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Biomedical subjects

E Rubinstein

Publications and source records attributed to E Rubinstein.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Whole gut lavage for colonoscopy. A comparison between preparation at home or at the hospital.

The clinical efficiency and patient acceptability of peroral colonic lavage with a 3 liters balanced electrolyte solution (BES), when performed either at the hospital on the day of colonoscopy or during the preceding evening in the patient's home, was evaluated in 62 consecutive outpatients. No significant difference was found between adequacy of bowel preparation, when the lavage was performed in the patient's home or at the hospital. The bowel preparation was found to be satisfactory in 61% and 77% of the patients. The percentage of sufficient preparation was 60% of the patients, who were not able to drink 3 litres of BES within the 2-hours period. This study demonstrated that colonic lavage with BES could be performed equally well at home the day before colonoscopy as at the hospital on the day of colonoscopy. The relatively low rate of sufficient preparation was related to the fixed and small volume of BES ingested. To improve the adequacy of bowel preparation a graded intake of BES is suggested.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Disc space infection and vertebral osteomyelitis as a complication of percutaneous lateral discectomy.

Percutaneous lateral discectomy (PLD) in a 32-year-old man was followed by postoperative disc space infection and adjacent vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The simplicity and decreased morbidity associated with PLD may be offset by severe infections. The small incision made in the annulus during PLD may not allow adequate drainage in the case of infection and may subsequently direct the infective process to the adjacent vertebral endplates. Meticulous aseptic technique, and possibly the use of prophylactic antibiotic therapy, is important in PLD.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Comparative activity of ofloxacin with reference to bacterial strains isolated in in-patients and out-patients.

The in vitro activity of ofloxacin, a new quinolone derivative, was compared to that of other agents commonly in use against pathogens isolated in the community and in the hospital. None of the community or hospital strains isolated from urinary tract infection showed resistance to ofloxacin, while variable resistance was demonstrable with all other oral agents. Similar results were obtained with pathogens isolated from infected wounds originating in the community and in the hospital. Among pathogens isolated from the respiratory tract, ofloxacin was most active against Haemophilus influenzae, but less active than the penicillin-cephalosporin group against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Ofloxacin was active against all but one (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) blood culture isolates. Of 112 strains isolated from community-acquired infections, only one strain was ofloxacin-resistant while resistance to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, ampicillin and doxycycline was 34%, 42% and 30%, respectively. Among 219 pathogens originating from nosocomial infections, 3.2% were resistant to ofloxacin compared to 56% for cefazolin, to 7.2% for cefotaxime, 15.8% for piperacillin and 22.3% for gentamicin. These results suggest that ofloxacin has great therapeutic potential for the therapy of bacterial infections originating both in the community and in the hospital.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Immunity of hospital personnel against polio virus.

Sera from 275 employees of three hospitals were tested for the presence of antibodies to polio virus. Immunity was found to increase with age, and was higher in personnel directly involved in patient care than in the others. Previous exposure to poliomyelitis as well as a history of previous immunization did not correlate with the immunological status of the employee. When antibodies against one of the three polio types or more could not be demonstrated, the employee was vaccinated by an inactivated polio virus vaccine.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hematemesis caused by jejunogastric intussusception.

A case of hematemesis caused by jejunal gastric intussusception diagnosed by gastroscopy is presented. The acute form of gastric intussusception is a rare condition after gastric surgery, but it is important to be aware of the remote possibility because of a tremendously high mortality, if treatment is delayed more than 48 hours. The gastroscopic evaluation of the acute type may be extremely difficult, especially after gastric resection, the survey being very poor.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Cell surface hydrophobicity of pigmented and nonpigmented clinical Serratia marcescens strains.

The cell surface hydrophobicity of 10 pigmented and 4 nonpigmented clinical Serratia marcescens strains was studied, based on the ability of the strains to adhere to hydrocarbons and to polystyrene. The cell surface hydrophobicity depended greatly on growth temperature; all of the strains tested were adherent following growth at 30 degrees C, whereas none was adherent following growth at 38 degrees C. In previous studies, the pigment prodigiosin has been cited as responsible for cell surface hydrophobicity in various Serratia strains. However, the observed ability of the nonpigmented strains to adhere to the test hydrocarbons and to polystyrene indicates that Serratia strains can possess hydrophobic surface properties in the absence of this pigment. Moreover, strain 1785 cells were adherent whether they were grown at 30 or 36.5 degrees C, even though pigment was not synthesized at the higher temperature. In Escherichia coli correlations have been noted between increased cell surface hydrophobicity and the presence of mannose-specific adhesins; no such relationship was found in the S. marcescens strains tested. The expression of cell surface hydrophobicity in clinical S. marcescens strains at 30 degrees C and the loss of hydrophobicity at host temperatures raise the possibility that infective cells from the environment are initially hydrophobic, but lose this property upon subsequent proliferation within a host.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1986

In vitro activity of ciprofloxacin compared with other agents against recent hospital isolates.

Ciprofloxacin's in vitro activity was tested against 385 hospital isolates originating from three geographically distinct regions. Of all strains tested, only three (1 Acinetobacter sp. and 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were ciprofloxacin resistant. Ciprofloxacin was more active against Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Acinetobacter sp., Proteus sp., Shigella sp. than gentamicin, mezlocillin and cefotaxime. It was more active than azlocillin and cefsulodin against P. aeruginosa. It was more active than cloxacillin and cefamandole against staphylococci. It was as active as cefotaxime against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens. Ciprofloxacin demonstrated similar activity in broth and solid agar. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's) of all strains were similar to the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC's). Ciprofloxacin's MIC was not influenced by increase of the inoculum or addition of human serum and only slightly influenced by anaerobic conditions. Decrease of the medium pH increased the MIC substantially. Ciprofloxacin exhibited a rapid bactericidal effect and had only a minimal post-antibiotic effect. These favorable in vitro characteristics of ciprofloxacin warrant further studies.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1986

Salmonella osteomyelitis after internal fixation of fracture.

A patient with Salmonella group D (Salmonella enteritidis) acute osteomyelitis of an operated femur is described. The patient failed to respond to chloramphenicol therapy and aztreonam therapy. The local infection that complicated the presence of a foreign body was eradicated only with the removal of the foreign body, an internal fixation plate.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Formalin treatment of radiation-induced hemorrhagic proctitis.

A 71-year-old man developed severe hemorrhagic proctitis 1 year after pelvic irradiation for carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Conservative treatment as well as performance of a colostomy failed to control the rectal bleeding. After irrigation of the rectum with a formalin solution the bleeding stopped, and no recurrence has been observed for the next 14 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Clinical aspects of second-look laparotomy in ovarian cancer.

Second-look laparotomy was performed in 56 patients with ovarian cancer, who presented no clinical evidence of disease after completion of a treatment program with chemotherapy. At the second-look laparotomy 31 of the patients were found to have residual disease, and 25 patients had no residual tumour. During the second-look operations we found it difficult to evaluate macroscopically whether there was any residual disease. 21% of the patients were estimated as false negative and 6% as false positive. This stresses the importance of taking multiple biopsies in the absence of clearly visible residual disease confirmed by frozen sections.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Mitigation of the response of Friesian calves to live Babesia bovis vaccine by treatment with long acting oxytetracycline.

Forty 11- to 13-month-old Friesian calves were inoculated with live Babesia bovis vaccine. Twenty of the calves were treated with long acting oxytetracycline seven and 15 days after receiving the vaccine. Parasites were detected in nine of the treated calves compared with all 20 of the untreated control group. Treated calves were less febrile and had higher packed cell volumes than control animals. All calves from both groups developed a considerable antibody titre to B bovis. It appears that long acting oxytetracycline can mitigate the response of sensitive cattle breeds to live antibabesial vaccine and prevent damage caused by excessive multiplication of B bovis parasites.

Animals↗