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Biomedical subjects

E Rossi

Publications and source records attributed to E Rossi.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Intracranial gangliogliomas.

Five cases of intracranial gangliomas in their clinical, diagnostic and surgical aspects are presented. In four cases we arrived at the diagnosis by CT-scan, which showed in all of them, calcified lesions without a mass effect. Total surgical resection was performed in four cases, and there is no evidence of recurrence either clinically or in the CT-scan after different follow-up periods. Although infrequent, these kinds of tumours should enter the differential diagnosis at any time when there a calcified mass exists in children or young patients with a long history of seizures. In our experience, seizures were the most important sign in all cases with supratentorial gangliogliomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Nocturnal prolactin secretion in carpal tunnel syndrome.

The correlation between plasma PRL levels and CTS was investigated in 21 patients in whom a specific causal agent of CTS could not be identified. No correlation between plasma PRL levels and other clinical and neurophysiological data was detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Early diagnosis of cystic fibrosis by means of sweat microosmometry.

A modified sweat test procedure was studied to evaluate its practicability in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in newborn infants. By means of vapor pressure osmometry, we measured sweat osmolality in 131 healthy children and 63 patients with CF. Reference values were determined according to age: healthy infants 4 to 9 days of age; 121 +/- 23 mmol/kg (mean +/- SD); healthy infants 10 days to 2 months, 109 +/- 13 mmol/kg; healthy infants 2 to 12 months, 86 +/- 13 mmol/kg; and healthy children and adults 2 to 23 years, 105 +/- 14 mmol/kg. The mean of corresponding values for the 63 patients with CF was 267 +/- 34 mmol/kg. There was no overlap of values in any age group, even when the 2 SD limit was taken into account. Thus the diagnosis of CF can be made by means of this approach in newborn infants 8 days of age or older.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Effects of 'central hypervolemia' by Water immersion on renin-aldosterone system and ACTH-cortisol axis in hemodialyzed patients.

Water immersion up to the neck (WI) results in a central hypervolemia; the increased atrial pressure, evoked by this maneuver, stimulates low pressure receptors (LPR) which exert tonic inhibition on sympathetic activity and suppresses both the renin (PRA)-aldosterone (PA) system and the ACTH-cortisol axis in normal man. In hemodialyzed patients (HP), in whom autonomic neuropathy has been frequently found, PRA and ACTH were not suppressed during WI while plasma cortisol and PA were reduced. Other modulators, like dopamine, are supposed to be involved in regulating cortisol and PA levels in HP.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1984

Hairy cell leukemia: a retrospective study of 235 cases by the Italian Cooperative Group (ICGHCL) according to Jansen's clinical staging system.

This is a report from a cooperative study on hairy cell leukemia (HCL) involving 20 Hematology Departments in Italy. Data for the patients was collected between January 1967 and December 1981 and included 235 cases of which 203 could be evaluated; 160 were males (78.8%) and 43 females (21.2%) with an M:F ratio of about 3:1; mean age was 54 years (range 26-82 yrs). The diagnostic criteria of admission were: typical aspect of hairy cells, in peripheral blood and bone marrow smears, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positivity, typical bone marrow, spleen, liver and/or lymph node histology, and/or electronmicroscopy. On the basis of hemoglobin level and spleen size at the time of diagnosis, three stages could be distinguished according to Jansen: 51 patients, 27 of which splenectomized, were in stage I; 67 patients, of which 44 splenectomized, were in stage II; 85 patients of which 60 splenectomized, were in stage III. The actuarial survival curves of these patients showed clear distinction between the three stages. In the first stage the difference in survival, between splenectomized and nonsplenectomized groups, was not statistically significant (p less than 0.5): on the contrary, in stages II and III the difference in survival was statistically significant (stages II and III; p less than 0.01).

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Primary cerebral lymphoma: the "ghost tumor". Case report.

A case of primary cerebral lymphoma is presented. The particular biological features of these tumors may pose a special problem. In this case, the lesion was diagnosed on computerized tomography (CT) but was not found at surgery. The disappearance of the lesion was associated with a long period of corticosteroid therapy between CT diagnosis and the operation.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Parailiac ectopic bone after Cloward procedure. Case report.

A rare case of parailiac ectopic bone formation 10 years after a Cloward procedure is presented. Dystrophic calcification of a previous hematoma or deposit of bone dust were considered to be the origin of this unusual complication.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Prolonged course and relapses of acute type A hepatitis.

Sixty-nine consecutive patients with acute type A hepatitis were followed-up to establish the natural history of the disease. Illicit drug abusers were not included in this study. 19% (13/69) of the patients at 6th month, and 6% (4/69) at 12th month showed aminotransferase (ALT) values at least two folds the upper levels. The histological examinations performed in 5 of these cases suggest that persistence of abnormal ALT levels may be related to a misdiagnosed chronic liver disease preexisting the acute type A hepatitis. Three of the 69 patients had a relapsing hepatitis with two peaks of serum ALT 6-8 weeks apart. The illness resolved uneventfully in all these patients. The exclusion of exposure to liver toxins such as alcohol or drugs, as well as other known hepatitis virus infection in these cases, suggests that the two distinct episodes of hepatitis could be the result of the sequential infection of hepatitis A and non-A, non-B viruses.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Long-term cimetidine in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomized double-blind study.

A prospective, randomized double-blind study of 38 children with cystic fibrosis (CF) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cimetidine in improving fat absorption and clinical condition. The treatment consisted of cimetidine or placebo, 600 mg/m2 body surface/day, over a 4-mo period. Clinical state, weight, height, skinfold thickness, lung function tests, para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) peptide test, and plasma lipid and lipoprotein determinations were performed before and after the treatment period. Compared with age-matched healthy children, patients showed decreased cholesterol (150.2 +/- 31.2 mg/dl, mean +/- SD), decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (44.1 +/- 11.8 mg/dl), and decreased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (84.1 +/- 25.5 mg/dl) whereas the triglycerides and the very low density lipoprotein triglycerides were slightly elevated (118.2 +/- 33.0 mg/dl and 60.5 +/- 17.5 mg/dl, respectively). Apoprotein B and AI were slightly reduced and Apoprotein AII was in the normal range. After the 4-mo treatment no significant change in clinical condition, weight, or lipoprotein patterns could be detected between the two groups. The total PABA recovery in urine also did not change significantly (36.6 +/- 19.4% of the dosage given before versus 28.7 +/- 12.9% after 4 mo in the cimetidine group). Cimetidine gave rise to bronchoconstriction as shown by an increase in airway resistance (mean increase 14.8%) whereas the placebo group had a decreased Raw with a mean of 8.3%. Patients with CF have a dyslipoproteinemia that was not influenced by cimetidine. We conclude that cimetidine does not improve fat absorption and has, therefore, no place and no benefit in the treatment of children with CF.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Clinical significance of enzymatic deficiencies in the gastrointestinal tract with particular reference to lactase deficiency.

The study of deficiencies of small intestinal brush-border hydrolases increased our knowledge about the specific functions of hydrolases in the digestion of smaller molecules on the microvillus surface of the absorptive cells. The sucrase-isomaltase (SI) complex has been shown to be synthesized as a precursor (pro-sucrase-isomaltase) which is then incorporated into the membrane. The hydrophobic N-terminal end of the molecule is anchored in the lipid bilayer. In SI deficiency the molecular base of the disease is still not clear. Absence of SI activity could be due to complete lack of precursor synthesis or to structural changes within the N-terminal end of the SI-complex. Deficiencies of peptide hydrolases have not been reported with the exception of enteropeptidase (EP). Here a congenital deficiency of the enzyme was observed as the primary defect in enzyme synthesis within the enterocytes and as a secondary defect due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. In contrast to the primary EP deficiency, the activity of EP can be restored in the cases of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency by treatment with pancreatic extracts. Primary lactase deficiency exists in various forms. Besides congenital lactase deficiency, the late onset or adult type of lactase deficiency has been observed. The latter occurs in many different ethnic groups around the world. Here, using gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis, the lack of enzyme activity could be shown to be a primary defect in enzyme protein synthesis. In man and in the rat, two different lactases have been identified. In contrast to adult lactase, fetal lactase contains sialic acid at the end of carbohydrate side chains.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Acute type B hepatitis in parenteral drug-addicts (PDA): prognostic value of circulating HBsAg/IgM complexes.

Fifty-three parenteral drug-addicts with acute viral hepatitis type B were tested by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for circulating HBsAg/IgM complexes in the acute phase and in the follow-up. Among the 47 recovered patients HBsAg/IgM complexes were either absent from the onset of the disease, or disappeared from serum within 4 weeks of admission, long before HBsAg had cleared or serum alanine aminotransferase has returned to normal. On the contrary, HBsAg/IgM complexes persisted indefinitely among the 6 patients who developed a chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis. These results indicate that sequential serum testing for HBsAg/IgM complexes might be of value in predicting the long-term outcome of acute type B hepatitis of parenteral drug-addicts.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Varicella and herpes zoster in immunosuppressed children: preliminary results of treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Seven immunosuppressed children with varicella and two with herpes zoster were treated with large intravenous doses of polyvalent, intact immunoglobulin (IgG i.v.). In all patients the treatment was effective for controlling fever and skin lesions and for preventing progression and complications, even if this therapy was started late and/or if the patient was severely lymphopenic . More IgG was needed to control disseminated than less advanced varicella. No untoward effects of IgG therapy were observed. The preliminary results suggest that in future trials i.v. IgG should be used for comparison with antiviral agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[14C]cadralazine: absorption, distribution and excretion in rat and dog.

Absorption, distribution and excretion of [14C]cadralazine in rat after oral and i.v. administration of 3 mg/kg were studied. Plasma levels after oral administration of 10 and 45 mg/kg were also evaluated. A direct relation between dose and plasma levels was demonstrated. The drug was well absorbed, disappeared very rapidly from plasma, and was distributed in all the organs examined, with the highest concentration in liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract. For more than 4 days excretion was essentially through the urine (75.6% after i.v. and 80% after oral administration), whereas faecal and biliary excretions were quite low. The total recovery was respectively 77.6% and 83.2% after i.v. and oral administration of 3 mg/kg, with the greatest amount (65-70% of the administered dose) appearing in the first 4 to 7 hours. Placental transfer and excretion of radioactivity with milk were demonstrated. Drug-protein binding was 25.9%. Elimination of 14CO2 was not observed. Plasma levels in dog, after oral and i.v. administration of 1 mg/kg of labelled compound, showed similar behaviour to that observed in the rat. Binding of the radioactivity to erythrocytes was found; the radioactivity values observed up to 24 hours were constant with time and not dependent on the decreasing plasma levels. The total recovery (urine and faeces) in the dog over 4 days was 71.1% and 82.1% after oral and i.v. dose, respectively. Preliminary metabolic approaches in rats showed that cadralazine was essentially excreted as unchanged drug in the presence of minor metabolites.

Animals↗