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Biomedical subjects

E Riedel

Publications and source records attributed to E Riedel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Evaluation of lung function and pulmonary hypertension preceding surgery of acquired heart defects].

We investigated the connection between the pulmonary hypertension and the lung function in the preoperative time of 176 patients undergoing an operation for prosthetic valve replacement in mitral and aortal position and in both of them. Excluding other causes of restriction we found a distinct coherence between vital capacity and residual volume in heart failures of the mitral valve. The findings of patients with aortic valve disease of the heart show the same trend as in the mitral valve, but there are differences of quantity. The changed respiratory mechanics is dependent of the disturbed haemodynamics and depends on the duration of the development of the valvular defect, too.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Measurement of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery during an attack of asthma].

22 patients with asthma attacks were examined by microcatheter and the pressure in the pulmonary artery (PAP) was measured. The bronchial obstruction is characterized by decrease of FEV 1.0 (average mean 44% of the vital capacity). The average pressures in the pulmonary artery change from 12 to 32 Torr (1.5 kPa to 4.2 kPa) during asthma attacks. Average of the PAP mean 20 Torr (2.7 kPa). The examination was completed by application of 0.24 g aminophylline via the catheter. Decrease of the PAP of 4.1 Torr (0.5 kPa) led also to a decrease of wheezing. In 9 patients an additional decrease of the PAP was effected by the application of 0.8 mg nitroglycerin.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Metabolism and excretion of the neuroleptic drug perazine in healthy volunteers].

The renal and faecal excretion of a single dose of 75 mg 35S-labelled perazine was investigated. The time course of the total radioactivity in plasma could not be adjusted satisfactorily to a Bateman function, whereas the renal excretion of radioactivity corresponded to an open two-compartment model. The marked interindividual variation of the metabolic profile, and of plasma half-lives reported in patients was not observed in normal volunteers. Thus, it is suggested that such interindividual variance is related to the special conditions in psychiatric patients such as individual pretreatment strategies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

9,10-Dihydroergotalkaloids as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase.

A kinetic analysis of the interaction of 9,10-dihydroergotalkaloids with electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase [E.3.1.1.7] and acetylthiocholine as substrate shows a mixed type of inhibition of this enzyme. The inhibitor constants Ki were found to be for 9,10-dihydroergokryptine 198 mumol, 9,10-dihydroergotamine 144 mumol, 9,10-dihydroergocristine 117 mumol. A more potent inhibitor is ergotamine with the inhibitor constant Ki = 15 mumol and a mixed type of inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Contribution to the assessment of physical fitness in patients with pulmonary diseases on the basis of cardiopulmonary and ergometric parameters (author's transl)].

In 270 patients with COLD, bronchial asthma, exogenic allergic alveolitis or fibrosis of the lung measurements of VC, FEV 1,0, Rt, RV, DL CO, CL, PO2 and PAP (by means of floating catheter) were made. Results of measurements at rest and during exercise were compared after statistical treatment in the above groups and their value with regard to the determination of physical fitness was appreciated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Arterialization of the coronary veins as a therapeutic measure in acute myocardial ischemia. I. Experimental studies and morphology in miniswine].

Mortality and morbidity of the acute myocardial infarction show an increasing tendency. The therapy, on the other hand, is not much satisfying yet. A myocardial ischemia was produced in 48 minipigs by ligature of the ramus interventricularis anterior of the left coronary artery. Its satellite vein was arterialised by means of plastic shunt. The majority of the animals of the control group without arterialisation did not survive. Electron microscopical controls showed only minimal damages of the ultrastructures in animals after arterialisation of the coronary veins.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

[Arterialization of the coronary veins as a therapeutic measure in acute myocardial ischemia. Experimental studies on the miniswine. II. Cardiothermography and intramyocardial oxygen tension].

The arterialisation of the coronary veins leads in the acute phase of myocardial ischemia to an effective circulation in the telethermographic picture. The oxygen tension in the tissue increases to 46% of the normal tissue tension in this way. The sinusoids have a nutritive function likely. Although the greatest amount of the blood supplied was drained before becoming metabolised a myocardial necrosis was prevented.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and pulmonary function.

Ten end-stage renal disease patients treated by continuous peritoneal dialysis were investigated by means of spirography, compliance tests, body plethysmography, and blood oxygen analysis. The ventilatory function was compared with abdomen empty and abdomen filled with 2L of peritoneal dialysis solution. Only a mild ventilatory restriction occurred (vital capacity -3.5%, thoracic gas volume -7.9%) as well as a mild decrease of static absolute compliance (-8.8%) and of dynamic absolute compliance (-6.2%). There was no significant alteration of the specific compliance tests, or of the Tiffeneau test as a parameter of bronchial obstruction, and no reduction of blood oxygen. These results were obtained from probands without bronchopulmonary illnesses. But problems with CAPD and ventilatory function may arise in patients with diseases of the respiratory tract including fluid lung, or in patients with 'space problems' in the abdomen (polycystic renal disease).

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Complication rate under passive and active cure treatment of cardio-circulatory patients (author's transl)].

A comparison between the rate of complications under preferably passive balneotherapeutic cure treatment in 1967 and under preferably active physical training treatment in 1972 gave no significant difference. In spite of an increasing portion of heart patients the complication rate in the cardio-circulatory system under active treatment showed a slight decreasing tendency. On the contrary there were found differences when comparing the temporal frequency distribution of complications under cure treatment of both years. Indeed both years exhibited the known circaseptan periodicity of cure treatment, the temporal frequency distribution of the maxima and the minima, however, showed the characteristic pattern of reactive periods not but under conventional passive treatment in 1967. By reason of these findings the higher load of modern physical training treatment is supposed to strengthen the influence of interindividual differences in the autonomous reagibility, and thus differences from the conventional mode of cure treatment in the first place appear in the temporal distribution of complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Action of d-propranolol in manic psychoses.

Six manic patients were treated with high doses of d-propranolol or d- and dl-propranolol in a double-blind, placebo controlled study. The following variables were measured: propranolol dosage, propranolol serum concentration, pulse frequency, blood pressure, and psychotic behavior. In all cases an improvement was noticed. High dosages were necessary to obtain sufficient effect. The antimanic property of d-propranolol was approximately 50% smaller than the antimanic property of dl-propranolol. We conclude that at least some part of the antimanic action of beta-blockers is independent from the beta-blocking property.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Action of propranolol in mania: comparison of effects of the d- and the l-stereoisomer.

The antimanic action of high doses of the beta-receptor blocking agent propranolol was investigated by the use of a double-blind placebo controlled ABA design. For comparison, the d-stereoisomer (which is practically devoid of beta-blocking activity) was used. 6 trials were performed with d-propranolol, 6 trials with the racemic mixture. From dose-effect relations one can conclude that the d-stereoisomer is about half as effective against manic syndromes as the racemic mixture. From this finding it can be concluded that the antimanic action of propranolol is at least partially due to a mechanism independent of its beta-blocking action.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Specific binding of perazine, a piperazine side-chain phenothiazine drug, to a serum protein (author's transl)].

A binding of perazine to a serum protein of 48 000 D was determined by gel filtration. The affinity constant of the perazine-protein complex was found to be 5.42 X 10(6) mol/l corresponding to a specific binding of 70 ng/ml serum. This result may gather clinical relevance with regard to the "CNS-bioavailability" and individual response to perazine, the average therapeutic serum concentrations having been shown to range between appr. 50 and 200 ng/ml serum. A specific binding of perazine to human or bovine albumine could not be detected.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1979

[Simultaneous determination of antiepileptic drugs in clinical laboratories: Problems of quality control and standardization (author's transl)].

Methods for determination of antiepileptic drugs in clinical laboratories are discussed with respect to precision, constant error control and economy. Experimental data for reproducibility and standardization are presented for gas chromatographic and photometric methods. Methods for choosing the most suitable procedure for any of the common analytical tasks that may arise in the clinical laboratory are recommended.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1978

Determination of perazine serum levels by gas liquid chromatography under clinical routine conditions.

A quantitative gas liquid chromatographic method for the determination of serum levels of perazine (10-[3'-(1''-methyl-4''-piperazinyl)-propyl]-phenothiazine) is described. Perazine is used as a neuroleptic drug. The main problem consists in optimizing the chromatographic system. A sensitivity of appr. 60--150 nmol/1 (20--50 microgram/1) serum is achieved. Examples of optimization, analyses with patient samples, and the reproducibility of the results are presented.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1977

Thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatographic procedures for the determination of perazine and its metabolites in human body fluids.

The quantitative determination of perazine, a neuroleptic drug, and its metabolites in body fluids is difficult in view of the low concentrations to be expected under therapeutic conditions as well as of the problem of convenient detectors. Different methods for extraction and measurement of perazine concentration in blood samples are discussed, with special consideration of partition coefficients and the properties of the chromatographic systems (thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography). A new and simple method for rapid gas chromatographic determination of perazine is presented.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1976

The importance of individual pharmacokinetic data for treatment of epilepsy with carbamazepine.

4 patients with therapy-resistant psychomotor seizures had been treated with high doses of carbamazepine for 3-6 mo. The serum concentration, taken 2-hourly from 1600-0400 and at 0700 hr, showed the plasma half-life to be on the order of 10 hr, about one-third of that in normal volunteers. The half-life was about 5, 10, 10 and 20 hr. The findings showed that a therapeutic concentration of carbamazepine in serum can be maintained over 24 hr by 3 high doses per day. Single doses of up to 800 mg could be taken without serious side effects in patients treated for long periods with carbamazepine as sole medication.

Adult↗