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Biomedical subjects

E M Khalilov

Publications and source records attributed to E M Khalilov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Sphingolipids and cell signaling: involvement in apoptosis and atherogenesis.

This review considers various functional aspects of cell sphingolipids (sphingomyelin, ceramides) and lysosphingolipids (sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and sphingosine phosphorylcholine). Good evidence now exists that they are actively involved in numerous cell-signaling processes. The enzymes responsible for formation and interconversion of cell sphingolipids (sphingomyelinases, ceramidase, sphingosine kinase, S1P-lyase) exhibit high sensitivity to various stimulating factors. This determines the content of individual cell sphingolipids and therefore the mode of cell response. Special attention is paid to preferential localization of sphingolipids in the rigid plasma membrane domains (rafts) coupled to many signal proteins. The suggestion is discussed that ceramide signaling may be based on the modification of fine molecular interactions in lipid rafts, resulting in its clusterization inducing the signal transduction. The review also highlights involvement of sphingolipids in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and in processes implicated to atherosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Hypolipoproteinemia and secondary role of atherosclerosis in the development of ischemic heart disease in patients with polycythemia vera].

Relationship between presence of coronary heart disease (CHD), coronary risk factors (parameters of lipid transport system and hypertension) and disturbances of microcirculation was studied in patients with myeloproliferative blood disease Polycythemia Vera (PV). Probability of tissue (including blood vessel wall) cholesterol accumulation was estimated by measurement of its content in skin surface layers. PV patients (n=55, including 27 patients with CHD) had predominant hypolipoproteinemia with normal proportion of various lipoprotein classes. Absence of substantial increase of skin surface cholesterol content both in patients with and without CHD was considered to be a sign of low probability of the presence of severe atherosclerotic processes. However patients with CHD had substantially more pronounced disturbances of microcirculation. Basing on these data the authors suggest that CHD in PV patients had non-lipoprotein genesis and present discussion of alternative mechanisms of vascular changes.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Relation between resistance to oxidation and cholesterol acceptance of high density lipoproteins in patients with ischemic heart disease].

Cholesterol (CH) acceptance ability of high density lipoproteins (HDL) was assessed in 43 ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients, including patients with post-infarction cardiosclerosis and class II-III effort angina. CH acceptance ability of HDL was measured as increment of HDL CH after incubation with artificial CH-containing system. Oxidabilities of HDL and total plasma were estimated by quantitation of lipid peroxidation products (hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances - TBARS) after incubation with Cu(2+) ions. HDL fraction (after apo B lipoproteins removal) of IHD patients appeared to include 2 times less additive CH compared with donor's HDL despite lower (-12%) HDL CH level. Negative correlation (r =-0.38, p<0.05) existed between formed TBARS in HDL and HDL CH acceptance. In total plasma of IHD patients elevation of both formed TBARS and particularly hydroperoxides was observed. Parallelism between decrease of CH acceptance by HDL, oxidability of HDL and of total plasma testifies on weakness not only of CH-accepting, but also of antioxidant HDL functions in IHD patients.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed2003

[Erythrocyte cholesterol content in polycythemia vera: relation to ischemic heart disease].

Relative cholesterol content and its distribution between erythrocytes and plasma were studied in 34 patients with polycythemia vera (PV) both with and without concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD). Deformability of erythrocytes, disturbances of microcirculation (blood flow fragmentation, decrease of capillary density) were also assessed. Erythrocytes cholesterol/phospholipids molar ratios (0.68+/-0.03) in patients was lower than normal value (0.8) in spite of decreased cell deformability. This was associated with some increase of peroxidation products. Blood cholesterol distribution between cell and plasma species had some peculiarities caused by high hematocrit: compared with normal value erythrocytes of patients carried relatively larger portion of total blood cholesterol (23.7+/-0.8% and 27-31%, respectively). However in CHD patients these values were significantly lower with correspondent increase of plasma cholesterol quota. This allowed to suggest possible protective role of blood cholesterol redistribution in polycythemia patients, through erythrocytes trafficking of some part of plasma cholesterol.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed2000

Comparison of distribution characteristics of phosphatidylcholines and surfactant preparation.

Using the methods of surface balance we compared surface activity of different natural phosphatidylcholines. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, the principal component of natural surfactant, is characterized by less rapid spreading on the air-water interface compared to unsaturated yolk and soybean phosphatidylcholines, while the absolute rate of surface tension reduction was the same for all test lecithines. The surface activity of modified saturated soybean phosphadtidylcholine (Phospholipon) was similar to that of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. The relationship between saturation of fatty acids in the molecule of phosphatidylcholine and the time of spreading on the air-water interface revealed in this study allows to use this parameter together with equilibrium surface tension for evaluation of surface activity when testing synthetic surfactant constituents.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Free and esterified epidermal cholesterol in psoriasis].

The levels of epidermal total, free and esterified cholesterol were studied in psoriatic patients. Lipids were isolated from the areas of psoriatic lesions and from the normally appearing epidermis by the authors' non-invasive surface extractive method. The quantity of cholesterol was given in microgram per square centimeter. Fifty six and 11 healthy persons were examined. The skin cholesterol levels were twice-four-fold higher in the patients than in the healthy subjects. The same levels were noted from the areas of lesion and from normally appearing epidermis. The proportion of an esterified fraction decreased mainly in the normally appearing epidermis areas, especially in severe psoriasis. The role of the findings was also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of cholesterol level in liposomes on the interaction with blood serum lipoproteins].

The effect of the cholesterol content in liposomes on their interaction with blood serum lipoproteins has been studied. It was shown that phosphatidyl choline liposomes without cholesterol did not interact selectively with any class of serum lipoproteins. At the same time, addition of high cholesterol concentrations to liposomes confers to them a new feature, namely the ability to interact selectively with the serum low density lipoproteins. Up to 90% of such lipoproteins can interact with liposomes. This finding was confirmed by "in vivo" data. The observed effect of "address" properties given to liposomes by a native lipid may be of interest in search for new possibilities to use liposomes for selective delivery of drugs.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1993

[The antiatherogenic action of plant oils with added omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids].

Quick model of experimental atherosclerosis--3 weeks of cholesterol feeding and 3 weeks of standard diet for aorta atheromatosis development--was used in rabbits. Then one group of animals was fed 1 month by plant oil of specific composition, with added omega-3 (linolenic) fatty acid, and the other group received the same dose of fish oil. The most intensive decrease of plasma cholesterol and erythrocyte cholesterol/phospholipid ratio was in rabbits, that received the oil with linolenic acid. Triglyceride level decreased gradually in all animal groups in the same degree, and HOL cholesterol did not change. After the end of experiment the aorta damage degree in group, that received plant oil with linolenic acid, was only 10.8%, as compared with 36.2% in control group (without treatment) and 39.3% in rabbits, that received fish oil. The absence of fish oil effect supports the earlier data about rabbits specific sensitivity to this product resulting in possible hepatotoxic effect. The data indicates on the usefulness of rabbit model in fish oil effects investigations, and also on the positive, antiatherogenic effect of plant oil with added linolenic acid.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of cholesterol containing liposomes with blood serum lipoproteins.

The interaction of liposomes containing different amounts of cholesterol with human serum low density lipoproteins was investigated. Efficiency of the interaction depended on the cholesterol content of liposomes and was highest for liposomes with the maximal cholesterol/phospholipid molar ratio. The latter selectively and effectively interacted with low density lipoproteins, with up to 90% of lipoprotein particles interacting with liposomes in serum. Fusion of the particles with liposomes was observed during the interaction.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1992

[Specificity of the effect of polyene phosphatidylcholine depending on the mode of administration and animal species].

The effects of polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) treatment at oral and intravenous administration to rats and rabbits in hypercholesterolemic diet were studied. No aorta damage was observed in either of rat groups. But fatty liver appeared, and it was the greatest in rats, who received cholesterol and PPC. The result may be attributed to adaptive protection of peripheral tissues due to high experiment duration (18 months) in the state of active reverse cholesterol transport (RChT). No antiatherogenic effect was noted in rabbits at PPC administration (170 mg/kg), while its intravenous injection (50 mg/kg) resulted in marked reduction of plasma cholesterol level, elevation of HDL cholesterol and decrease of the extent of aorta damage. The conclusion is drawn on the ppc high antiatherogenic effect predominantly at intravenous administration, and on advisability of its use in cases of RChT deficiencies, as its activator.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

[Antiatherogenic action of corn oil in experimental atherosclerosis].

Therapeutic effect of corn oil was studied in rabbits with alimentary atherosclerosis. Corn oil was administered (2 ml/kg, 30 days) after the completion of cholesterol diet unlike studies, where they were administered simultaneously. Total cholesterol, apoB-lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides decreased more intensively in rabbits fed by corn oil than in control group. No changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. The most pronounced effect was noted in aorta morphological analysis: an aorta damage degree was 4.8% as compared with 52.9% in the control group. The results show that available plant oils with omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), in particular corn oil, may as well as omega-3 PUFA be used as the base for antiatherogenic preparations.

Animals↗