Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Lang

Publications and source records attributed to E Lang.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Use of environmental TLD data at a nuclear power station to estimate detection limits for radiation exposure due to station operation.

The environmental radiation monitoring network maintained by the Georgia Department of Natural Resources at the Hatch Nuclear Plant, Baxley, GA, was used to determine the variability in measured background exposures in order to estimate the detection limits for radiation due to station operation. Data were obtained from LiF thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) exposed in sets of four at 46 locations for 16 consecutive quarters from 1982 to 1985. The average exposure for 695 values was 11.8 microC kg-1 y-1 (mR/quarter). At individual locations, the averages of quarterly exposures ranged from 9.3 to 14.3 microC kg-1 y-1 and had standard deviations from 0.8 to 2.2 microC kg-1 y-1 with a typical standard deviation of 1.5 microC kg-1 y-1. The standard deviation due to reading the TLDs and subtracting the transit plus storage exposure, estimated as 0.4 microC kg-1 y-1, contributed only a small fraction of the uncertainty of the mean background; the greater contribution is from temporal fluctuations. There is a spatial pattern of higher background along the Altamaha River but no distinct seasonal pattern. The observation that exposure values at most locations rose and fell in unison suggested a calculational model that adjusts the average exposure level at a location by an increment determined each quarter at control locations. This model reduced the standard deviation for a predicted quarterly background exposure to 0.9 microC kg-1 y-1, with a range of 0.5 to 1.3 microC kg-1 y-1. If the standard deviation of the net value is multiplied by an error probability constant of 3.3 (type I and II errors not greater than 5%), the detection limits range from 2 to 5 microC kg-1 y-1 at the individual locations, with an average of 3 microC kg-1 y-1. This approach or two similar ones described earlier are recommended for improving the detection limit where needed. The standard deviation, and hence the detection limit, can be further reduced by selecting a subset of indicator and control locations with more closely matched background exposure fluctuations. This was demonstrated with five indicator and five control locations, but further study is needed to determine selection guides.

Cesium Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1987

Cell surface glycoprotein differences between a highly malignant murine tumor line and a plastic-adherent, less malignant variant.

A highly metastatic murine tumor line (ESb) and a plastic-adherent variant derived from it (ESb-M) were compared for expression of cell surface glycoproteins. Previous studies had shown that ESb-M cells were very similar to ESb cells in terms of cell surface marker expression and invasive capacity in vitro, but studies in vivo revealed that they exerted a decreased metastatic capacity. Syngeneic animals inoculated SC with ESb-M cells developed larger primary tumors and survived much longer than animals inoculated similarly with ESb cells. When using the lectin soybean agglutinin (SBA), distinct differences were observed in the glycosylation of a 220 kDa and a 80 kDa cell surface glycoprotein. Further differences in expression of cell membrane proteins were detected by means of variant-specific monoclonal antibodies. These specific ligands reacted with 65-75 kDa membrane glycoproteins, which were more prominent in ESb-M cells than in ESb cells. Apart from these differences, the two cell lines showed very similar profiles of membrane glycoproteins and lectin staining. Whether the structural differences seen in cell surface proteins can explain the changes in functional behavior (metastatic behavior and plastic-adhesive properties) of the cells remains to be investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Internal disease findings in Arndt-Gottron scleromyxedema].

A case of papular mucinosis (scleromyxoedema of Arndt-Gottron) in a 64-year-old man is reported. Although a cutaneous mucinosis, the disease is characterized by a number of systemic disorders which determine the course and prognosis of the disease. A survey of 57 reported cases reveals that, in addition to the obligatory paraproteinaemia, neurological (24% of cases), cardiovascular (10%) and myopathic (9%) symptoms are in the foreground. Systemic lymphoplasmo-reticular involvement occurred in 14%. These findings emphasize the need for interdisciplinary cooperation in the diagnosis and for long-term supervision of patients with this disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

3 alpha, 3 beta and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in the cytoplasmic and microsomal fractions of human liver.

Optimized assay systems for the determination of cytoplasmic and microsomal 3 alpha-, 3 beta-, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSDH) activities in human liver have been developed. Using these methods the activities of cytoplasmic 3 alpha-, 17 beta-, and microsomal 3 alpha- and 3 beta-HSDH were measured in cell fractions prepared from liver biopsies from 17 patients who showed no signs of endocrinologic disturbances. The means and standard deviations (SD) of these four activities (nmol/min/mg protein) were as follows: cytoplasmic 3 alpha-HSDH, 1.03 +/- 0.34; cytoplasmic 17 beta-HSDH, 0.365 +/- 0.129; microsomal 3 alpha-HSDH, 2.07 +/- 1.16; microsomal 3 beta-HSDH, 8.95 +/- 5.20. No dependence on sex or age was detected, but this may have been due to the heterogeneity of the sample material rather than a genuine absence of such correlations.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1986

[Contact eczemas in housewives].

Housewives come into contact with a great number of irritating and allergenic substances on a daily basis. Contact dermatitis of the hands is a common result, caused more frequently by irritation than by allergy. In this review, the sources of contact allergens encountered in domestic work are shown and their relevance to sensitization and elicitation of hand excema is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The multidisciplinary treatment plan: a format for enhancing activity therapy department involvement.

A structured, goal-oriented format for enhancing the involvement of activity therapy disciplines in the multidisciplinary treatment planning process has been developed in a large private psychiatric teaching hospital. The format, an adaptation of the problem-oriented record, encompasses formal procedures for identifying and recording relevant problems, goals, methods, and objectives for activity therapy treatment. The benefits of this approach include the development of specific, measurable, attainable functional goals; increased accountability in treatment planning and delivery; less time spent in documentation; and education of other staff about the role and function of activities therapy. Patients have a better understanding of their goals and the steps needed to achieve them and show increased participation in the therapy process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Respiratory drive in nonsmokers and smokers assessed by passive tilt and mouth occlusion pressure. Response to rebreathing carbon dioxide.

The purpose of the present investigation was to assess respiratory center function in smokers using (1) measurement of mouth occlusion pressure during carbon dioxide rebreathing and (2) noninvasive measurement of breathing pattern during passive upright tilt. The breathing patterns of 20 normal nonsmokers and 20 smokers without major obstruction of the airways were monitored noninvasively with respiratory inductive plethysmography for 15 minutes in the supine position and then after 90 degrees head-up passive tilt to the standing position. In nonsmokers, significant increases from supine to standing positions included the following: (1) minute ventilation from 6.22 +/- 1.47 to 7.32 +/- 1.16 L/min (p less than 0.05); (2) tidal volume from 368 +/- 93 to 462 +/- 108 ml (p less than 0.01); and (3) mean inspiratory flow from 263 +/- 61 to 320 +/- 43 ml/sec (p less than 0.01). Responses of smokers to tilt were variable; 14 showed changes similar to nonsmokers, but six showed no increase of ventilation and respiratory drive upon tilting. The latter also showed blunted response to rebreathing carbon dioxide in the supine position as estimated by plotting mouth occlusion pressures against end-tidal carbon dioxide tension. These data suggest that disturbances of respiratory center control are common in smokers without major obstruction of the airways.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The bioavailability of combination preparations of acetylsalicylic acid and codeine phosphate].

Plasma levels time curves of acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, salicyluric acid and codeine were monitored after intravenous, oral and rectal application (single dose) of preparations containing acetylsalicylic acid and codeine. The mean absolute bioavailability of acetylsalicylic acid was 68% after oral application and 60% after rectal application. The corresponding bioavailability data of codeine were 59% and 63%, respectively.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

[Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck disease). Contribution on its viral origin].

Demonstration of human papilloma virus DNA (HPV-DNA) in the lesions of focal epithelial hyperplasia in an 11-year-old Turkish girl provides further proof of its viral cause. In this case characterization of HPV-DNA showed a reaction with that of type 13 and 18. This previously undescribed variant is probably the expression of a new HPV type.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Shear flow characteristics of sodium hyaluronate. Relationship to performance in anterior segment surgery.

In this study, methods were developed for the in vitro evaluation of the surgical performance characteristics of viscoelastic fluids, such as sodium hyaluronate (Healon). Sodium hyaluronate exhibited superior surgical performance to chondroitin-6-sulfate. The superior performance of sodium hyaluronate resulted in part from its high viscosity, which is 20 times greater than that of chondroitin-6-sulfate at shear rates on the order of 10 s-1. The gel-like character of sodium hyaluronate as evidenced by the creep flow behavior, was greater than that of chondroitin-6-sulfate and was important for maintaining depth in the anterior chamber. It was shown that a threshold of 80 poise for the shear viscosity (at approximately 10 s-1 was needed for useful performance in surgery. It was also shown that 0.42 USP units of hyaluronidase per 1.0 mg sodium hyaluronate produces a 90% decrease in the shear viscosity (at approximately 10 s-1) within approximately 2 1/2 hours. Use of sodium hyaluronate in conjunction with hyaluronidase would allow sodium hyaluronate to remain highly viscous during surgery, but would gradually become less viscous to facilitate aqueous outflow after surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Steady state bioavailability of a new oral formulation of Hydergine in geriatric patients.

The relative bioavailability of the newly developed formulation of co-dergocrine mesylate (Hydergine special, 1 x 4 mg) was determined in elderly patients under steady state conditions, with conventional Hydergine forte tablets (2 x 2 mg) as a reference. Both formulations were given once a day for 8 days in a randomised cross-over design. The areas under the curve showed that the bioavailability of the new tablet was about 30% higher (28 +/- 6.3%) than that of Hydergine forte. Th peak plasma concentration was reached 3 +/- 0.9 h after administration. Because of its greater relative bioavailability higher plasma levels were found 2-24 hours after the Hydergine special formulation than after Hydergine forte tablets.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Project outreach: volunteer transitional employment.

The importance of individual and group volunteer transitional placement as work activity is addressed as a primary component of the hospital-based psychiatric rehabilitation process. The current model synthesizes traditional volunteerism and transitional employment as a viable rehabilitation step to facilitate vocational awareness, vocational choice, or re-entry into the work world. The model has further application for vocational counseling and exploration, goal development, and rehabilitation planning. Aspects of program development, implementation, and maintenance are presented. Discussion of community resource development and public relations strategies which have helped this project expand and improve are included. Client contribution and involvement is emphasized.

Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of pirprofen and indomethacin on the effects of oxprenolol and furosemide].

The present study reports on the interaction between the non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents pirprofen (Rengasil) and indomethacin with the antihypertensive effects of oxprenolol and the natriuretic effects of furosemide. Pirprofen did not attenuate the antihypertensive action of oxprenolol nor did it reduce the natriuretic activity of furosemide. When indomethacin was given to the same patients an attenuation of oxprenolol's antihypertensive action was observed in four out of seven patients. Furosemide's effects were not affected. It is suggested that there are responders and non-responders to that drug interaction which is also supported by previously published work. During this study clinical-chemical and hematological parameters were also monitored. There were no changes caused by pirprofen indicating the safety of this new compound. For clinical purposes these data suggest that pirprofen--in contrast to indomethacin--can be safely coadministered with beta-blockers and probably other antihypertensive agents.

Adult↗