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Biomedical subjects

E Mariani

Publications and source records attributed to E Mariani.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Reabsorption of a saline- or plasma-induced hydrothorax.

In supine rabbits injection of 2 ml of saline into the lower right diaphragmatic region increased pleural liquid pressure at the injection point and, to a minor extent, on the costal and mediastinal side, indicating a redistribution of liquid among the pleural compartments. Over a period of 120 min end-expiratory liquid pressure on the diaphragmatic and costal surfaces approached the control value as a result of local reabsorption. No difference in the time course of liquid pressure was found on injection of either saline or homologous plasma. This was confirmed by measuring the volume of saline or plasma remaining in the cavity 90 min after injection; the net absorption flow amounted to 0.22 ml . kg-1 . h-1. These results suggest that local absorption mechanisms are relatively independent of the Starling pressure gradients acting across the pulmonary-perfused (-10.2 and 6.6 cmH2O with saline and plasma, respectively, the negative sign indicating a reabsorption gradient) and systemically perfused mesothelium (3.3 and 20.1 cmH2O with saline and plasma, respectively).

Absorption↗
PubMed1983

Derivatives of 1,3,3-trimethyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane with hypotensive activity. I.

The synthesis of three series of glycinamides (IV), amides (V) and diamines (VI) starting from 1,3,3-trimethyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane is described. Some of compounds (IV), (V) and (VI) showed a moderate hypotensive activity in rats. Effects on heart rate in rats, infiltration anesthesia and antiarrhythmic activity in mice, as well as antiacetylcholine activity in vitro, are also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1983

Derivatives of 1,3,3-trimethyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane with hypotensive activity. II.

The synthesis of a series of alkyl and aryl ureas (II) starting from 1,3,3-trimethyl-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane is described. Some of these compounds showed a moderate hypotensive activity in rats. Effects on heart rate in rats, infiltration anesthesia and antiarrhythmic activity in mice, as well as antiacetylcholine activity in vitro, are also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

N-Phenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6-cis-amine derivatives with hypotensive and other activities.

The synthesis of N-phenyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6-cis-amine (III) starting from 6-nitrimino-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, as well as of a series of amides (IV) and ureas (VI) derived from (III), is described. A number of compounds (IV) showed strong hypotensive and bradycardic activity in rats, whereas the urea (IVb) showed infiltration anesthesia in mice similar to that of lidocaine. Antiarrhythmic activity in mice and antiacetylcholine activity in vitro are also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Role of the diaphragm in setting liquid pressure in serous cavities.

Supraphrenic and subphrenic liquid pressures in supine dogs and rabbits were found to be about 2 cm H2O more negative than costal and mediastinal liquid pressures at the same lung height. Peritoneal liquid pressure was negative at all lung heights in dogs and slightly positive below 25% of lung height in rabbits. The vertical gradients of liquid pressure did not differ significantly in either species between the pleural and peritoneal cavities and were lower than 1 cm H2O/cm. From the peritoneal protein concentration (2.3 and 3.5 g/100 ml in dogs and rabbits, respectively) we calculated a filtration pressure for the peritoneal mesothelium and a lymphatic role was hypothesized to explain negative liquid pressures in the peritoneal cavity. The greater negativity of the subphrenic as compared with the peritoneal data could be related to a strong respiratory-dependent lymphatic action. A similar mechanism and/or a low filtration conductance of the diaphragmatic pleura may explain the costo-supraphrenic liquid pressure difference. The present results, extending previously published data on the mediastinal side of the lung, further support the existence of local differences in fluid dynamics in the pleural cavity.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Derivatives of 5,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.2.] nonane with antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic and hypotensive activities. III.

The synthesis of alkyl and aryl ureas (II) derived from 5,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.2.]nonane (I), as well as hydrazides (V), (VI) and (VII) derived from 5,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]-nonan-3-amine (IV), is described. A number of theses compounds showed strong hypotensive and bradycardic activities in rats, as well as weak infiltration anesthesia and antiarrhythmic activity in mice. Antiacetylcholine activity in vitro is also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1982

Derivatives of 5,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxa-3-azatricyclo[3.2.2.0(2.4)]nonane with antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic and hypotensive activities.

The synthesis of ureas (IV) and amides (V) derived from the tricyclic terpenoid amine 5,7,7-trimethyl-6-oxa-3-azatricyclo[3.2.2.0(2.4)]nonane (III) is described. A number of these compounds showed hypotensive and bradycardic activity in rats, as well as infiltration anesthesia and antiarrhythmic activity in mice. In particular, the n-butylurea (IV b) was superior to lidocaine concerning the anesthetic effect, and the benzamide (V f) showed the same degree of local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic activity as lidocaine. Antiacetylcholine activity in vitro and antitumor activity against P388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice are also reported.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1981

[Lesions of the colon secondary to pancreatitis].

Pathological involvement of the colon secondary to acute and chronic pancreatitis is a rare complication of major clinical interest. Contiguity with the tail of the pancreas and certain anatomical relationships, particularly at the level of the peritoneal reflections, explain the involvement of, particularly, the left corner of the colon and the adjacent part of the transverse colon. The clinical forms may be listed as follows: 1) Adynamic ileus of the transverse colon associated, on direct radiological examination, with the picture of proximal colon distension with clear-cut interruption at the level of the transverse colon or left flexure. 2) Stenosis of the left flexure due to pericolitis and to the fibrosclerosing process that may take in other contiguous organs also. 3) Fistula of the left flexure or of the adjacent part of the transverse colon due to parietal necrosis and vascular impairment. Also described is an association of fistula and massive haemorrhage for erosion of the colon and of the splenic artery by pancreatic pseudocyst. Two clinical cases are presented along with the basic elements of pathology, diagnosis and therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Pleural liquid pressure over the interlobar mediastinal and diaphragmatic surfaces of the lung.

Pleural liquid pressure (Pliq) was measured in the interlobar fissures and over the mediastinal apical, cardiac and diaphragmatic surface. When compared to costal values, Pliq was more subatmospheric over the cardiac region at all lung heights by about 5 cm H2O so that a costo-hilar gradient down the interlobar fissures of about 0.7 cm H2O/cm was found. No differences were found for other surfaces. Cardiac values, unlike costal ones, became more subatmospheric on increasing ventilation and heart-rate. On the basis of a Starling equilibrium a costo-hilar gradient of Pliq as well as more negative values in the cardiac surface can be explained if hydrostatic pressure in visceral pleura and/or hydraulic conductivity of parietal pleura are lower on mediastinal as compared to costal side. However the ventilation and heart-beat dependence of Pliq on cardiac region suggest a possible role of lymphatic in setting pleural liquid pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Different mechanisms of "in vitro' lymphocytotoxicity against isolated rabbit hepatocytes during the course of acute viral hepatitis.

In order to characterize the effector mechanism of "in vitro' lymphocytotoxicity against isolated rabbit liver cells in acute viral hepatitis (AVH), the test was performed in 4 patients with type A, in 8 with type, B, and in 2 patients with non-A non-B AVH: (a) using peripheral blood lymphocytes; (b) after enzymatic digestion of the surface membrane immunoglobulins of these lymphocytes, and (c) as in b with addition of patients' sera. 78.5% of the patients had an elevated cytotoxicity which did not change when the lymphocytes were treated as in b and c. Only the 2 patients which progressed to chronicity had an elevated cytotoxicity which disappeared after enzymatic exposure and reappeared with the addition of patients' sera. The results suggest that "in vitro' cytoxicity in recovering AVH is not antibody dependent, but probably of spontaneous type. On the contrary an antibody-dependent cytotoxicity is present in the 2 cases of AVH who progressed to chronicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ester of 6-cis-dialkylamino-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-5-trans-ol with hypotensive and other activities.

Three series of esters of 6-cis-dialkylamino-1,3,3-trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-5-trans-ol (dialkylamino = pyrrolidino, piperidino, morpholino) are described. A number of these compounds showed strong hypotensive activity in rats, as well as infiltration anesthesia and antiarrhythmic activity in mice. The lowering effects on heart rate in rats are also described.

Anesthetics, Local↗
PubMed1980

[Ménétrier's disease. Apropos of 2 personal cases].

Two cases of Ménétrier's disease are presented. Gastric resection was adopted due to necessity in one case, and total gastrectomy in the other. Gastric and digestive exploration, particularly gastroscopy, are regarded as indispensable diagnostic steps. Total gastrectomy is the treatment of choice. This prevents further protein loss and possible malignant degeneration.

Female↗