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Biomedical subjects

E Moser

Publications and source records attributed to E Moser.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Sclerotherapy of varicocele. Efficacy of radiological, clinical and seminal treatment].

Between december 1983 and april 1989, percutaneous retrograde sclerotherapy of varicocele was successfully performed on 364 patients. A 5% solution of sodium morrhuate and benzylic alcohol (Varicocid) was administered through a coaxial balloon catheter inserted into the spermatic vein. 10 of the patients had relapses after surgery. Long-term follow-up was available for 268 patients (73.6%). Three of them had incomplete relapses after sclerotherapy. In terms of spermatologic improvement, sclerotherapy appeared to be effective in the treatment of varicoceles. In our experience, sclerotherapy is a safe effective procedure to be preferred to surgery in the management of varicocele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Scintigraphy using 111In-labeled antimyosin in Churg-Strauss vasculitis with myocardial involvement].

A case of Churg-Strauss vasculitis in a young woman is reported. Diagnosis was confirmed by muscle biopsy. Affection of lungs, kidneys and skin was evident. In addition, myocarditis was suspected on clinical evidence. A highly positive scintigraphy with 111In-antimyosin enabled diagnosis and assessment of damage to the myocytes. With a heart-to-lung ratio of 3.0 the accumulated activity in the myocardium was higher than usually found in myocarditis. This finding supports the hypothesis of an additional ischemic necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[The importance of bone scintigraphy in the aftercare of patients with malignancies].

The present review is concerned with the value of bone scanning in the follow-up of patients with malignant tumors. The scintigraphic sensitivity depends on the type of bone metastases. Osteoplastic metastases (e.g., from prostatic cancer) can be detected much more easily than purely osteolytic foci (e.g., of multiple myeloma). One controversial point is the role of bone scans in the follow-up of patients with breast carcinoma. This particular malignancy is used as an example to point out irrationalities in the recommendations on the selection of imaging modalities in routine follow-up. Such recommendations are based on the present knowledge of the tumor growth kinetics, which is still inadequate. In view of this, follow-up strategies should not be based solely on statistical and epidemiological considerations and cost-benefit ratios.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Early changes in thyroid hormones following radioiodine therapy of hyperthyroidism with reference to etiology and accompanying medication].

Radioiodine therapy (RITh) is an effective mode of treatment of different types of hyperthyroidism (immunogenic, IH; nonimmunogenic, NIH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of thyroid storm after RITh. For this purpose a systematic determination of thyroid hormones (TT3, TT4) 5 and if possible 12 days after RITh was performed in 416 patients with borderline or overt hyperthyroidism. Additional antithyroid medication after RITh was necessary in 20 patients. Among the remaining 396 patients 48% had been pretreated with antithyroid drugs because of more severe clinical symptoms. This medication was canceled 10 to 5 days before RITh in all cases. After RITh the mean TT3 and TT4 levels of the subgroups, with and without antithyroid premedication, decreased nearly in parallel course. The whole group of 396 patients presented a significant decrease in TT3 levels with a mean from 1.9 to 1.4 ng/ml. In 18 cases (5%) an increase in TT3 level (greater than or equal to 0.5 ng/ml) was detected without requiring antithyroid therapy. No case of thyroid storm was observed in the entire patient group. TT3 decrease appeared to be more pronounced in patients with higher pretreatment levels. TT4 showed a significant decrease only in case of elevated levels. Post-therapeutic hormone levels were not dependent on the etiology of hyperthyroidism (IH, NIH). The decrease of TT3 levels in the IH group was more pronounced after application of 150 Gy compared with 60 Gy. The additional medication with propranolol (greater than or equal to 60 mg/day) enforced the TT3 decrease. Accompanying glucocorticoid medication had no influence on the hormone levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Detection and quantification of chronic cerebrovascular disease: comparison of MR imaging, SPECT, and CT.

Twenty patients with angiographically proved occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) (19 unilateral, one bilateral) were studied with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, iodine-123 iodoamphetamine (IMP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), xenon-133 SPECT, and computed tomography (CT). All patients had a history of stroke or prolonged reversible ischemic neurologic deficit for more than 4 weeks. By regions of interest, T1, T2, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and the number and size of the lesions were determined. The data were expressed as interhemispheric ratios (diseased/nondiseased). The highest ratios obtained were for MR imaging (T1, 2.60 +/- 0.42; T2, 1.61 +/- 0.22 [mean +/- standard deviation]) followed by Xe-133 SPECT (0.58 +/- 0.13) and IMP SPECT (0.56 +/- 0.13). Correlation coefficients for MR imaging (1/T1, 1/T2) and IMP SPECT were below .21. The lesion size was greatest on IMP SPECT images, intermediate on MR images, and least on CT scans. However, MR imaging was superior in detection of pathologic areas (detection rates: MR, 100%; IMP SPECT, 91%; CT, 79%). Relaxation times do not correlate with rCBF.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

[Canaliculo-cystostomy using the fibrin glue technic].

In ophthalmology the fibrin sealing technique has been used in corneal, scleral, conjunctival and lens surgery, as well as in oculoplastic surgery, namely in lid surgery. Fibrin sealing of the anastomosis of the canaliculo-cystostomy in combination with silicone intubation is a new indication for fibrin sealing. In seven patients with stenosis of the canaliculus communis due to chronic inflammation this new technique was successfully used. Technique of operation, advantages and results of this method are described.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1989

[Skeletal scintigraphic findings in spinal diseases].

Bone scanning and X-ray imaging are complementary diagnostic procedures providing different information on morphology and function. This is true for diseases of the spine. For further evaluation of lesions that have already been localized, bone scanning should be performed after X-ray examinations if any questions are still open (e.g., extent of disturbed bone metabolism, viability, age of a spine fracture, response to therapy). Typical scintigraphic patterns specific for few bone diseases are exceptional, being confined to Paget's diseases and degenerative changes in the cervical spine. As a first imaging modality, however, bone scanning should be employed in the follow-up of patients with malignancies and the probability of bone metastases. In a second step, bone lesions identified by scintigraphy should be checked by X-ray imaging. In this order and context, the high sensitivity of bone scanning and the high specificity of X-ray imaging optimize the accuracy of the diagnoses achieved with the different radiological modalities.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1989

[Nuclear medicine diagnosis of the thyroid].

The progress made in ultrasonography and improved in vitro tests have changed the field of application for scintigraphy of the thyroid. Thyroid scanning itself has been improved by the use of isotopes with better imaging properties and less radiation burden (99mTc, 123I) and by gamma cameras for imaging. Scintigraphy yields real topographic and functional information on the gland, in addition to which ultrasonography gives morphological data only. This holds true especially for autonomous nodular goiter with iodine deficiency. The goal of thyroid imaging is always to match the appropriate diagnostic procedure with all the clinical data available. When optimized techniques (gamma camera, on-line processor) are used thyroid scintigraphy is useful for the diagnosis, adequate therapy and follow-up of various thyroid disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of relaxation time data from a low-resolution 1H-NMR-pulse-spectrometer.

Systematic investigations have been undertaken in order to evaluate the potential of low resolution NMR for characterization of biological tissue (in vitro) during early post mortem period. Test measurements from corn-oil samples are compared with computer simulated data. Furthermore, time-after-excision dependence of mouse-liver tissue is presented using the in vitro protocol developed in our laboratory. Quantitative data from biexponential model fit are shown and results are discussed in terms of the "best guess" model.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Systematic investigation of degradation effects on spin-spin relaxation times in mouse-liver by low resolution NMR.

Despite numerous work on spin-lattice (T1) relaxation in vitro, not much attention has been paid on spin-spin (T2) relaxation until now. In this study we are presenting spin-spin relaxation time measurements of mouse liver tissue in order to estimate the time-after-excision effects. The post mortem behaviour of excised tissue was investigated up to four hours in intervals of about nine minutes. The time course of liver T2 was determined for different temperatures (4 degrees - 40 degrees C) for female mice. In order to describe the similar behaviour of T2 and pH changes in mouse liver after excision, we are suggesting an empirical model to correlate this data. In contrast to T1 results published recently, we found no significant differences in liver T2 time course after excision due to different physiological states like sex, starvation or circadian rhythm. T1/T2-behaviour after tissue excision is discussed in an attempt to separate various relaxation mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Systematic investigation of degradation effects on spin-lattice relaxation times in mouse-liver by low resolution NMR.

In spite of numerous work on in vitro proton relaxation time investigations of biological tissue, many questions still remain open. In this study we focused on spin-lattice (T1) relaxation time measurements of mouse liver tissue in order to estimate the time-after-excision effects. The post mortem behaviour of excised tissue was measured up to four hours in intervals of about nine minutes. The time course of liver T1 was determined for different temperatures (4 degrees-40 degrees C) for female mice and the effect of starvation (up to 48 hours) on the time course of T1 was investigated for male and female mice at 37 degrees C. We obtained significant differences in liver T1 time course after excision due to different physiological states like sex, starvation and circadian rhythm.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Varicocele: the effects of sclerotherapy on hemodynamics and spermatogenesis].

Between January 1984 and July 1988, percutaneous retrograde sclerotherapy of varicocele was successfully performed on 267 patients. A 5% solution of sodium morrhuate and benzylic alcohol (Varicocid) was administered through a coaxial balloon catheter inserted into the spermatic vein. Nine of the patients had relapses after surgery. Long-term follow up was available for 248 patients. Three of them had incomplete relapses after sclerotherapy. In terms of spermatologic improvement, sclerotherapy appeared to be effective in the treatment of varicoceles. In our experience, sclerotherapy is a safe and effective procedure to be preferred to surgery in the management of varicocele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Immunoscintigraphy in intraocular malignant melanoma.

Immunoscintigraphy of malignant tumours has become an encouraging tool in nuclear medicine. Early diagnosis of small lesions is mandatory for successful cancer therapy. The scintigraphic detectability of small lesions (less than 1 cm in diameter) by immunoscintigraphy is shown in 39 patients suffering from ocular tumours (37 malignant choroidal melanoma, two benign choroidal naevi) using 99Tcm-labelled F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-melanoma monoclonal antibody 225.28S; this antibody recognizes the high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen. No adverse effects were observed. In terms of true-positive results, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) proved to be superior to planar scans (73% versus 41% true-positive results).

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[The place of 67Ga scintigraphy in the primary diagnosis and follow-up evaluation of opportunistic pneumonia in patients with AIDS].

Opportunistic pneumonias are a life-threatening complication in patients with AIDS. Early diagnosis and therapy is necessary to improve prognosis. This study was designed to assess the value of 67Ga scintigraphy in the primary detection and follow-up of these special pneumonias. 67Ga scintigraphy was performed in 40 patients: 10 normal controls and 30 HIV-positive patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC). 67Ga scan results were compared with current chest radiographs and the results of pathogen detection. The evaluation of positive scans was based on a quantification of the pulmonary uptake, expressed as a pulmonary/soft-tissue uptake ratio. Only 8/30 patients had a normal scan, 22/30 showed diffuse (13/22) or focal (9/22) increases of pulmonary uptake. In 7/8 patients with normal scans the chest radiograph was negative as well. The one patient with negative scan but positive chest radiograph had pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma. In 11/22 patients the 67Ga scan and chest radiograph were positive simultaneously. In the other 11/22 patients with positive scans chest radiographs were initially negative but showed pathology in 5 cases within 1-2 weeks. The reason for positive scans in most cases was an opportunistic lung infection; other forms of pneumonia were only observed in two cases. The defined uptake ratio demonstrated to be a highly sensitive parameter for monitoring pneumonia and the effects of therapy in follow-up studies. In conclusion, quantitative 67Ga scintigraphy proved to be a reliable and highly sensitive method for primary detection and follow-up of opportunistic pneumonias in patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Perfusion scintigraphy using 99mTc-labeled microspheres in the functional evaluation of an implanted portsystem for intraarterial cytostatic treatment of liver metastases].

Perfusion scintigraphy with 99mTc-labeled microspheres was used to assess the integrity of catheter systems implanted in patients with liver metastases for intraarterial regional chemotherapy, and to document the distribution of cytostatic drugs. 33 examinations in 12 patients were performed after implantation as well as prior to each cytostatic cycle. Recurrent stenosis with (3) and without (9) reflux into the adjacent upper abdominal organs was found in each patient with long-term implantation of the port system. In 50% of all cases, the stenosis was successfully treated using urokinase as a thrombolytic agent.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

[133Xe-DSPECT: significance of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity for the diagnosis and therapy of chronic cerebral ischemia].

Using 133Xe-DSPECT, measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were performed before and after stimulation with 1 g of Diamox in 55 patients with symptomatic occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and 26 patients without evidence of brain disease (normals). In normals, a negative correlation (r = -0.74) of the Diamox-induced increase of hemispheric blood flow (reserve capacity) and rCBF at rest was observed. In 48 of the 55 patients (87%) with ICA-occlusion a reduced reserve capacity was found. The extent of reduction, however, did not correlate with the findings of transmission CT, because 15 of 21 patients (71%) with normal CT-scans presented a moderate to severe reduction of reserve capacity. In contrast, reserve capacity corresponded to the extent of arterial collateralisation as documented by cerebral panangiography. In 31 patients EC/IC-bypass surgery was performed. In follow-up studies reserve capacity increased, especially in patients who had a severe reduction preoperatively. Therefore, the combined measurement of rCBF at rest and of reserve capacity is a sensitive, non-invasive method for the diagnosis of (even bilateral) cerebrovascular disease and can be helpful to identify patients with hemodynamic ischemia, who may benefit from EC/IC-bypass surgery.

Adult↗