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Biomedical subjects

E Krause

Publications and source records attributed to E Krause.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Prediction of the response to basic treatment in rheumatoid polyarthritis. Retrospective study apropos of 140 patients].

In order to isolate prognostic factors of the response to basic treatment in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the authors are comparing, within the scope of a retrospective study of 140 patients, the initial clinical, biological and radiological characteristics of two populations of 70 "responding" and "non responding" patients at the end of a mean course of 48.8 months. As there are significantly more males in the "responding" group, two different statistical studies are conducted for male and female patients. The first stage of the analysis enables to select a certain number of average variables or of very different distribution between "responding" and "non responding". The second stage enables, with the help of these variables, to conduct an analysis of the main components: a satisfactory discrimination between "responding and non responding" may thus be obtained for male patients; this is not confirmed for female patients, probably because this population is heterogeneous. The last stage consists in a discriminating, step-by-step ascending analysis conducted on the male population; a discriminating function is then established, permitting to differentiate correctly 82 p. cent of the patients between "responding" and "non responding". Finally, a prognostic index, easier to use, is also established, using five discriminating variables for male patients, permitting to differentiate correctly 87 p. cent of the patients.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1987

Disassembly and domain structure of the proteins in the signal-recognition particle.

The signal-recognition particle (SRP) is a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex consisting of six different polypeptide chains and a 7SL RNA. It participates in initiating the translocation of proteins across the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. SRP was disassembled in 2 M KCl into three components, one RNP composed of 7SL RNA and the 54-kDa and 19-kDa proteins, and two heterodimers consisting of the 72/68-kDa and the 14/9-kDa proteins respectively. The 54-kDa protein could be released from the RNP subparticle by chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose in Mg2+-depleted buffer, while the 19-kDa protein remained bound to the 7SL RNA. The domain structure of SRP proteins was probed by using mild elastase treatment and protein-specific antibodies. It was found that the 72, 68, 54 and 19-kDa SRP proteins were proteolytically processed in distinct steps. Most remarkably a protein fragment of 55-kDa, generated from the 72-kDa SRP protein, and a 35-kDa fragment from the 54-kDa SRP protein were both released from the RNP particle. Fragments generated from the 68-kDa protein and detectable with the anti-(68-kDa protein) antibody remained associated with the RNP particle. Cleavage of the SRP proteins by elastase at 2.5 micrograms/ml resulted in partial loss of activity, while 10 micrograms/ml caused complete inactivation of the particle. Neither the elongation arrest of IgG light chain nor its translocation across SRP-depleted microsomal membranes was promoted. The implications of these results on the possible interaction between the SRP subunits are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Mortality trends in cases of elective and emergency aorto-coronary bypass after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Between October 1977 and March 1986 82 emergency and 113 elective revascularizations (aorta-coronary bypass = ACB) were performed after complicated or unsuccessful PTCA (n = 1633). Mortality in emergency ACB was 10.9%, in elective surgery 1.2%. If permanent transmural ischemia after complicated PTCA is present, mortality was high (12.6%) and postoperative infarction rate 70%. In intermittent ischemia mortality was 5.1% and total recovery of the myocardium was 94%. Mortality in emergency ACB after PTCA was directly related to the number of diseased vessels. In single vessel disease mortality was 3.5%, in multiple vessels disease 28%.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Value of synovectomy under arthroscopy in the treatment of persistent synovitis in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases].

Twelve patients suffering from an inflammatory rheumatic disorder with chronic synovitis of the knee joint were treated by synovectomy using a pneumatic chondrotome under arthroscopic control in combination with abundant articular lavage. All patients had been treated with one or several chemical or radioisotopic synovial instillations followed by failure of treatment or a rapid recurrence of synovitis. Eight patients had a rapid and good or very good therapeutic result with regression of synovitis and of pain during the first month after the synovectomy. This result appears to be maintained more than one year later in the case of the first patients treated. Four patients had a manifest but incomplete improvement. Postoperative follow-up was unremarkable, hospitalization period was short, and no physical rehabilitation was necessary. However, one patient developed stiffness of the knee joint which required its movement under general anesthesia. Arthroscopy with synovectomy and articular lavage appear to offer an interesting therapeutic resolution in case of chronic synovitis unresponsive to medical measures, both locally and systemically administered. Short-term results appear better than those obtained with conventional surgical synovectomy and postoperative follow-up is much simpler.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Vesicle population of synapses in the hippocampus of the rat following early postnatal deprivation and administration of pyridostigmine].

Newborn male Wistar rats were subjected to early postnatal social and nutritional deprivation by separation of the pups from their mother animals from Day 3 to Day 14 for 16 hours daily. One group of the deprived animals was treated by daily injections of pyridostigmine (1 microgram/0.05 ml saline from Day 1 to Day 4, 5 micrograms/0.05 ml saline from Day 5 to Day 14). At the age of 14 days or 6 months, 5 deprived, 5 deprived and pyridostigmine treated rats and 5 controls were investigated. In the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA 1-region the vesicle population of axospinodendritic synapses was examined for quantitative ultrastructural changes using electron microscopic and morphometric methods. The vesicle density (number of vesicles/micron 2 terminal area) was determined in the whole presynaptic terminal as well as in distinct zones in the presynaptic terminal. 14 days of deprivation did not change the vesicle density in the whole presynaptic terminal, but did change the distribution of the vesicles. In 14 days old deprived rats the vesicle density was found to be decreased by about 10% in the presynaptic area bordering the synaptic contact zone (area 1), and it was increased by about 7% in the more distant area of the presynaptic terminal (area 2). Deprivation and simultaneous pyridostigmine treatment resulted in an elevated vesicle density in the whole presynaptic terminal by about 25%, in area 1 by about 8%, and in area 2 by about 30%. At the age of 6 months, the early postnatally deprived rats showed an increase in the vesicle density by about 8% in all areas of the presynaptic terminal when compared with the controls. Simultaneous pyridostigmine treatment led to a reduced vesicle density in the whole presynaptic terminal by about 5%, in area 1 by about 9%, and in area 2 by about 4%. The findings obtained following deprivation are interpreted as being the expression of an insufficient requirement of synaptic mechanisms caused by a lack of sensoric inputs during the early postnatal period. The results obtained in the neonatally pyridostigmine treated rats suggest permanent changes in the neurotransmitter metabolism following treatment with the psychotrophic drug. This may reflect a mechanism to compensate the effect of deprivation by neonatal pyridostigmine administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Translation efficiency of zein mRNA is reduced by hybrid formation between the 5'- and 3'-untranslated region.

The secondary structure of zein mRNA affects its translation potential. Here we show that in a cell-free system the translation efficiency of zein mRNA containing inverted repeats in the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions is reduced. This translational block is released after deletion of the 3'-inverted repeat. We conclude that the translational block is caused by hybrid formation between the two inverted repeats. The translational efficiency of zein mRNAs, is also affected by varying the length or the primary structure of the 5'-untranslated region.

3' Untranslated Regions↗
PubMed1985

[Circadian rhythm of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid in the urine].

The excretion of the catecholamine-metabolites 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid shows circadian variation. In applying the cosinoranalysis, we tested the normal process of the variation over 3 d and found partly significant circadian rhythms of the excretions with the maxima occurring in the second part of the day to the evening hours and the minima occurring at night. By prescribing the course of the day (fixed time of food intake as well as of sleeping) effects of synchronisation could be found from d 1 to 3. The possible importance of these circadian oscillations for an early or differential diagnosis and the question of the reduction and optimization of the time necessary for collecting urine are discussed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Hemodynamic equivalence of automated nitroglycerin- and nitroprusside-infusions combined with dobutamine for augmentation of cardiac output in patients following aorta coronary bypass-operation.

In low-output cardiac failure with hypertension developing early after aortocoronary surgery, the currently preferred vasodilators nitroglycerin and nitroprusside proved to be equally successful and safe for the closed-loop control of mean arterial pressure. With NP- and NTG-induced MAP reduction to the present level of 80 mm Hg cardiac index increased similarly from 2.0 +/- 0.35 to 2.4 +/- 0.3 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.05) and from 1.9 +/- 0.29 to 2.2 +/- 0.26 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.05), respectively. Once adequate blood pressure fall was obtained, the addition of dobutamine at 6 micrograms/kg/min resulted under maintenance doses of NP and NTG averaging 1.6 +/- 0.4 and 4.6 +/- 1.8 micrograms/kg/min, respectively. A further improvement of cardiac performance manifested itself by cardiac index rise to 3.4 +/- 0.4 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.005) and 3.3 +/- 0.3 l/min/m2 (p less than 0.001), respectively. The NP-Db and NTG-Db regimens induced comparable reductions of rate - pressure-products reflecting a decrease of myocardial oxygen demands and facilitation of myocardial work.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The organization of the 7SL RNA in the signal recognition particle.

Digestion of the signal recognition particle (SRP) of dog pancreas with micrococcal nuclease results in the stepwise cleavage of the 300 nucleotide 7SL RNA moiety producing five major fragments approximately 220 (1), 150 (2), 72 (3), 62 (4) and 45 (5) nucleotides long. The RNA molecule is initially cut once yielding fragments 1 and 3. Further degradation releases fragments 2, 4 and 5. The introduction of the first nick into the 7SL RNA does not alter the structure nor the function of the SRP. Further degradation of the RNA results in disruption and loss of activity of the particle. The sequence of the RNA fragments shows that the nuclease causes discrete cuts in the RNA with minimal nibbling indicating that only few sites are accessible to the action of the enzyme. The five major products of nuclease digestion together span almost the entire length of the 7SL RNA. Nicking occurs mainly around the boundary region between the central S sequence and the flanking Alu sequences constituting the 7SL RNA (1). The S fragment is bound to the four largest polypeptides while the 5' and 3' Alu fragments are associated with the two smallest protein constituents of the SRP.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Renal excretion of vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid in rats with paw edema or adjuvant arthritis.

1. Urinary excretion of unconjugated vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) was found to be decreased in adjuvant arthritic rats. The decrease is apparently not due to impaired animal activity, but it could be explained by the reduction of catecholamine biosynthesis and/or release induced by E prostaglandins the biosynthesis of which is increased in the inflammation. It could also be caused by an increased "consumption" of catecholamines during prostaglandin biosynthesis. 2. Both the reduction of biosynthesis or release and an increased "consumption" of catecholamines would mean that inflammation is characterized by deficiency of the anti-inflammatory catecholamines. 3. The investigations failed to demonstrate an adequate decrease of the urinary excretion of VMA and HVA in rats with edemas induced by carrageenin, serotonin, formaline, silver nitrate, kaolin, dextran and baker's yeast, respectively. The experiments should be repeated with other catecholamine metabolites.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[The neuroleptic efficiency of some butyrophenone and fluorinated phenothiazine derivatives (author's transl)].

The action of butaperazine was diminished and simultaneously prolonged by fluorination in the position 3 or 7 as evidenced by a number of tests (prolongation of the resting time, catalepsy, apomorphine and dexphenmetrazine antagonism, conditioned escape reflex, aggressivity, algesimetry) on the rat and the mouse. The same seems to apply, in principle, to promazine and prochlorperazine. In contrast, the action of 7-fluorperphenazine and its esters with adamantanic acid and decanoic acid was markedly increased, but not prolonged, as demonstrated by a test (conditioned escape reflex) on the rat. The potency of fluphenazine is reached, but not its duration of action. This finding still needs confirmation by other tests. The duration of action of the butyrylphenazine esters was scarcely longer than that of butyrylphenazine. Considerable irritation has been seen at the site of injection. The esters of long-chained fatty acids and fluperidol and trifluperidol seem to be more potent than the parent substances. There is obviously no prolongation of the duration of action. The activity of the haloperidol oxime ethers (and probably of the esters, too) is weak as compared to that of haloperidol. The duration of action is not prolonged.

Animals↗