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Biomedical subjects

E Paul

Publications and source records attributed to E Paul.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

S-100 protein in amelanotic melanoma. A convenient immunocytochemical approach compared to electron microscopy.

16 amelanotic melanomas were investigated immunocytochemically using two different antibodies against S-100 protein. In six cases electron microscopy was carried out. All 16 tumors showed a positive reaction for both antisera in epithelioid as well as in spindle-shaped tumor cells. Ultrastructurally the six investigated tumors contained stage II to IV melanosomes. Immunocytochemical and electron microscopical results are compared and discussed with regard to their significance in routine surgical pathology.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Viral infection in patients with multiple sclerosis and HLA-DR matched controls.

Retrospective comparisons of the prevalence and age, where appropriate, of some childhood infectious illnesses and vaccinations, together with serological evidence for exposure to 16 viruses, many of which have previously been implicated in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) were made in 177 patients with acute optic neuritis, other recent isolated demyelinating episodes or established MS and 164 controls. The expected high frequency of HLA-DR2 in patients with demyelinating disease was matched by preselection of normal controls with this antigen (DR2+); the remaining individuals were classified as HLA-DR2 negative/DR3 positive (DR3+) or HLA-DR2 and 3 negative (DR2/3 -). Cases were compared with controls, collectively and in analyses restricted to each genetic group; these comparisons were repeated considering the three categories of patients with demyelination and two control populations separately. All DR2+, DR3+ and DR2/3 - individuals were compared in a single analysis to assess the effect of HLA type itself on the results. Patients with demyelinating disease had rubella and measles at a later age and reported mumps infection more frequently than controls. Age of typhoid vaccination and duration of exposure to domestic dogs was higher in all cases than controls. Age of measles and mumps, but not rubella, was higher in DR2+ cases than controls; but differences were not observed in the other genetic groups. Higher rubella antibody titres were present in all cases than controls and in analyses confined to DR2+ individuals in whom higher Epstein Barr virus antibody titres were also present. Measles haemagglutination inhibition and parainfluenza I antibody titres were increased and influenza A antibodies detected less frequently in all patients with optic neuritis and those with DR2 compared with appropriate controls; influenza B antibody titres were lower in all DR2+ cases than controls. Higher adenovirus and varicella zoster antibody titres were present in DR2/3- patients with demyelination and other neurological diseases compared with normal controls. Overall, older age of infection and higher antibody titres were observed more often in patients with optic neuritis, in particular DR2+ cases, than other individuals with demyelination or controls. Our serological results are consistent with the presence of abnormal HLA-immunological reactivity in patients with MS but cannot be explained only by an effect of DR type itself; age at which susceptible individuals develop some common childhood infections may also influence the subsequent development of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of rosacea with isotretinoin.

A multicenter trial of isotretinoin in severe papulopustular rosacea in adult patients was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment. A 20-week course of therapy was instituted in 92 patients from 11 dermatology departments. At the end of the study period, isotretinoin was found to be highly effective in the clearing of refractory rosacea lesions.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Forms of fracture of the dens axis in the application of ventral flexion force].

In fracture experiments in 220 cast models of the axis and atlas, an attempt was made to separate two different factors influencing the position of the dens fracture (superior and inferior type): the direction of the force application and the inclination of the dens axis. For this purpose, two extreme forms of dens inclination in the sagittal plane were used, namely a form with a ventrally inclined axis (kyphotic form) and a dorsally oriented axis (lordotic form). The force was applied in ventral flexion in 11 single steps between 10 and 75 degrees. The fracture types occurring under natural conditions could be reproduced with this experimental paradigm. Depending on the direction of the force application, both types of dens fracture occurred in ventral flexing traction alone. Independent of the inclination of the dens axis, this ventral flexion led to an inferior fracture type with a shallow angle, and a superior fraction type with a steep angle. With 75 degrees flexion, no longer the dens fracture, but the Hangman's fracture was the usual fracture type in both dens forms. With fundamental agreement of both dens forms with regard to the direction-dependent genesis of the fracture pattern, the lordotic dens and kyphotic dens displayed differences in the details which are discussed exhaustively. In this connection, the differences in the size of the horizontal thrust component due to the primary form of the dens with the same direction of force application is pointed out. According to the present investigations, a classification of dens fractures should be made more precise by specification of the dens form.

Axis, Cervical Vertebra↗
PubMed1985

[Pregnancy after malignant melanoma. A follow-up of 23 patients].

There is little known on the risks associated with pregnancy occurring after primary therapy of a malignant melanoma. Out of a total of 2850 melanoma patients there were 23 women (20 in stage I, 3 in stage II) in whom 33 pregnancies occurred in the course of the follow-up. No metastases developed in 18 patients with a total of 25 pregnancies whereas a relapse occurred in 3 patients in stage I and 2 patients in stage II. The induction of metastases by the pregnancy in 3 of these patients is unlikely owing to the absence of a temporal relationship or because of an existing stage II and only in 2 patients did the temporal relationship between spreading of the tumor and pregnancy suggest an influence of pregnancy on malignant melanoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Congenital nevi less than or equal to 10 cm as precursors to melanoma. 52 cases, a review, and a new conception.

Fifty-two congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) as precursors to melanoma or severe melanocytic dysplasia were reviewed macroscopically and microscopically. Forty-eight "small" CMN measured less than 10 cm in diameter. Histologically, only five reached to the lower third of the dermis or subcutis ("deep type"); the remaining 47 were limited to the upper two thirds of the corium ("superficial type"). There were 47 invasive melanomas, two in situ melanomas, and three severe focal melanocytic dysplasias. All melanomas were of "epidermal" origin and primarily of the superficial spreading type. The age at diagnosis ranged from 18 to 79 years. Prepubertal melanomas were not observed. Melanoma may also arise on small CMN. The most frequent origin of the melanomas in small CMN and the preferred age at manifestation seem to be different from that for giant nevi.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Comparison of astemizole and terfenadine in the treatment of chronic urticaria. A randomized double-blind study of 40 patients].

40 patients suffering from chronic urticaria were randomly treated with either Terfenadine or Astemizole. The treatment period was 8 days after a 4 day wash out phase with placebo. The intensity of the symptoms was quantified and daily recorded by the patients. Both antihistamines influenced significantly the intensity of the pruritus and the flares. With the used study design and dosage slight superiority of Astemizole over Terfenadine could be observed. Neither Astemizole nor Terfenadine showed sedation side effects. The average amount of the sedation symptom scores was during the therapy phase on the same level as during the placebo phase.

Astemizole↗
PubMed1984

[Allergic and pseudoallergic reactions of the urticaria skin and mucous membranes due to food components with special reference to food and RAST].

Among 1.000 consecutive cases of urticaria with suspicious food history and positive oral exposition, 12 patients showed an acute recurrent course. The result of the Prick or rub test was mainly positive in analogy, the RAST later determined in 5 of these patients remained four times "false negative" to the rub test in 4 of 5 allergens. Many of these patients complained of typical mucosal prodromes immediately on oral exposition, which are apparently pathognonomic of food allergy. In another 13 patients, the clinical reaction was limited to oral symptoms without generalized urticaria, in spite of corresponding history and skin tests; therefore, it was regarded as "forme fruste anaphylaxis". In these cases RAST was performed together with the Prick or rub test; seven times it corresponded with the oral exposition, five times it remained negative. In correspondence with the Prick test it was five times positive and two times negative; it remained "false negative" to 9 allergens. Remarkable in this group was the coincidence of positive apple RAST and strongly positive birch pollen allergy in the form of rhinitic or asthmatic symptoms and atopy. Among 72 patients with chronically-recurrent urticaria and no suspicious history, however, there was only one case of nutritive allergy demonstrated by means of elimination and provocation diet and a subsequent "super meal". On the other hand, pseudoallergic intolerance reactions (of the aspirin type) to food additives were demonstrated in 14 out of 300 patients with chronic urticaria my means of systematic oral provocation. Therefore, in cases of chronic urticaria with no suspicious history, there is no much use in searching for a nutritive allergen by means of elimination or provocation diet, in contrast to the intolerance diagnosis by certain "test batteries". In total, the rate of secured food allergies in patients with urticaria (without "forme fruste anaphylaxis") was approximately 1.5%, the rate of pseudoallergic reactions to food additives was 4.7%. Taking together all cases, an involvement of causative or partly causative food components was demonstrated in 8.6%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Rabbit lung after acute smoke inhalation. Cellular responses and scanning electron microscopy.

The cellular responses in the lungs of rabbits and the morphologic features of the tracheobronchial tree by scanning electron microscopy were examined 24 hours following acute inhalation of Douglas fir wood smoke. Thermal injury to the upper airway was excluded. Injury to proximal tracheal lining cells was severe and consisted of loss of the epithelium. The changes of the epithelial barrier in the proximal major bronchi were less severe in nature. However, the alterations observed by scanning electron microscopy suggested dysfunction of the mucociliary blanket. Both cell counts of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and morphologic findings reflected an increase in alveolar macrophage response. Smoke-exposed alveolar macrophages showed significant changes in the surface features. These findings may explain the tracheobronchitis seen clinically, and the propensity of patients to lung infection following smoke inhalation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Hangman's fracture in ventrally flexed traction].

Hangman's fracture in ventrally flexed traction between 10(6) and 75 degrees is analyzed on the basis of 220 fracture trials on plaster of real bone preparations of the atlas and axis of two adults. Hangman's fractures, which are usually regarded as a form of injury from dorsal flexion, occurred in 25% of the fracture trials under this kind of strain. Frequency depended on flexion angle, as well as on inclination of the dens axis. Thus Hangman's fractures occurred, as a whole, more frequently in the kyphotic dens type than in the lordotic type and were found as a rule at 75 degrees flexion. Furthermore, the investigations showed that pedicles can by no means be regarded as the sole predilection site for fracture. A detailed description is provided on why the Hangman's fracture type, due to ventrally flexed traction, can be included in the group of bone injuries arising from flexion, with tensile stress of the dorsal parts of the dens and the corpus axis, on the one hand, and the upper side of the axis arch on the other. Hence, the injury picture ranges from the dorsal arch fracture to the horizontal rupture through the superior articular facies and the corpus axis, as documented by substantial evidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Malignant melanoma and nevocellular nevi. Histogenesis and relationships. Fluorescence-microscopic and catamnestic photographic studies.

Investigations by use of the formaldehyde-induced fluorescence (FIF) method in benign and malignant pigment tumors of the skin are the main basis of the present monograph concerning the theory of the dualistic histogenesis of melanoma according to Mishima. Furthermore, the value of the FIF method in both classification and diagnosis of pigment-producing tumor cells after certain forms of therapy is emphasized. Experimental studies with nevus cell nevi have gained important findings on the histogenesis of nevus cells. These results indicate that nevus cells are possibly derivatives of normal melanocytes, for nevus cells in junctional nests still show a dendritic pattern like melanocytes. Based on photocatamnestic studies it can be concluded that the initial growth of melanoma may be very protracted. There are many indications that pigment spots which had sometimes existed for decades and were mistaken for nevi were malignant from the very beginning and had developed from the melanocytes of the epidermis. The development of melanomas on nevus cell nevi seems to be an exception. However, in these cases, too, malignant transformation occurs in the melanocytes of the epidermis overlying the nevus rather than in the nevus cells. This is confirmed by the findings obtained by the FIF method; under certain conditions dendritic cells may be demonstrated in all types of melanoma, which gives support to the unitary melanocytogenic origin of the tumor. However, typical dendritic tumor cells in great numbers are only visible in lentigo maligna. In the other tumors (e.g., SSM or NM), the shape of the tumor cells and the growth of the melanoma are probably dependent on the varying degree of cell dedifferentiation, the ability or unability for horizontal spreading growth as well as on terrain factors. However, there is every reason to believe that melanoma cells originate from melanocytes of the skin (or mucous membranes).

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Reversibility of the interaction of CGP 11305 A with MAO A in vivo.

The aim of this study was to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the short duration of action of the MAO inhibitory effect of CGP 11305 A in vivo and its irreversible interaction with the enzyme in vitro. When rats were treated with CGP 11305 A 2 h prior to clorgyline administration and MAO activity was determined 46 h thereafter, MAO A in brains and livers was protected from inhibition by clorgyline provided the dose relation was adequate. However, if clorgyline doses were equal to or higher than those of CGP 11305 A, there was only partial or no protection despite the fact that the doses of CGP 11305 A blocked MAO A nearly completely at the moment of clorgyline administration. Using a different approach, it was found that dopamine and serotonin released from their stores in rat striatum by tetrabenazine could displace CGP 11305 A from the MAO A active site in vivo, in contrast to clorgyline. These results suggest that the interaction of CGP 11305 A with MAO in vivo is reversible and competitive.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1983

[5-S-cysteinyldopa determination in the urine. Its value for monitoring in melanoma patients].

In case of uncharacteristic patient complaints or slightly pathologic BSR or liver enzyme levels in patients, suffering from melanoma, the determination of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in the 24-h-urine may be of great diagnostic value. If the complaints and the pathologic values are early symptoms and signs of generalized metastases being clinically not yet manifest, the excretion of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in the urine is often increased. In such cases, a thorough and possibly invasive search for metastases is indicated.

Cysteinyldopa↗