views (RAO, LAO, AP, LLAT) were taken with an Anger-Camera and a computer-control-led color-coded display system (Picker Dyna-Came-ra 3C/12 and Kruppe Atlas Elektronik EPR 1100, medium energy collimator). Right and left coronary artery perfusion images were stored and two-colour image produced. Following computer processing (smoothing, normalization) the images were added and photographed in color. In comparision with scans and left-ventricular and coronary angiography the sensitivity of the nuclear medicine method was shown in cases with reduced perfusion. Therefore the perfusion scans seem to be useful in combination with angiography for the determination of therapy.
[On the correlation of 125I-fibrinogen test of contrast medium phlebography in patients with increased risk of thrombosis].
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