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Biomedical subjects

E Schuller

Publications and source records attributed to E Schuller.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Presence of a Tamm-Horsfall-like glycoprotein in the CSF of neurology patients. First results.

A protein antigenically similar to Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein ( THLG ) was determined in CSF by affinity chromatography followed by a radioimmunological assay. THLG seems not to be a constituent of normal CSF or an autoantigen. It probably originates from nervous tissue and not from plasma proteins. Its mean is higher in the CSF of multiple sclerosis patients than in the CSF of degenerative disorders patients. THLG seems to be a chemical component of neuronal membrane and its physiological functions remain unknown.

Blood-Brain Barrier↗
PubMed1984

Intrathecal origin of CSF ribonuclease. Differences between infectious processes of the nervous system and multiple sclerosis.

A CSF Poly(C)-avid ribonuclease (RNase) activity was determined in serum and CSF of 11 controls and 75 neurological patients (34 multiple sclerosis (MS), 18 infectious processes and 23 other neurological diseases (OND]. In controls, the blood-CSF ratio of RNase activity is low. This fact and the absence of correlation between serum and CSF RNase activity (except in OND group), and between CSF albumin and CSF RNase activity in controls and MS patients, suggest an intrathecal origin for the major part of this CSF RNase activity. A formula taking into account any plasmatic enrichment in RNase of the CSF is proposed to evaluate this intrathecal activity. The normal mean value of this intrathecal RNase activity is 27 +/- 3 units/ml (mean +/- SE) in our experimental conditions and using our formula. The highest intrathecal RNase activity is observed in infectious processes and this finding is associated with a significant increase in the local anti-RNA antibody synthesis. An increase in intrathecal RNase activity is rarely found in MS and local anti-RNA synthesis is only observed in one third of MS patients.

Albumins↗
PubMed1984

Presence of Z-DNA specific antibodies in Crohn's disease, polyradiculoneuritis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Two modified polynucleotides having the Z-DNA conformation (poly [dG-dC] dien Pt and poly [dG-br5dC] . poly [dG-br5dC]) have been used for determination of antibodies to Z-DNA. Such antibodies were found in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and with Crohn's disease. They were scarcely observed in polyradiculoneuritis and in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In Crohn's disease sera, no antibodies to B-DNA were ever found but presence of two different families of antibodies to Z-DNA was demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Pure spinal cysticercosis. Note on the cerebrospinal fluid].

A patient from Benin experienced bilateral sciatic pain, followed by a progressive sensori-motor defect of the lower limbs. Five years after, he displayed symptoms and signs of a thoracic spinal cord compression, but no definite level could be determined. Myelography showed numerous intrathecal cysts from the cauda equina to the cervical cord. The diagnosis of cysticercosis was made by examination of the cysts removed after lumbar laminectomy. The search for another localisation of the parasite was negative. Repeated examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed the presence of eosinophils, a high protein concentration, and a local synthesis of immunoglobulin G with an oligoclonal profile on electrophoresis. An accidental cyst punction revealed a fluid with protein migration in the alpha, beta and gamma ranges and a local synthesis of immunoglobulin A. Treatment with Praziquantel was uneffective.

Cysticercosis↗
PubMed1983

[Cerebromeningeal location of chronic lymphoid leukemia. Rapid immunochemical diagnosis and complete remission by intrathecal chemotherapy].

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a rare complication of chronic lymphoid leukaemia (CLL). The occurrence of lymphocytic meningitis in the course of CLL suggests either CNS involvement by the leukaemic process or infection (especially tuberculosis) related to continuous immunodepression. We report a case of CLL in which leukaemic cells had surface IgM and produced IgM kappa without significant depression of other immunoglobulins. When the patient developed meningitis, measurement of serum and CSF albumin IgG and IgM levels showed that 88% of CSF IgM resulted from local synthesis, while 70% of CSF IgG resulted from serum transsudation. These results suggest that a large number of neuromeningeal lymphoid cells produce the same class of IgM as leukaemic cells and therefore constitute a localization of the disease. Complete remission of the meningitis by intrathecal anti-leukaemic chemotherapy confirmed this hypothesis.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

Development of a radioimmunoassay for 'Tamm-Horsfall-like' glycoprotein in serum and cerebrospinal fluid.

Affinity chromatography purification was combined with a radioimmunoassay for 'Tamm-Horsfall-like' glycoprotein. This enabled serum concentrations to be established and to demonstrate its presence in cerebrospinal fluid for the first time. This assay method used in different circumstances suggests a multifocal synthesis. Nevertheless, urinary Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein so far must be distinguished from the serum or cerebrospinal fluid Tamm-Horsfall-like glycoprotein.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Determination in the nanogram range of C1q in serum and unconcentrated CSF by electro-immunodiffusion.

A new method for the determination of C1q in serum and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) is described. The method has a sensitivity of 6 ng per assay or 1.2 mg/l. With this technique the mean value for C1q in normal human serum was 276 +/- 25 mg/l. The ratio of C1q in the blood compared with that in the CSF of normal individuals was more than 400: 1, since essentially no C1q could be detected in normal CSF. This ratio dropped considerably in some patients with neurological disorders, due to an increase in C1q levels in the CSF. Evidence is presented that these increased levels of CSF C1q are largely due to local synthesis of C1q rather than transudation of plasma C1q. This suggests that C1q in the CSF may serve as a marker of macrophage activity inside the central nervous system.

Complement Activating Enzymes↗
PubMed1983

[Cerebrospinal fluid in benign and malignant monoclonal dysglobulinemias].

The authors compared 9 cases of myeloma and 2 cases of Waldenström's disease with 10 cases of benign monoclonal gammapathies. None of the patients (except one) had neurological involvement; one patient hab diabetes. The study was focused on the immunoglobulins and proteins in the CSF. The following observations were made: - The CSF protein was raised in 8 out of the 11 malignant gammopathies and in 5 out of the 10 benign gammopathies; - An identical monoclonal protein was found in the CSF and serum in all the cases of malignant gammopathies. In the cases considered to be benign, the results were less concordant: one IgM lymphoma had normal CSF; three IgG dysglobulinemias had different immunoglobulins proteins in their CSF: - The mean CSF immunoglobulin level was much higher in the myeloma patients than in the benign gammopathies; - A number of findings suggest intrathecal secretion (at least in the malignant gammopathies). This is also true in a good number of the benign gammopathy cases. Direct tumoural invasion of the CSF may be more common than generally supposed. However, the study of CSF immunoglobulins alone does not establish the diagnosis of malignant dysglobulinemia. Nevertheless, the authors consider that the finding of intrathecal secretion of immunoglobulin, especially in patients with a discordance in FAB and FC fractions, should lead to a closer follow-up of these patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Central nervous system IgG synthesis in multiple sclerosis. Application of a new formula.

A new formula for the determination of local central nervous system IgG synthesis has been applied to a group of 191 patients with multiple sclerosis. There were no correlations with sex, age, duration of disease, or clinical status but local IgG synthesis was significantly greater in patients with high levels of disability and a progressive clinical course than those with lower degrees of disability or a relapsing/remitting course. Significant correlations were found between oligoclonal aspect and local IgG synthesis; this synthesis was higher in CSF containing anti-viral and anti-nucleic acid antibodies than in CSF without such antibodies. There was also a lower local IgG synthesis when C-reactive protein (CRP) was present in serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

First results of immunotherapy with immunoglobulin G in multiple sclerosis patients.

31 patients with multiple sclerosis were treated for an mean period of 4 years with high doses of human immunoglobulin. Overall, one third improved, one third showed no change and one third deteriorated. The effect of treatment was not related to any clinical or biological variable except perhaps the immunogenetic profile (HLA). The potential role of this symptomatic treatment is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Association of Guillain-Barre syndrome and B-virus hepatitis: simultaneous presence of anti-DS-DNA antibodies and HBs antigen in cerebrospinal-fluid.

HBs antigen was found in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with acute type B virus hepatitis and Guillain-Barré syndrome. At the onset of the neurologic disease, immunological study of the spinal fluid revealed local synthesis of immunoglobulins and, in particular, anti-double-stranded DNA IgG antibodies. These abnormalities disappeared when the neurologic syndrome remitted. These findings suggest the extension of viral aggression to the central nervous system, perhaps at the onset of the neurologic disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to single-stranded and double-stranded nucleic acids in neurological diseases.

Two different subpopulations of IgG antibodies to nucleic acids may be demonstrated: (1) IgG directed against single-stranded (ss) nucleic acids: they are found in normal human serum and increased in sera in subacute sclerosing panencephalities, multiple sclerosis and in other neurological diseases. Absent from normal cerebrospinal fluid, they can be synthetized inside the central nervous system during these diseases. Their only common antigenic determinant seems to be the polymeric single-stranded structure. No correlation can be demonstrated between their increase in sera and their local synthesis (inside the central nervous system) and between these data and the clinical stage. These facts suggest a "non-specific" reaction and not a pathogenic mechanism. (2) IgG antibodies directed against double-stranded (ds) nucleic acids: they were detected in cerebrospinal fluid during 3 neurological diseases only, all of proved viral etiology: subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, herpes meningoencephalitis and B hepatitis polyradiculoneuritis. These antibodies are also synthetized inside the central nervous system, and are distinct from antibodies to ss nucleic acids. The mechanism of production and the signification of these antibodies remains unknown, and their scarcity in MS patients must be stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Local synthesis of CSF immunoglobulins. A neuroimmunological classification.

The relationship between serum and CSF IgG has been analysed: (1) In patients with a normal CSF concentration of albumin, no correlation can be demonstrated between serum IgG and CSF IgG. (2) In cases where the CSF albumin concentration is elevated (i.e. transudation), local synthesis of IgG can be determined by reference of the degree of transudation of albumin and the serum IgG concentration. The combination of local IgG synthesis and transudation (meningitic pattern) is common. Most pure transudates are of "non-inflammatory" type. A very simple formula is proposed which evaluates the relationship between local and general immunity in all neurological diseases.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1981

Immunological studies in human ageing. II. Associated increase in anti-RNA and anti-DNA antibodies.

Antibodies against nucleic acids have been studied by counter-immunoelectrophoresis in 95 aged subjects. Increased levels of anti-DNA and/or anti-RNA antibodies were found in 74% of the cases, and immune complexes were detected in 21% of the cases. The increase of anti-DNA antibodies was correlated with that of rheumatoid factor and increased serum IgG levels, whereas the increase of anti-RNA antibodies was associated with decreased serum IgM level and decreased lymphocyte response to PHA.

Adolescent↗