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Biomedical subjects

E Qvigstad

Publications and source records attributed to E Qvigstad.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix stage IB: numbers and reactivities of pelvic lymph node T cells.

Ten patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix stage IB (FIGO) treated by radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection had node biopsies taken for immunological studies. There was no evidence of metastases. Node biopsies from near the cervix (the obturator region) contained significantly more lymphoid cells per gram of tissue than biopsies from more distant (common iliac) nodes. The percentage of T cells was similar in the two nodes, but significantly lower than in mononuclear cell suspensions from peripheral blood. All patients responded to the mitogen phytohemagglutinin. Positive T-cell responses to herpes simplex virus antigen were found in seven patients. Six patients responded to stimulation by the chlamydial antigen LGV-2. Lymph node T cells gave responses higher than those from peripheral blood T cells. Obturator node T cells from patients pretreated with intracavitary radium had antigen-specific responses lower than those of the patients operated without prior irradiation. The results indicate that the pelvic lymph nodes are important reservoirs for sensitized T cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses to chlamydial and herpesvirus antigens in patients with cervical carcinoma.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Chlamydia trachomatis are both discussed in the etiology of cervical carcinoma. In this study the antibody titers and the T-cell proliferative responses to chlamydial and HSV antigens in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and invasive cervical cancer, have been investigated and compared. The patients with CIN and invasive cancer showed approximately the same degree of immune responses to chlamydial and HSV antigens. Of the patients, 58% showed proliferative T-cell responses to C. trachomatis antigen, 87% to HSV antigens. Chlamydial antibodies were detected in 65% of the patients, while 81% had a positive HSV serology. Our results show a lack of correlation between levels of antibody titer and T-cell responses. It is concluded that patients with CIN and invasive cervical cancer have intact cellular immune responses to both chlamydial and HSV antigens. The eventual role of these infections in the etiology remains unclear.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes by human T-lymphocyte clones.

T cells primed to Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes A, F, and K were cloned by limiting dilution. All T-lymphocyte clones obtained reacted only with C. trachomatis antigens. The proliferative capacity of 89 clones was studied with autologous non-T cells as antigen-presenting cells and the chlamydia serotypes A, B, D, F, K, and LGV-2 as antigens. Most of the clones reacted to several of the chlamydia strains, indicating common antigenic determinants. Other T-cell clones reacted with only a few serotypes. On the basis of the proliferation of the T-cell clones to the chlamydia strains and to interleukin-2, different reactivity patterns were obtained, which possibly can be used to differentiate among the chlamydia strains.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1984

Antigen-specific T cell clones restricted by DR, DRw53 (MT), or DP (SB) Class II HLA molecules. Inhibition studies with monoclonal HLA-specific antibodies.

T lymphocyte clones (TLCs) specific for Chlamydia trachomatis were obtained after limiting dilution of activated T cells from a single donor, BS (HLA-A3; B7,15; DR1, 4; DRw53; DPw4). Most of the proliferative TLCs obtained apparently used restriction elements on DR1 or DR4 molecules, expressed in the antigen-presenting cells (APC). The restriction pattern of two TLCs, however, closely followed the DRw53 specificity, while one TLC seemed to be restricted by elements on DPw4 molecules. A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) was employed to further dissect the restriction specificities. The proliferative capacity of some of the TLCs was studied with and without Mabs directed against different HLA molecules, using non-T cells, monocytes, and peripheral blood dendritic cells as APC. Two Mabs, 7.2 and D-54, which seem to detect monomorphic determinants on HLA-DR, inhibited both DR- and DRw53-restricted TLCs. One Mab, 109d6 which reacts with DRw53 determinants, selectively inhibited the DRw53-restricted TLCs. The DP-restricted TLC was not inhibited significantly by any tested Mabs, including two Mabs with putative specificity for monomorphic determinants on the DP molecule.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1984

Cytotoxic T cells recognizing minor transplantation antigens, and possibly a variant of the HLA-B8 molecule. Cause of rejection of an HLA-identical sibling kidney transplant?

A male uremic patient was first transplanted with a kidney from a female cadaveric donor. The kidney was rejected after two weeks. He was retransplanted approximately one year later with a kidney from his HLA-identical sister. This graft was also irreversibly rejected after one week. No serum antibodies could be detected against the sibling donor before or after transplantation, but the recipient had formed donor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). The CTLs were cloned, and clones with two different specificities were obtained. One clone lysed target cells from the donor, from some other family members, and from 50% of a panel sharing HLA-B15 with the recipient. It may recognize a minor transplantation antigen, that is restricted by HLA-B15. The other clone lysed target cells from the donor, from all HLA-B8-positive family members (except the recipient), and from third-party cell donors sharing HLA-B8 with the recipient. When CTLs from third-party individuals were induced toward HLA-B8, target cells from all HLA-B8-positive family members were lysed, except those from the recipient. This indicates that the recipient may have inherited a variant of HLA-B8 that is not detectable by antibodies but by CTLs. These donor-specific CTLs may have contributed to the rejection of the HLA-identical sibling transplant.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Lack of cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards Chlamydia trachomatis infected target cells in humans.

Induction of cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards Chlamydia trachomatis infected target cells was studied in humans. PHA-derived lymphoblasts, infected with inactivated or virulent LGV-2 chlamydial particles, were used as target cells. Chlamydial primed T cell blasts or specific, cloned T cells were used as effector cells. A highly sensitive 18 hours lytic assay employing 111In-labelled target cells was used. Specific cytotoxicity towards C. trachomatis infected target cells in humans could not be detected. This was the case regardless of the origin of the effector cells or the various protocols tested. However, this assay was capable of yielding significant positive results with effector cells primed to alloantigens. We conclude that cell-mediated cytotoxicity towards bacterial infected target cells probably does not play a major role.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1984

Natural killer cell activity after gynecologic infections with chlamydia.

The level of blood natural killer (NK) cell activity was determined in relation to chlamydial infections. A group of 10 women who had recovered from chlamydial salpingitis was compared with a similar group who had had chlamydial cervicitis. Ten healthy female blood donors with no history of chlamydial infections served as controls. The spontaneous cytotoxicity of non-adherent blood lymphocytes was determined in a 3-hour assay with radiolabelled K562 cells as targets. There were no significant differences in the NK cell activity of the three groups. No correlation between NK cell activity and chlamydial IgG antibody titer in serum could be found. The level of NK cell activity as determined in this system cannot explain why some patients get a more severe form of chlamydial infection than others do.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Antigen-specific proliferative human T-lymphocyte clones with specificity for Chlamydia trachomatis.

Blast-enriched suspensions of T cells primed for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen were cloned by a limiting dilution technique. A cloning efficiency of 20-25% was obtained. T-lymphocyte clones (TLC) with high proliferative responses were selected for further studies. Kinetic studies showed a peak response between 60 and 84 h after antigen stimulation. The TLC were OKT4+. They were specific for the chlamydial antigen and did not respond to other antigens when non-T cells were used as antigen-presenting cells (APC). Antigen-specific proliferation of the TLC required that the responding TLC and the APC shared class-II HLA determinants--that is, HLA-D/DR molecules. The true clonal nature of the TLC was confirmed by subcloning experiments.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1983

Class-II HLA restriction of antigen-specific human T-lymphocyte clones. Evidence of restriction elements on both DR and MT molecules.

Blast-enriched suspensions of T cells primed for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen were cloned by a limiting dilution technique. The class-II HLA restriction of T-lymphocyte clones (TLC) was studied by using allogeneic antigen-presenting cells (APC) carrying foreign class-II HLA antigens. Most of the TLC were restricted by one or the other of the D/DR determinants of the T-cell donor; that is, they did not respond when antigen was presented by APC expressing foreign D/DR determinants. Furthermore, heterogeneity of the DR4-expressing molecule could be demonstrated by T-cell clones from one person; APC from family members expressing DR4 gave high proliferative responses, whereas no proliferation was observed with most APC from unrelated persons expressing DR4. This heterogeneity of DR4 was confirmed by mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) experiments, indicating a close relationship between restriction epitopes and those that activate allogeneic T cells. Other clones seemed to be restricted by other class-II HLA determinants, most probably MT determinants of the T-cell donor. The restriction specificities were confirmed by subcloning experiments.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1983

Pelvic inflammatory disease associated with Chlamydia trachomatis infection after therapeutic abortion. A prospective study.

Chlamydia trachomatis was cultured from the cervix of 70 of 557 (12.6%) patients admitted for therapeutic abortion. Postoperatively, 22 (3.9%) developed acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID); of these women, 14 (63.6%) had harboured C trachomatis in the cervix before the abortion. Thus of 70 patients with chlamydial infection, 14 (20%) developed PID postoperatively. Of the chlamydia-positive patients, six of the 15 (40%) aged less than 20 years and eight of the 53 (15%) patients aged 20-30 years developed PID. Twelve of the 70 women with chlamydial infections showed a significant increase in serum chlamydial IgG antibody titres over a four week period; four of these women developed PID. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was recovered from only four patients, one of whom developed PID after the abortion. Treatment with a single dose of intravenous doxycycline (200 mg) was given before and during surgery to about half of the patients. In our study, this regimen had no protective effect against the development of PID associated with C trachomatis.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1983

Auditory brainstem response in neonates during the first 48 hours after birth.

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) has been recorded in 20 neonates at three different time intervals during the first 48 hours after birth. The first recording was performed about 15 min after delivery, when the babies were in their first period of postnatal reactivity. During this period, we were unable to obtain reliable ABR data. During the second and third ABR test performed 2 and 48 hours after birth the babies revealed gradually better responses. Data from these recordings suggest no significant change in middle ear function during the time interval between 2 and 48 hours after birth. Observations of amplitude ratio wave V/wave I are presented. Finally, reservations regarding the interpretation of the results are discussed.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1983

Treatment of non-specific vaginitis with metronidazole.

55 women with signs and symptoms of non-specific vaginitis, NSV, were treated with metronidazole 1200 mg daily in a single dose for 5 days. 49 (89.1%) were considered cured with significant reduction in all signs and symptoms for NSV. The side-effects were negligible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Proliferative human T cell responses to Chlamydia trachomatis in vitro.

The T cell proliferative response to Chlamydia trachomatis was studied in otherwise healthy persons. A suspension of partially purified C. trachomatis subtype LGV-2 particles was used throughout the study. Studies of cord blood lymphocytes demonstrated that the preparation was not mitogenic. The proliferative capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) and T + non-T cells from adults was tested; in about 70% a proliferative response was observed. The proliferative responses were dependent upon antigen presenting cells (APC) and were mainly mediated by T cells, even though B cells proliferated to a lesser extent. Using antigen-pulsed non-T cells as APC, a significant and consistent specific proliferative response could be obtained. High responders could be separated from low responders with different T cell concentrations. We also found that the T cell response was restricted by the HLA-D/DR determinants of the T cell donor.

Adult↗