[Leiomyoma of the jejunum. The role of selective angiography. A case report].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
E Moser
Publications and source records attributed to E Moser.
Clinical proton spectroscopy--towards routine diagnostic use.
Despite 40 years of NMR spectroscopy and 10 years of in vivo spectroscopy in humans, the break-even point for routine clinical diagnosis has not yet been reached. Obviously there are many factors that stimulate but also restrict the use of proton NMR spectroscopy in clinical routine.
Diagnostic Imaging↗
Transfer from PET to SPET in cardiology, but the unit of reference is still the patient.
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Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
[Quality control for localized in-vivo proton spectroscopy on clinical MR equipment].
The localisation techniques STEAM and PRESS using echo times of 135 ms were tested for their performance. The selection parameters selection efficiency, contamination and outer volume suppression factor were determined as well as the quality of water suppression and the linearity of signal intensities versus concentrations. Using a voxel size of 2 x 2 x 2 cm3 PRESS localisation showed better values for the selection parameters than STEAM: selection efficiency: 6.0 vs. 4.6%, contamination: 0.70 vs. 3.26%, outer volume suppression factor: 220,000 vs. 60,000. Signal intensities showed good linearity (r2 = 0.9996) with concentrations of more than 10 mM, but below that concentration deviation of more than 10% should be taken into account. Measurements for quality assessment are important to optimise measurement protocols and for estimating the clinical value of in vivo measurements.
Humans↗
False-positive diagnosis of a pheochromocytoma with I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine.
The rare case of a false-positive scintiscan with I-123 labelled metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in a patient with suspected pheochromocytoma is reported. Focal accumulation of the tracer in the upper right abdomen, primarily thought to represent a right-sided pheochromocytoma, was subsequently proven to be caused by an ampullary renal pelvis. In cases of unexplained MIBG accumulation the possibility of prolonged retention of the tracer, because of an abnormality of the renal pelvis, should be considered and excluded by ultrasound.
3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
[Immunoscintigraphy results in the comparison of ocular with cutaneous melanoma].
For several years, immunoscintigraphy (IS) using a 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibody for tumor localization has been used as an additional tool in the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. The aim of our study was to verify previously published data with respect to our own patients and to correlate immunoscintigraphic results with histological findings. In particular, we wanted to compare the outcome of IS in ocular melanoma with that in cutaneous melanoma. We examined 28 patients (15 females, 13 males, average age 64 years) with clinically suspected ocular melanoma. IS was performed using the monoclonal antibody 225.28S (Tecnemab-K-1, Fa. Sorin/Solco), and images were obtained in a standard fashion (planar) as well as with the SPECT technique. In 16 patients, the tumor was examined afterwards histologically. The control group consisted of 102 patients with histologically proven metastasizing cutaneous melanoma who were investigated by IS in an identical fashion. In contrast to the literature published so far, we demonstrated a positive IS reaction in only 42% (and 56% in histologically proven cases, respectively) in our patients with ocular melanoma, while in patients with cutaneous melanoma, we found a sensitivity of more than 80%. In the 3 patients who turned out not to have ocular melanoma, we found one false-positive reaction (subretinal hemorrhage). No correlation was found between the various histological features of ocular melanoma and the immunoscintigraphic results. We conclude that IS using the antibody 25.28S is of limited value in patients with ocular melanoma and should only be recommended in selected cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Choroid Neoplasms↗
[Thyrotoxic crisis after exposure to iodine. A case with fatal outcome].
A 78-year-old woman is presented with a multinodular toxic goiter and euthyroidism under continuous low-dose treatment with antithyroid drugs. A period of hyperthyroidism had been documented 3 years previously. In the preoperative management, prior to resection of a benign ovarian tumour, an intravenous urogram was performed. Perchlorate was given for thyroid protection. One day after surgery the clinical signs of thyroid storm were observed. Immediately, high-dose antithyroid drug therapy was started. Nevertheless, the patient died of acute cardiovascular failure 3 days later. This case report focuses on the risk of thyroid storm following iodine excess in the presence of relevant functional thyroid autonomy without adequate thyroid protection.
Aged↗
[Required dose of imaging systems--nuclear medicine].
The required dose of imaging systems in nuclear medicine is based upon the statistical properties of radioactive decay. In contrast to the absorbed dose, the radioactivity can be directly and easily measured. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has developed the concept of effective dose. Based on this concept, radiation exposure by nuclear medicine and radiodiagnostic procedures can be compared to the natural radiation burden. In addition, the hypothetical risk associated with exposure to ionizing radiation can be estimated and compared to that in daily life. Radiation exposure in nuclear medicine procedures including PET remain within the limits of annual natural radiation exposure (1-6 mSv). The overall risk of any diagnostic procedure employing ionizing radiation in radiology appears to be negligible. The activity used for procedures in nuclear medicine is a compromise between radiation safety and image quality. A recent representative evaluation revealed that the average activity used for nuclear medicine procedures in Germany is lower than in other European states. While for most adult procedures a standard dose is given, the accepted method for children is the weight method. Any procedure employing ionizing radiation is usually performed only if alternative diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound and MRI cannot answer a specific test question appropriately. In addition to the latter, there are several ways to minimize radiation exposure. The most important way of assuring quality in any procedure is a strong quality-control program. Furthermore, comprehensive knowledge encompassing the indications for a study, the technical aspects of its acquisition and processing, and the final interpretation of its results are of great importance. Finally, it is known that prolonged data acquisition will result in improved image quality; however, this is clearly limited by the acceptance of the patient.
Adolescent↗
[The current status of nuclear cardiology].
Unlike other techniques, nuclear cardiologic imaging enables evaluation of cardiac function employing radioactive tracers. This procedure can be used to assess myocardial blood flow, metabolism, viability, cardiac innervation and receptor status. Therefore, this noninvasive imaging modality can be regarded as supplementary to the screening methods in cardiology and also to angiography. General clinical use was not possible until the rapid development of nuclear medicine in the fifties began. With increasing widespread of positron emission tomography more detailed information on metabolic tissue characterization can be expected and will be of enormous relevance in clinical decision making and in selecting patients for interventions.
Cardiomyopathies↗
Synaptic potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus during exploratory learning.
To investigate whether hippocampal synaptic transmission is enhanced during learning, we recorded synaptic field potentials in the dentate gyrus in response to stimulation of the perforant path in rats exploring a novel environment. Because these signals rapidly grow during brain temperature elevation, caused by any motor activity, the potentials were compared with signals sampled at similar brain temperatures after passive warming. Both the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (f-EPSP) and the population spike increased significantly early in the exploration, relative to temperature-matched control potentials. The effect decayed within 15-30 minutes. This is the first demonstration of a temperature-independent synaptic potentiation in the hippocampus during learning about the environment. The time course is similar to that of short-term potentiation.
Animals↗
Muon-catalyzed pt fusion.
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Journal Article↗
[Rational diagnosis of thyroid gland diseases].
The recommendations for the diagnosis of diseases of the thyroid gland issued seven years ago by the Thyroid Gland Section of the German Society of Endocrinology continue to apply, and are still relevant. On this basis, the main procedures available for effective and rational diagnostic evaluation are discussed. Depending upon the case history and clinical findings, a diagnostic strategy is developed for the most common benign diseases of the thyroid gland.
Diagnostic Imaging↗
Association between brain temperature and dentate field potentials in exploring and swimming rats.
Attempts to correlate behavioral learning with cellular changes, such as increased synaptic efficacy, have often relied on increased extracellular potentials as an index of enhanced synaptic strength. A recent example is the enlarged excitatory field potentials in the dentate gyrus of rats that are learning spatial relations by exploration. The altered hippocampal field potentials do not reflect learning-specific cellular changes but result from a concomitant rise in brain temperature that is caused by the associated muscular effort. Enhanced dentate field excitatory potentials followed both passive and active heating and were linearly related to the brain temperature. These temperature-related effects may mask any learning-induced changes in field potential.
Animals↗
Comparison in acute myocardial infarction of anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex versus heparin evaluated by simultaneous thallium-201/technetium-99m pyrophosphate tomography.
In a subgroup of 45 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from the German multicenter trial of anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex (APSAC) (n = 20) versus heparin (n = 25), simultaneous thallium (TI)-201 technetium (Tc)-99m pyrophosphate (PYP) tomography was initiated to elucidate a possible benefit of APSAC over heparin. Findings in the 2 treatment groups were similar with respect to TI-201 defect score, relative scintigraphic infarct size, and in keeping with the main group coronary artery patency, global ejection fraction and maximal creatine kinase level. However, 2 different TI-201/Tc-99m PYP accumulation patterns within the area of infarction (homogeneous, group A; inhomogeneous, group B) were identified. Both treatment groups were similar with regard to the frequency of the homogeneous and inhomogeneous pattern. In comparing the 2 accumulation patterns, creatine kinase peaked earlier in group A than in group B, and global left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly higher in group A than in group B. In Group A, 30 of 31 patients and in group B 7 of 11 patients had a patent infarct-related vessel (p < 0.025). TI-201 defect score was lower in group A than in group B. Likewise, relative size of the infarction as determined from Tc-99m PYP images was significantly lower in group A than in group B. Fifteen patients experienced cardiogenic shock or severe heart failure. Patients in group B had a higher incidence of these in-hospital complications than patients in group A (92 vs 12%, p < 0.0005). Scintigraphic infarct size and TI-201 defect score were greater in patients with the aforementioned clinical events.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Anistreplase↗
Proton spin-lattice relaxation time as liver transplantation graft viability parameter.
In this study proton NMR T1 of stored rat liver grafts was investigated and correlated with other viability parameters. Five different storage solutions were used and T1 as well as overall tissue water content, bile flow, and energy charge were determined after various periods of cold storage (1 to 48 hr). A good correlation between T1 and tissue water content was detected, suggesting the possible use of this relaxation time parameter as liver graft viability parameter in a combined protocol of rapid viability assays for human liver transplantation surgery.
Adenosine↗
Proton spin-spin relaxation times as liver transplantation graft viability parameter.
In this study, spin-spin relaxation time T2 of stored rat liver grafts was investigated and correlated with other viability parameters. Five different storage solutions were applied and T2 as well as overall tissue water content, bile flow, and energy charge were determined for increasing durations of cold storage (1-48 hr). Good correlation between T2 and tissue water content was detected. In a subset of experiments, dealing with additional warm ischemia after cold storage, the relative increase of T2 and energy charge showed a very good correlation. The results suggest the possible use of relaxation time parameters as liver graft viability parameters in a combined protocol of rapid viability assays for human liver transplantation surgery.
Animals↗
Analysis of the first international data bank on in vitro NMR relaxation times: animal liver.
Based on an international "Interlaboratory Comparison of Protocol Trials for In Vitro Studies by NMR," the EEC COMAC-BME concerted action on "Identification and Characterization of Biological Tissue by NMR" started collection of a data bank for in vitro relaxation time data of normal and pathological tissues. Relaxation time measurements were performed in a frequency range from 10-90 MHz and in a temperature range from 3 to 40 degrees C; data analysis was done using single exponential fitting routines. Specimens were taken from different organs or tissues (n = 19) of various species (n = 5) and both sexes. More than 900 relaxation time data from 12 participating groups were collected. However, for quantitative analysis we concentrated on liver tissue (287 entries). Main results are the high reproducibility of data from different centers, allowing quantification of temperature dependence of T1 and T2, respectively, in fresh mouse (3.9 and 0.41 msec/degrees C), rat (2.1 and 0.24 msec/degrees C), and hamster (2.6 and 0.22 msec/degrees C) liver. Further, a highly significant species difference between mouse and rat liver, not depending on water content, has been established. We discuss results quantitatively as well as consequences for in vitro protocols and future multicenter data collection.
Animals↗
Positive ventilation-perfusion lung scan and positive Tl-201 myocardial scintigraphy due to Takayasu's arteritis.
A case of Takayasu's arteritis is reported. Ventilation-perfusion lung scans and exercise thallium scintigraphy clearly showed pulmonary and coronary arterial involvement, respectively. Clinical examination and angiography revealed no other abnormal vascular findings. This case points out the difficulty in attempting to diagnose Takayasu's disease if only atypical vascular involvement is present.
Adult↗