Behavior of patients with autistic syndrome makes delivery of oral hygiene and dental treatment a problem. In this study, the oral health and needs of two groups of patients with autism were evaluated: noninstitutionalized children with a mean age of 11 and institutionalized adults with a mean age of 22. The latter group had severe periodontal problems; almost half required periodontal surgery. Many of the children also needed periodontal treatment. Adults were found to have lower decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) scores than functionally independent Israeli persons of the same age. This finding was surprising because institutionalized adults are predisposed to development of dental caries; they frequently consume sweets, have poor oral hygiene, and do not use fluoride. Noninstitutionalized children with autism had caries rates that were similar to rates of functionally independent peers.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Staining reaction of dental plaque after various extraction procedures.

After water and dilute alkali extraction, a sample of dental plaque that was stained by the PA-CrA-silver technique showed staining intracellularly on the cell wall and extracellularly. When more prolonged and stronger alkali extraction was used, reacting material was retained on the cell wall and intracellualarly. There was a noticeable loss of extracellular reacting material.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Susceptibility of some plaque microorganisms to chemotherapeutic agents.

Investigators have used chemotherapeutic agents topically for plaque control without knowing the drug concentration necessary to inhibit the growth of odontopathic microorganisms. S mutans, S sanguis, A viscosus and A naeslundii are important components of the plaque flora. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of niddamycin, vancomycin, bacitracin, and kanamycin were determined for each organism in liquid culture. These antibiotics were selected because of their low absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Niddamycin, vancomycin, and bacitracin had the lowest MIC, from 0.2 to 10 units/ml. Kanamycin was inhibitory only at much higher concentrations (130 to 500 units/ml). The corresponding MBC was generally higher than the MIC. A viscosus was the most resistant organism tested. These data are important in designing controlled release devices for delivering a suitable antibiotic on a continuous basis intraorally.

Actinomyces↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Levans: I. Fractionation, solution viscosity, and chemical analysis of levan produced by Streptococcus salivarius.

Levan produced by Streptococcus salivarius was fractionated into a series of 20 fractions of varying molecular weight. The range of intrinsic viscosities of the fractions was 0.07 to 0.18 dl/gm in water and 0.20 to 0.29 dl/gm in dimethyl sulfoxide. The molecular weight of the unfractionated leval determined by light scattering was 31.5 times 10-6. Small amounts of fatty acids and protein were found associated with levan.

Carbohydrates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sucrose, the arch criminal of dental caries.

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Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sugar and dental caries.

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Cariogenic Agents↗