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Biomedical subjects

E Lehmann

Publications and source records attributed to E Lehmann.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Metabolic response to different forms of physical exercise in type I diabetics and the duration of the glucose lowering effect.

In order to analyse the metabolic effect of exercise nine well-controlled type I diabetics took part in four series of tests: (i) a short exercise with maximal work load, (ii) a 30 min exercise with half maximal work load, (iii) a 3 x 10 min interval exercise and (iv) control without exercise. Exercises were performed on a bicycle ergometer starting at 09.00 h. On the test days, only two thirds of the normal insulin dose was given. Blood glucose, free insulin, glucagon, catecholamines, growth hormone, cortisol, lactate and pyruvate were measured during the exercise and the following 60 min. Glucose profiles were taken until 17.15 h. The short exercise with maximal work load did not affect blood glucose, the half maximal exercise and the interval exercise resulted in a decrease. Short rest phases did not modify the glucose lowering effect nor the overall response of counterregulatory hormones. A snack following exercise resulted in a total compensation of the glucose lowering effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Alternative therapy concept for the treatment of psychosomatic disorders. Controlled double-blind evaluation of fluspirilene versus bromazepam].

Today, Fluspirilene 1.5 mg i.m. (Imap 1,5 mg), is used to treat psychosomatic conditions, anxiety states and psychogenic disorders. The present article reports on clinical studies involving these indications. The efficacy of Fluspirilene 1.5 mg i.m. was demonstrated in patients with functional organic complaints, autonomic emotional symptom complexes, patients with anxiety, patients with functional heart complaints, and patients with functional gynaecological disorders. The results of a controlled study of 1.5 mg Fluspirilene i.m. and 6 mg Bromazepam are discussed. Forty-five patients from a neurologist's practice participated, all of whom had been classified as treatment-requiring patients with neurotic anxiety, on the basis of the physician's diagnosis and psychometric examination. Treatment lasted 42 days. The clinical assessment by the physician revealed that 1.5 mg Fluspirilene i.m. is significantly more effective than Bromazepam. The psychometric findings showed that patients with marked somatic anxiety treated with Fluspirilene showed greater improvement as expressed in a reduction in anxiety, lightening of mood, and increased activity, as compared with Bromazepam.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Differential improvements from haloperidol in two types of schizophrenics.

Two types of schizophrenic patients, 27 with a high and 21 with a low energetic level, were treated for 3 weeks under double blind conditions with 16 (24 patients) or 80 mg (24 patients) haloperidol orally per day. The patients were rated by the ward psychiatrist as markedly or not markedly improved. Evaluation made by odds ratio comparison showed that (1) patients with a high energetic level (plus-type patients) improved with low doses whereas (2) patients with a low energetic level (minus-type patients) improved with high doses of haloperidol.

Haloperidol↗
PubMed1984

Practicable and valid approach to evaluate the efficacy of nootropic drugs by means of rating scales.

Starting with the disputable practice of evaluating the efficacy of nootropic drugs the author has developed a strictly experimental examination approach emphasising the internal validity of experiments. The physician's assessment of the global therapeutic effect is suggested as a variable examination factor which should be treated as an independent variable and a valid instrument for judging the effect when arriving at a statistical conclusion. Differentiated rating scales and measurements are suggested as a basis for this judgment. Proven effects are described in a more differentiated manner by means of this method which helps in discussing the validity of results.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Comparison of the antidepressant action of tryptophan, tryptophan/5-hydroxytryptophan combination and nomifensine.

To check the hypothesis that combined treatment with tryptophan and 5-hydroxytryptophan is superior to the administration of tryptophan on its own we studied three groups of 8 patients. One group received tryptophan, the second a tryptophan/5-hydroxytryptophan combination and the third low-dose nomifensine as a control. The trial was performed in the double-blind mode, under strictly standardized conditions, with behavioural therapy and a structured daily routine. Complex covariance analysis of the Hamilton and AMP ratings revealed a superiority of the combination both over tryptophan on its own and over nomifensine.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Differential drug effects identified by 3-way configural frequency analysis.

48 acute paranoic schizophrenics were treated by high or low dosages of haloperidol and rated for improvement after 3 weeks of treatment. The treatment effect was a differential one in that so-called plus-type schizophrenics improved from low dosages of haloperidol while so-called minus-type schizophrenics improved from high dosages of haloperidol. Testing for differential effects was made by 3-way configural frequency analysis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Effects of high and low dosage of haloperidol on the brain in relation to schizophrenic thought disorder.

The drug difference between a low and a high dosage of haloperidol was investigated in 40 acutely ill schizophrenic patients. All patients were classified as being thought disordered or non-thought disordered schizophrenic using psychometric methods. From the pool of 40 patients two groups were randomly chosen for the double-blind study, one group receiving 80 mg of liquid haloperidol daily, the other group 16 mg of liquid haloperidol daily. On 5 days during the 21-day treatment the psychopathological state of the patient was evaluated by means of the AMDP system.

Hallucinations↗
PubMed1984

Single case experiments in psychopharmacological trials.

Single case experiments have been used to make pharmacotherapeutic decision making more objective. 4 single case experiments are presented. In the case of 3 patients the question was whether flunitrazepam (Rohypnol) should be administered. In the 4th patient the issue was whether self-administration of Limbitrol (amitriptyline + chlordiazepoxide) should be terminated. Planning and analysis of these experiments was carried out by the randomization test.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Penetration of chromate ions in damaged and undamaged skin of sensitized and nonsensitized individuals occupationally exposed to chromates].

The importance of oversensitivity to chromate within the framework of occupational dermatoses is sufficiently well known. Questions still remained unanswered as to which substances and solutions in which form and quantity sensitivity to chromate occurs. Further, it is unclear why one worker reacts allergically and another remains unaffected carrying out the same work. In spite of all attempts it is as a rule still impossible to predict who will be affected. By investigating the penetration of chromate ions, we wanted to draw attention to possible dangers those beginning work are exposed to. We are aware that a complex series of questions exists but that only a small part can be approached at once. It appeared appropriate to determine whether the level of penetration of the metal ions differs between individuals, in particular whether the rate is higher in sensitive than in non-sensitive people. To handle this question a method had to be found to determine metal ions with and without exposure in the skin.

Chromates↗
PubMed1982

Interaction of changes in hospital environment and neurotropic co-medication in chronic psychiatric inpatient. A placebo controlled double-blind study.

Chronic psychiatric patients (N = 42) predominantly diagnosed as schizophrenics, who had been hospitalized for the mean of 9 years were treated in a double-blind study with a neurotropic drug (tamitinol dihydrochloride coated tablets of 300 mg t.i.d.) and placebo. Test drugs were administered concomitantly to the existing drug therapy during two treatment periods of 6 weeks each with an interval of two months free of test medication. In the second treatment period patients moved to a new building. It was expected that neurotropic drug effects can be made clearer after the transfer requiring patient's reorientation in a new environment than before the transfer. Assessment of efficacy was made using observer ratings (Psychic and Somatic Findings of the A.M.P. System, WING Behaviour Rating Scale) and patient's self ratings (Adjective Check List. List of Somatic Symptoms) and clinical laboratory parameters. Results show that neurotropic co-medication reduced the "neurological syndrome" and the "psychoorganic syndrome" (A.M.P. System). An amelioration of the "neurological syndrome" was observed at the end of the first and at the end of the second medication phase (p less than or equal to 0.10) whilst the improvement of the "psychoorganic syndrome" was particularly evident as expected after the transfer to the new building (p less than or equal to 0.001) Patients receiving placebo described themselves as more active than patients receiving the test drug. (Adjective Check List: p less than or equal to 0.10). No subjective or objective side effects (List of somatic symptoms and laboratory parameters) were evident due to the test medication which was tolerated by all patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Drug-response differences of high and standard dosage of fluphenazine-decanoate in relation to schizophrenic symptoms (author's transl)].

The treatment of schizophrenic patients with high-dosed neuroleptics is discussed. The drug-response difference between a low dose and a high dose of Fluphenazine-Decanoate was investigated in 40 chronic schizophrenic patients. All patients were resistant to standard doses of neuroleptics and were therefore treated with higher doses. All patients entering the study were treated for at least three months with high doses of Fluphenazine-Decanoate, i.e. 100 mg or more within three weeks. From this pool of 40 patients two groups were created at random for the doubleblind study: In one group the high dose was continued (average dose 225 mg/in 14 days), in the other group Fluphenazine-Decanoate was reduced to a standard-dose of 25 mg in 14 days. During the 24 weeks of investigation the somatic and psychopathological state of the patient was evaluated by means of the AMP-System. Furthermore the self-rating scale EWL-K was used. After 24 weeks the patients of the high-dosed group were more often rated as unchanged, while the patients in the standard-dosed group were evaluated significantly more often as better or worse. Average condition-differences between the both groups could not be found in a covariance-analysis. A factorial covariance-analysis showed that differences in the initial hostility-syndrome and catatonic-syndrome scores are predictors for a syndrom-relevant differential dosage per group. Patients with low hostility- and low catatonic-syndrome-scores improved after reduction of the doses in the apathic, the halluzinatoric-desintegrative and the neurological syndrome, whereas patients with high initial hostility- and catatonic-syndrome-scores became psychopathologically worse after dosage reduction. Finally the possibilities of generalizing from the results obtained to the relevance of high and standard neuropletic therapy are discussed.

Adult↗