Biomedical subjects

E O Adekeye

Publications and source records attributed to E O Adekeye.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Analysis of the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Kaduna, Nigeria.

There are considerable differences in the reported worldwide pattern of maxillofacial fractures. In the more developed countries of Europe, violence followed by road crashes are the predominant causes while in the developing world the causative factors are reversed with most being the result of road crashes. Interestingly, recent data indicated a 3:1 male:female ratio worldwide. Between 1991 and 2000, 443 cases of maxillofacial fractures were seen at the Maxillofacial Unit, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria. Road crashes were responsible for 246 cases (56%) followed by falls, 24% (n=108). In a previous report from this centre in 1980, 241 fractures were seen each year, so our lower rate of 44 cases a year is because the number of centres for the treatment of such injuries in Nigeria has increased. There has also been a fourfold increase in the number of women with facial fractures in this largely Moslem population, which reflects their greater exposure during the past 20 years. More patients were seen with mandibular than middle-third fractures, because more of the latter died. This shows that while more centres for treatment are available for patients with maxillofacial trauma, the lack of enforcement of legislation on the use of seat belts, drunken driving and inadequate emergency medical care have continued to cause considerable mortality and morbidity from these injuries in Nigeria. It is also difficult to compare data among centres because of inconsistent terminology.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed2001

Tumours and tumour-like lesions of the oral and perioral structures of Nigerian children.

One hundred and fifty-eight children less or equal to 15 years were isolated from a retrospective 20-year (1979-1998) survey of oral and perioral tumours and tumour-like lesions in Nigeria. These children represent 16.8% of the cases seen. Lesions of children less or equal to 15 years were benign non-odontogenic (n = 70, 44.3%), benign odontogenic (n = 41, 25.9%) and malignant (n = 47, 27.7%). Predominantly Children between 11 and 15 years (n = 89, 56.3%) were afflicted and the male to female ratio was 1.4 to 1.0. Sites recorded were the jawbones, cheeks, gingival, forearm, testis and the spleen. The ratio of malignant lesions in Nigerian and African children appears to be higher than in the Caucasian population (2.4:1).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Multiple odontomas in the facial bones. A case report.

A rare case of multiple compound odontoma involving the facial bones and erupting into the oral cavity of a 15-year-old Nigerian girl is presented. The unacceptable facial appearance and the surgical approach used makes this case worth reporting.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

Recurrent ameloblastoma of the jaws. A follow-up study.

Twenty-six cases of recurrent ameloblastoma of the jaws within a 15-year period are presented. They represent 8.9% of all cases of ameloblastoma seen in this period. The highest incidence was found in the third decade of life. There is a higher incidence of recurrences in the mandible (16/26) as compared to the maxilla (6/26). Over 80% of the recurrences presented within five years of primary surgery, emphasising the need for adequate and intensive follow-up during this critical period. Three patients whose lesions were operated on in the mandible showed similar lesions in the maxilla after a period of time. Conservative procedures at primary surgery produced the most recurrences. The cure rate for surgery of maxillary ameloblastoma was comparatively poor. The need for good visibility, adequate access and radical surgery in maxillary ameloblastoma is stressed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Osteomyelitis of the mandible in sickle cell disease.

We report 16 cases of osteomyelitis of the mandible in patients with sickle cell disease, an incidence of 5% of all patients who presented with osteomyelitis of the jaws. There was a striking predominance of men (13/16, 81%). The mean age at presentation was 23 years. The pathogens were predominantly mixed organisms and Staphylococcus aureus. Lesions were mainly in the posterior region of the mandible, and were usually operated on under general anaesthesia with adequate provision for the prevention of hypoxia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Unicystic ameloblastoma of the mandible: a long-term follow-up.

PURPOSE: This article presents the long-term results of treatment for a series of unicystic ameloblastoma of the mandible. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients were seen within a 15-year period. The median age at onset of symptoms was 18 years, with a median delay before presentation of 4 years. The male/female ratio was 1.3:1. Treatment was enucleation with primary closure in 11 patients (52.4%) whose lesions were in the horizontal body of the mandible. Five patients (23.8%) had excision of the lesion and the encompassing dentoalveolar process with preservation of the lower border of the mandible. Because the disease involved the ascending ramus of the mandible in five patients (23.8%), full-thickness resection of the affected mandible was done. RESULTS: There were three recurrences: Two in patients managed with enucleation and one in a patient who had resection of the lesion with preservation of the lower border of the mandible. CONCLUSION: The findings show that unicystic ameloblastoma often can be treated successfully with less aggressive surgery than that needed for multicystic ameloblastoma.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Clinical features and management of ameloblastoma of the mandible in children and adolescents.

Thirty cases of ameloblastoma of the mandible in children and adolescents were reviewed. During the period of evaluation, 206 patients with ameloblastoma in the craniofacial region were seen of which 14.6% were in children (under 18 years). The tumour was more prevalent in male (1.5:1). Enucleation with curettage of the surrounding bones appears adequate for unicystic lesions. Multicystic lesions were managed by radical resection of the mandible with or without immediate reconstruction of defect with bone graft or by resection of the lesion with the dentoalveolar structure and preservation of the lower border of the mandible. Uninvolved periosteum should be preserved because of its osteogenic potential.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Ameloblastoma: clinical features and management of 315 cases from Kaduna, Nigeria.

This paper reviews 315 cases of ameloblastoma seen and managed at the Oral and Maxillofacial Clinic of Ahmadu Bello University Hospital, Kaduna, Nigeria over a 20-year period. The data collected on age at presentation, sex distribution, clinical presentation and modalities of treatment are analysed and discussed. A male preponderance was found, with peak presentation in the third and fourth decades of life. Few patients presented with mucosal ulceration, while some presented atypically with expansion of either the lingual or buccal cortical plate of the mandible. Resection of the lesion with dento-alveolar bone and preservation of the lower border of the mandible is effective conservative management in patients with an intact lower border. We do not recommend curettage or enucleation because of the frequency of recurrence. One hundred percent success was recorded in the patients rehabilitated using autogenous bone grafts. Where practicable, bone grafting should be done immediately to avoid the common complications of displacement of bony remnants and occlusal disharmony that occur when grafting is delayed.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Paediatric tumours of the jaws in northern Nigeria. Clinical presentation and treatment.

134 cases of paediatric tumours of the jaws in Nigerian children are reviewed. Non-odontogenic tumours and tumours of mesenchymal origin were the commonest. Among malignant disease cases, Burkitt's lymphoma predominated. Late presentation for treatment and gross disfigurement were typical clinical findings. Most of the non-Burkitt malignant lesions had grown to inoperable proportions and the few that were amenable to aggressive surgery responded poorly to treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988

Mandibular African histoplasmosis: imitation of neoplasia or giant-cell granuloma?

The lesion reported in this article destroyed much of the right side of the mandible in a 14-year-old boy. Clinically, it resembled Burkitt's lymphoma and was initially treated as such. After correct microscopic diagnosis, the mass regressed with the use of intravenous amphotericin B and surgical reduction. The histologic comparison with giant-cell granuloma is considered.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

2 cases of this rare tumour in Nigerian subjects is described. Clinical features indicated relatively slow but painful growth, aggravated in 1 case by dental extractions. Radical resection was followed by 6-year survival without recurrence or overt metastasis. Microscopic differential diagnosis is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1987

Osteosarcoma of the jaws--a series from Kaduna, Nigeria.

15 primary and one metastatic osteosarcoma of the jaw bones in Nigerians are described. The age range was typical of this tumour; most cases were in the mandible. Clinical and radiographic features were often diagnostic but the microscopic appearances were varied and problematical. No metastases were detected and effective surgical treatment depended upon the degree of spread in soft tissue. Inoperable tumours had infiltrated the pharyngeal and tonsillar area. Some resected cases survived for one year or more.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Onchocerciasis of the face and mouth.

Onchocerciasis is characterized by the presence of numerous microfilariae in the skin, by the formation of subcutaneous nodules, and by eye lesions that frequently lead to blindness. The organisms' life cycle and the clinical symptoms and histologic features of the disease are described, together with three case reports from Nigeria. One of the cases involved a rare intraoral lesion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

The versatility of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flaps in the reconstruction of cancrum oris defects of children and adolescents.

The application of the recently described myocutaneous flaps in 7 cases of cancrum oris defects is shown and the consistency of the blood supply in children is stressed. The surgical anatomy is mentioned and the use of the flaps in the reconstruction of defects of the cheek, angle of mouth, lips and chin is illustrated. The excellence of the muscle island flap in preventing reankylosis if interposed into new joints in the body of the mandible is emphasised, together with the advantages over the forehead and delto-pectoral flaps when used for the same purpose.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1986

Recurrent ameloblastoma of the maxillo-facial region. Clinical features and treatment.

21 recurrent cases of ameloblastoma in the maxillofacial region in Nigerian subjects are described. These had a typical age, sex and site distribution and characteristic clinical features. Extension of the disease into the cranial vault was seen in one individual but no metastasis was detected at presentation and follow-up review. The effective surgical treatment was en bloc excision with preservation of the lower border of the mandible or radical resection often including adherent soft tissues and skin. Follow-up data were recorded and all the patients were free from the disease for 6 months to 6 years.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Cleft lip and palate in Nigerian children and adults: a comparative study.

A survey of cleft lip and palate in 160 Nigerians is presented. In clefts of the lip alone, there was no sex predilection whereas cleft lip and palate cases showed a slight male preponderance. 119 (74.4%) cases presented below the age of 12 years and 41 (25.6%) cases were first seen above 12 years of age. Only a few cleft lip and palate cases survived to adulthood possibly because of malnutrition combined with the lethal effects of associated congenital abnormalities. This study confirms the view that late primary repair of clefts is less likely to produce impaired growth of the maxilla due to contraction of scar tissue commonly seen in early surgery. The importance of early primary repair is emphasised.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

Osteomyelitis of the jaws: a review of 141 cases.

A survey of 141 cases of osteomyelitis of the jaws is presented. The salient clinical features, the aetiology and treatment of the lesions are described. A high incidence of the disease in the maxilla is noted. Lesions of the maxilla mainly occurred in patients in the first decade of life, whilst those of the mandible affected individuals in the third decade. The possible relationship between infection, blood supply to the jaw bone, and associated debilitating conditions is examined.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

Intraoral carcinoma in Nigeria: a review of 137 cases.

Carcinoma of the oral cavity occurring in Africans is poorly documented. Although oral cancer is considered rare in Africa approximately 40 cases of intraoral carcinoma are seen yearly at the Maxillofacial Clinic, Kaduna. This paper reviews 137 cases of malignant disease in the oral cavity and compares the results with previously published literature. Tumours of the major salivary glands and carcinoma that could clearly be shown to originate from the antral mucosa are not included in this series. Lesions of the palate, alveolar ridge and the oral vestibule, all of which appeared to have arisen primarily from the oral mucosa, predominated. A relatively low incidence of carcinoma of the lip and tongue was recorded. The patients were considerably younger than those reported in comparable series from Europe and America.

Adult↗