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Biomedical subjects

E N Gale

Publications and source records attributed to E N Gale.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Relaxation and musical programming as means of reducing psychological stress during dental procedures.

Relaxation and musical programming as techniques designed to reduce stress during operative dental procedures were evaluated with a number of different measures. The results indicate that relaxation is an effective method of reducing patient anxiety. However, the results with musical programs suggest that music, at best, results in a placebo effect. This effect is similar to that of administering an inactive drug that produces beneficial effects in some patients some of the time. Relaxation appears to be a consistent method of reducing stress. Although the relaxation technique is preferred more by women that by men, it is effective with both sexes.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Factors associated with nocturnal bruxism and its treatment.

Using a single-subject design, two methods of treating nocturnal bruxism were evaluated. Neither technique was successful; both resulted in a rebound effect when treatment was stopped. In addition, the role of anxiety in bruxing behavior was evaluated. Contrary to most theoretical beliefs, bruxing resulting from anxiety was not as important as "anticipatory" anxiety resulting in bruxing.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A three-year clinical assessment of a composite resin and its radiopaque counterpart.

Two composite resin materials, one containing a radiopaque filler, gave similar clinical results over the 3 year test period. There was a color shift toward a darker restoration, and a marginal stain occurred. Loss of marginal integrity was slight, and only three restorations showed wear or loss of material. There were no recurrent caries. It should be reemphasized that the major advantage of the radiopaque material is the capability of radiographic evaluation. Voids, caries, improper contours, and overhangs may be detected with this material.

Barium↗
PubMed1980

Two independent evaluations of ten amalgam alloys.

Two independent research groups evaluated marginal failure and conducted creep tests on 10 commercial amalgam alloys. Correlation data determined that both laboratory tests and clinical results were essentially the same between the two studies. The 2-year clinical results indicate that five alloys, Cupralloy, Dispersalloy, Indiloy, Phasealloy, and Tytin give best results. Creep correlated with the rate of marginal failure within a study when all alloys were assessed; however, for the seven gamma-2-free alloys, there was no significant relationship between in vivo and in vitro data. Since creep tests did not predict marginal failure of the gamma-2-free alloys, the results of clinical studies should be the guide to selection of the better amalgam alloys.

Copper↗
PubMed1980

Clinical performance of certain commercial high-copper-content amalgams.

The types of alloys and the integrity at the margins of certain commercially available high-copper-content amalgams were assessed. After a two-year clinical trial, interpretation of the results indicated that Dispersalloy, Cupralloy, and Phasealloy had the least failure at the margins. These alloys were closely followed by Indiloy and Tytin, Sybraloy, Optaloy II, Velvalloy (a traditional alloy), Micro II, and Aristaloy CR had less marginal integrity. Clinical data can be used to guide the practitioner in selecting an amalgam alloy.

Copper↗
PubMed1979

Psychological stress reduction during dental procedures.

Behavioral methods of patient stress reduction during amalgam restorations were evaluated. Eighty adult patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups of 20 each: a control group, a relaxation group, a perceived control group, and an active distraction group. Both relaxation and distraction were found to be effective in reducing patient discomfort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The use of relaxation and distraction to reduce psychological stress during dental procedures.

Relaxation and distraction techniques designed to reduce stress during operative dental procedures were evaluated with a number of different measures. The results indicate that both techniques can be effective in alleviating anxiety and reducing stress. Some findings suggested that relaxation was more effective with women than with men whereas distraction may be more effective with men than with women. Further research is needed to refine these techniques that should be readily adaptable to dental practice.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A method for assessing the clinical solubility and disintegration of luting cements.

A test was designed for evaluating the distintegration of cementing agents in the oral cavity. The cements were placed in small holes located in the proximal surfaces of cast gold restorations so that the materials were not subject to abrasion. Each cement was placed in one hole located occlusally and one located gingivally. Four commercial cements of four different types (zinc phosphate, zinc silicophosphate, polycarboxylate, and EBA-Alumina zinc oxide/eugenol) were tested in 15 patients, and differences were observed in the deterioration rates of the different cements over the 6 month period. The disintegration rate of a given cement was the same in the gingival and occlusal positions. No correlation was observed between the clinical data on loss of material and the solubility of the cements as measured by conventional in vitro tests.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1978

Frustration and temporomandibular joint pain.

The significance of frustration as a cause of temporomandibular joint pain is investigated through the use of bilateral electromyographic recording. Interpretation of both parametric and nonparametric data indicates the lack of relationship. The need for careful controls and the problems of psychologizing are discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1978

Psychological characteristics of long-term female temporomandibular joint pain patients.

Analysis from the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS) scores of 44 long-term temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain patients and 10 facial pain patients of a non-TMJ variety shows no significant differences. Both groups were significantly higher than a normative group. After treatment TMJ patients are not significantly different on the TMAS than the normative group. Etiological implications are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of a dental anxiety scale.

A number of different sets of data concerning the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale were evaluated. The data indicate that the scale is a reliable, valid, and useful measure of dental anxiety. It can be successfully used in the dental office or in research projects.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1977

Biofeedback in the treatment of long-term temporomandibular joint pain: an outcome study.

Eleven patients with long-term pain related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) were trained in tension awareness and relaxation using feedback of muscle tension level in the masseter through a digital display. At a follow-up examination 4-15 months after the termination of treatment, 8 of the 11 patients were totally symptom-free or significantly better; 1 patient was slightly better, and there was no effect for 2 patients. Possible reasons for failure and sex differences are discussed.

Adult↗