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Biomedical subjects

E M Critchley

Publications and source records attributed to E M Critchley.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Toxoplasma, Toxocara, and epilepsy.

The presence of positive antibody titres to Toxoplasma and Toxocara in an adult epileptic population has been examined in relation to other observations of aetiological importance. With Toxoplasma, and more particularly with Toxocara, a higher incidence of positive antibody titres was recorded than in nonepileptic populations. Comparison with previous studies in childhood epilepsy indicate that the incidence of positive titres increased with age throughout adult life. Despite attention to the age of onset of epilepsy, presumed aetiological factors, and electroencephalographic and clinical observations, no causal relationship between parasitic infection and the aetiology of epilepsy was established.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1981

Speech disorders of Parkinsonism: a review.

Study of the speech disorders of Parkinsonism provides a paradigm of the integration of phonation, articulation and language in the production of speech. The initial defect in the untreated patient is a failure to control respiration for the purpose of speech and there follows a forward progression of articulatory symptoms involving larynx, pharynx, tongue and finally lips. There is evidence that the integration of speech production is organised asymmetrically at thalamic level. Experimental or therapeutic lesions in the region of the inferior medial portion of ventro-lateral thalamus may influence the initiation, respiratory control, rate and prosody of speech. Higher language functions may also be involved in thalamic integration: different forms of anomia are reported with pulvinar and ventrolateral thalamic lesions and transient aphasia may follow stereotaxis. The results of treatment with levodopa indicates that neurotransmitter substances enhance the clarity, volume and persistence of phonation and the latency and smoothness of articulation. The improvement of speech performance is not necessarily in phase with locomotor changes. The dose-related dyskinetic effects of levodopa, which appear to have a physiological basis in observations previously made in post-encephalitic Parkinsonism, not only influence the prosody of speech with near-mutism, hesitancy and dysfluency but may affect work-finding ability and in instances of excitement (erethism) even involve the association of long-term memory with speech. In future, neurologists will need to examine more closely the role of neurotransmitters in speech production and formulation.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Hallucinatory experiences of prelingually profoundly deaf schizophrenics.

The communication difficulties of prelingually profoundly deaf patients render psychiatric diagnosis extremely difficult. A study of 12 prelingually profoundly deaf schizophrenic patients revealed that visual hallucinations occurred in 10, and 10 also had experiences analogous to auditory hallucinations although voices may not have been heard.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Peripheral neuropathy due to perhexilene maleate.

Observations are presented on 3 patients, including one autopsy report, with peripheral neuropathy due to perhexilene maleate (Pexid). Clinically and biochemically perhexilene neuropathy presents features unusual for a drug-induced neuropathy. Patients liable to develop neuropathy can be recognised from clinical criteria or by the use of routine electrophysiological determinations of nerve conduction velocities. At this stage the neuropathy is readily reversible if perhexilene therapy is discontinued. We have sought to examine the problems entailed in the future safety of perhexilene and allied drugs.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Hallucinations.

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Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1976

Diffuse myelitis associated with rubella vaccination.

Two patients who had received live rubella vaccine developed diffuse myelitis shortly afterwards. Neither patient fully recovered her motor function. In one patients the time between vaccination and development of neurological signs was rather too short to indicate definitely a causal relation. Nevertheless, the chronological association is suggestive, and other observations of such an association may strengthen the suspicion that rubella vaccination may occasionally cause severe neurological damage.

Adolescent↗