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Biomedical subjects

E Mallet

Publications and source records attributed to E Mallet.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Sensitivity of the renal adenylate cyclase receptor system to parathormone during the last third of pregnancy in the rat.

During the last third of pregnancy, the rat phospho-calcic metabolism is clearly modified. Sensitivity of the renal receptor to parathormone (PTH) was investigated over this period in the fetuses and their mothers. As early as day 16.5 of pregnancy, the fetal kidney is sensitive to bovine PTH (1-34) on the basis of cAMP production. Sensitivity declines on the last day of pregnancy. The newborn kidney showed a higher response to PTH 3 h after birth than after 24 h. The basal adenylate cyclase activity in renal membranes of maternal kidney does not change. The sensitivity to PTH and to fluoride both decreased on day 18.5. A desensitization process of the PTH receptor A-C system has to be studied in order to explain these results.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1989

[Argyria in children].

A case of argyria in a 14 year-old child caused by abuse of silver containing pulveriser for sore throat is described. The distinctive skin blue gray discoloration that occurs in argyria is due to deposition of silver. Pigmentation is permanent. Self treatment is stigmatized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Hereditary hyperoxaluria or oxalosis. Apropos of a case].

We report a case of primary oxalosis in a 12-year old girl. This unusual observation exemplifies two diagnostic pitfalls, i.e. false urinary tract infections and technical difficulties in accurately measuring oxalate urinary excretion. On the basis of this case and a review of the literature, we discuss diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Early diagnosis of the disease is important in order to monitor the patient and provide genetic counseling.

Child↗
PubMed1988

[Cerebrospinal fluid lysozyme in meningitis in children. Value in establishing the etiologic diagnosis].

Cerebrospinal fluid lysozyme (CSF-LZM) concentrations were determined in 62 controls, 28 viral meningitis and 22 bacterial meningitis, as compared to CSF lactic acid routinely used. CSF-LZM measurement was performed by a rapid turbidimetric assay which required 50 microliters CSF only. The mean CSF-LZM concentration of the control group was 0.23 mg/l, the highest value being 0.65 mg/l. The mean LZM levels in viral meningitis were 1.10 mg/l, never exceeding 3 mg/l. The range of pretreatment LZM levels in bacterial meningitis was 7.2 to 65 mg/l and above 3 mg/l in all cases 48 h after treatment. On the 6th day after admission, 12 of 16 samples showed abnormal values. The CSF-LZM assay seems to be of more value than that of lactic acid. Thus, before treatment, LZM concentrations were 10 to 100 fold higher than that of the normal values, with persistent high levels on the 2nd and even on the 6th day of treatment (whereas lactic acid values were all normal on day 6).

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical value of the determination of serum IgE in allergy to cow's milk proteins in infants].

The serum IgE, that are associated to the process of the immediate allergy are studied in children presenting a clinical semiology suggestive of intolerance to the cow-milk proteins, in order to specify their contribution in the diagnosis and the follow-up of this disease. The serum IgE are determined by the PRIST method and the presence of the milk proteins specific IgE, by the RAST method. In infants (n = 80) fed with infant formula and less than 4 months old, if it obviously appeared an increase of the global IgE with the age, on the other hand, no one had specific IgE to the cow-milk proteins. The same methods were used in children presenting a clinical semiology of IPLV. It appeared these children could be separated in 2 groups according to the presence or the absence of extra-digestive symptoms (urticaria...). There is significant increase of the global IgE level and the first group, but not in the second one. The two main allergens more frequently implicated are the alpha-lactalbumin and the beta lactaglobulin. Meanwhile the RAST efficiency is better for the global allergen to the cow-milk. Meanwhile, the determination of the specific IgE to the milk PLV does not present a prognosis interest. In fact, the success of a milk proteins reintroduction is not necessarily correlated with a previous negativation of RAST.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Dystonic reactions with metoclopramide: is there a risk population?

The authors examine 18 cases of early dystonic syndromes and review all the pediatric cases published previously in order to determine the evolutive and epidemiological characters of these intolerance reactions. These unrecognized manifestations normally occur within the first 24 hours of treatment and disappear within a few hours when the treatment is discontinued. The use of diazepam and trihexyphenidyl accelerates the regression of the disorders. The doses of metoclopramide were mostly above the recommended doses, 60% of the cases correspond to doses in excess of 0.5 mg/kg per day or 0.2 mg/kg in a single dose. In the absence of overdosage, dystonic reactions occur essentially in female subjects aged over 9 years. For this part of the population, the possible occurrence of such a reaction should be mentioned to the family when the drug is prescribed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Facial cellulitis and Haemophilus meningitis in infants].

Two cases of facial cellulitis due to Haemophilus influenzae serotype b are reported in 2 infants aged 3 and 6 months. Bacteriological diagnosis relied on blood cultures. Association with bacterial meningitis emphasizes the necessity of a systematic cerebrospinal fluid examination and the choice of antibiotherapy.

Cellulitis↗
PubMed1987

[Neonatal hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinism and subsequent epilepsy].

A historical cohort study was undertaken to determine the risk of epilepsy in a population of 18 newborns with neonatal hypoglycemia due to insulin excess. Follow-up was 3 years 8 months (range 7 years-1 year 3 months). Insulin excess was associated with maternal diabetes in 13 infants, with an isolated macrosomia in 2 infants, in one case with probable Langerhans hyperplasia, and in 2 newborns only prolonged beta-sympathomimetic therapy was the possible cause of insulin excess. Newborns with anoxia, brain malformation or small for date were excluded. Two newborns had hypoglycemia with epileptic clonic seizures, but only one was later epileptic. In this case, hypoglycemia was severe and persistent (16 hours). Hyperinsulinism was related to Langerhans hyperplasia. CT scan made at ages one and 6 months showed large hypodensity of the frontal and occipital white matter. Visual evoked responses were also abnormal. Visual evoked responses and CT scan normalized at 1 year. In other children, asymptomatic hypoglycemia (n = 11) or symptomatic hypoglycemia without epileptic seizures (n = 5) did not increase the epileptic risk as none of them had epileptic seizure later on. Thus, seizures associated with neonatal hypoglycemia alone seem to increase the epileptic risk with duration and severity of hypoglycemia being also essential prognostic factors.

Epilepsy↗
PubMed1986

Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy: a controlled trial of two methods.

A randomized study was conducted to evaluate the effects of single-dose and daily vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women during the last trimester of a winter pregnancy in the Northwest of France. The women were divided into three randomized groups: one (N = 21) was given a vitamin D2 supplement of 1000 IU/day during the last three months of pregnancy, one (N = 27) was given a single oral dose of 5 mg at the seventh month of pregnancy, and one (N = 29) acted as a control. Venous plasma samples were obtained at delivery from the women and from cord blood, and levels of calcium, 25-OHD, and 1,25(OH)2D were determined. No significant difference in plasma calcium concentration was found among the three groups, but within each group plasma calcium concentrations were higher in the cord samples than in the respective maternal samples. The levels of the two metabolites measured were consistently lower in the cord samples than in the respective maternal samples. Cord 25-OHD concentrations correlated with those of maternal plasma. No significant modification of maternal calciuria or of the birth weight of term infants was observed. 25-OHD concentrations were greater in maternal and cord plasma from treated mothers, but only a slight difference was observed between the supplemented groups. 1,25(OH)2D concentrations were not significantly different in the three groups. A single 5-mg dose of vitamin D given orally at the seventh month of pregnancy provides effective prophylaxis in the authors' region.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

The value of serum IgE assay in milk aspiration and the sudden infant death syndrome.

Global serum levels of IgE (PRIST, Phadebas) and specific anti-cow's milk IgE (RAST) were measured in populations of infants with a history of one or more episodes of milk aspiration (n = 12), victims of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) (n = 18), "near miss" SIDS infants (n = 23), siblings of a SIDS victim ((n = 21) and control infants (n = 38). Only the infants with a past history of milk aspiration had significantly raised global and specific IgE. The absence of raised specific IgE in the subjects who died from SIDS argues against the hypothesis of sensitisation to cow's milk proteins during a previous episode of aspiration. Nasopharyngeal reflux is frequently seen in near-miss infants. This reflux is more often responsible for reflex apnoea due to stimulation of the laryngeal chemo-receptors than to a fatal aspiration.

Animals↗