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Biomedical subjects

E Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to E Kiss.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Neomorph and leaf differentiation as alternative morphogenetic pathways in soybean tissue culture.

Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis were induced on immature cotyledons of different soybean cultivars. The anatomical investigation of morphogenesis proved neomorph differentiation instead of somatic embryos, and leaf formation instead of shoot development. While normal embryos were induced in 0-3.1% of the explants, neomorphs developed at a much higher rate i.e. in 10.5-78.9% depending on the genotype. Likewise organogenesis preferably followed the pathway of leaflet development (3.1-26.3%) than that of shoot tip formation (0-2.6%). Low plant regeneration frequency of soybean can partly be explained with these two alternative abortive pathways of morphogenesis probably induced with higher frequency than the normal pathways by the generally used in vitro methods.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1990

DR2-positive monozygotic twins discordant for narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy runs in families, and recent research has revealed the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR2 to be a genetic marker closely associated with the disease. But, as indicated by family studies, other factors contribute to the pathogenesis of narcolepsy. The investigation of monozygotic twins is the most specific research tool for distinguishing between a multigenetic and a multifactorial pathogenetic model. We present clinical and sleep polygraphic data from two pairs of monozygotic twins, and in addition, from some of their first-degree relatives. In both pairs only one twin suffered from the clinical symptoms of narcolepsy/cataplexy. Only in these subjects did night sleep recordings and a multiple sleep latency test reveal both multiple sleep onset rapid-eye-movement periods (SOREMPs) and short mean sleep onset latencies. However, in two of the asymptomatic, HLA DR2+ relatives, short mean sleep onset latencies during the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) were observed, and one, HLA DR2- relative showed REM sleep two times during the MSLT. Our results strongly favor a multifactorial pathogenetic model for narcolepsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Autonomic neuropathy in chronic liver diseases].

Autonomic neuropathy has been evaluated by various cardiovascular bedside tests in 99 patients with chronic alcoholism (33 alcoholics without liver disease, 33 patients with fatty liver and 33 with cirrhosis), in 10 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, in 12 patients with cirrhosis of other origin, and in 40 healthy controls. Parasympathetic integrity was evaluated by beat-to-beat variation during deep breathing (6 min), Valsalva manouver and standing up, sympathetic function by blood pressure response to standing up and to sustained handgrip test. Autonomic reflex damage was found in all groups examined. Patients with alcoholic cirrhosis exhibited the most severe alterations. Our results suggest, that chronic hepatopathy itself presents a pathogenetic factor of autonomic neuropathy. Autonomic failure has to be considered as a possible cause of symptoms in liver diseases with all its prognostic consequences.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Adjuvant effect of cavinton in the treatment of climacteric symptoms.

A comparative study has been performed in 40 climacteric, postmenopausal women. In the course of the examinations the results of two therapeutic methods were compared: hormone substitution therapy and combined hormone substitution and Cavinton adjuvant therapy. The improvement in the climacteric symptoms was measured by Kupperman's index and the results were statistically analysed. According to the results Cavinton significantly improves the changes in the symptoms to be obtained with oestrogen substitution. On the basis of the observations the author recommends the combination therapy. Cavinton did not cause side-effects which would have influenced the long-term use of the drug.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experience with the regeneration and repeated use of dialyzers (1977-1987)].

During ten years 59616 haemodialyses were performed with 18139 capillary dialysers on 226 patients being in the final stage of chronic renal insufficiency. With the semi-automatic technique applied blood can be eliminated from the dialyser in 15-20 minutes. Formalin used for desinfection is washed out of the apparatus such a way, that formalin content of the last washing solution ranges between 0-0.1 microgram/ml. Anti-N antibody indicating the presence of formalin could be detected in the serum of 2 patients out of the 120 cases tested. The same dialyser is used repeatedly on one patient, 3.29-times on the average. The regenerated dialyser eliminates compounds of small-and middle molecular weight with the same efficiency up to the 4th repeated use. Ratio of pyrogenic reactions is low, 0.08%. Neither infection or sepsis associated with the regeneration occurred. Rehabilitation degree as well as the survival time of patient corresponded with the average European standard. Because of the "first use syndrome" (allergic symptoms, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, headache, cramps etc.) with 5 patients haemodialysis could be performed only with regenerated dialysers dialyses. From the considerable sums saved by regeneration process 7 satellite dialysing units were established and equipped.

Dialysis Solutions↗
PubMed1989

[Management of vomiting induced by polychemotherapy in Hodgkin's disease].

Sixty patients with Hodgkin's disease were treated with a polychemotherapy regimen including very emetic dacarbazine and adriamycin in addition to bleomycin and vincristine on 622 treatment days during the last 10 years. Nausea in 97% and severe vomiting in 91% were observed during the treatment causing considerable distress to patients which led to patient noncompliance in 26.6%. Among the used antiemetic agents haloperidol was less active than high-dose metoclopramide alone or with high-dose methylprednisolone which were extremely effective. The control and prevention of drug-induced emesis is a major problem for cancer patients and their oncologists. The present situation and the home tasks are also discussed on the basis of literature and their observations.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1989

Organ-specific and ploidy-dependent somaclonal variation; a new tool in breeding.

The organ-specific somaclonal variation means the differences between the variability of somaclones originated from different somatic tissue of plant. Significant differences in some agronomical characters were achieved among somaclones of seed and plumule meristem origin. The ploidy-dependent somaclonal variation means the differences between the variability of somaclones originated from different ploidy-level tissue. Increased variation among regenerated plants was postulated by origin from cultured cells of reduced ploidy level. The comparison of somaclonal variation in the progenies of diploid plants regenerated from callus of haploid and diploid origin supported the ploidy dependent theory. The pollenhaploid somaclone method (PHS-method) was developed and tested for utilization somaclonal variation in rice breeding. The PHS-method comprises the two well-known and widely applied in vitro methods which are the androgenesis (another culture) and genetic instability of cultured haploid somatic cells (callus cultures). Developmental varieties produced by this breeding sheme are under certification in Hungary.

Genetic Variation↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of formaldehyde in various chemical products for household use and in shampoos and bath liquids].

In the years 1987-1988 in cooperation with 34 Province Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations 938 samples of shampoos and bathing fluids were investigated, among them 40 imported shampoos, besides that 829 samples of chemical products for household use were analysed for the presence of formaldehyde. In the products which should not contain formaldehyde this compound was found in amounts from 0 to 50 mg/kg in 84.75% of shampoos and bathing fluids (77.18% of the samples contained no formaldehyde), 87.03% of fluids for washing of vessels, rinsing and softening of fabrics, and for washing or refrigerators (in 75.13% of these products formaldehyde was not found). The authors suggest that the permissible formaldehyde level for these products should be 50 mg/kg and should be accepted as contamination. In these products in which the permitted formaldehyde level was 0.1% already 99.12% of the samples was below that value.

Baths↗
PubMed1989

Effect of lithium on chemiluminescence of polymorphonuclear granulocytes and mononuclear cells of peripheral blood.

Influence of lithium on luminol amplified chemiluminescence activity of leucocytes of human peripheral blood was studied by a continuously recorded system. Lithium had a biphasic effect on mitogen-induced early activation of mononuclear cells, i.e. at concentration of 1.0 mM an increase, at higher concentrations a significant inhibition in photon emission was observed. Activating the mononuclear cells by opsonized Zymosan in the presence of lithium a dose-dependent decrease of chemiluminescence was registered. The respiratory burst of polymorphonuclear granulocytes induced by either mitogen or opsonized Zymosan was significantly inhibited at 2.0 and 5.0 mM of lithium, respectively. Chemiluminescence activity of peroxidase-dependent and independent cell-free system was not influenced by lithium. It was concluded that lithium by accumulating into target organs might have an immunosuppressive and antiphlogistic effect by mean of inhibition of antigen-presenting cells and polymorphonuclear granulocytes.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1988

Time-dependent effect of cyclosporin-A on the TSH-receptor antibody synthesis in patients with Graves' disease.

Two patients with hyperthyroidism and Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with cyclosporin A (CyA), in addition to methimazole, after failure of steroid therapy. Eye disease showed favorable responses and TSH receptor antibody concentration showed precipitous decline in concentrations compared to a gradual linear decline in antibody concentrations observed in 10 patients not treated with CyA. These results prompted us to investigate the in vitro influence of CyA on the synthesis of TSH receptor antibody by a patient's lymphocytes (with highest antibody concentration) in response to thyroid membrane antigen. CyA caused a dose-dependent reduction of TSH receptor antibody synthesis compared to control cultures. The effect of CyA was more marked when added to lymphocyte culture at the same time rather than 24 h after addition of antigen, consistent with CyA's interference of early T cell triggering by antigen. This study emphasizes the importance of helper T cells in synthesis of TSH-receptor antibody by cells and suggests that the drug may be therapeutically beneficial in severe Graves' ophthalmopathy and/or Graves' hyperthyroidism resistant to conventional treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A method for the amplification of chemically induced transformation in C3H/10T1/2 clone 8 cells: its use as a potential screening assay.

A method has been developed by which to amplify expression of phenotypic transformation of C3H/10T1/2 clone 8 mouse embryo cells not otherwise observed in the standard transformation assay. The expression of transformed foci was amplified by subcultivating chemically treated target cells after they had reached confluence and replating them at subconfluent cell densities. Conditions leading to the expression of the highest numbers of transformed foci include a) a cell seeding density for chemical treatment of 1 X 10(4) cells/dish, b) subculture 4 weeks after treatment, and c) replating cells at a density of 2 X 10(5) cells/-dish. Agents capable of inducing transformation in the standard assay (e.g., 4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone, benzo[a]pyrene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, and others) also yielded transformation in the replating assay. The more marginal transforming activities of chemicals such as ethyl methanesulfonate, 7-(bromomethyl)-12-methylbenz[a]anthracene, and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were enhanced by the amplification procedure. Compounds that failed to elicit focal transformation in the standard assay (e.g., dibenz[a,h]anthracene, Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, lead acetate, benzidine, propyleneimine, N-hydroxy-2-fluorenylacetamide, and numerous other compounds of various chemical classes) induced significant levels of phenotypic transformation upon amplification. Noncarcinogens (e.g., phenanthrene, anthracene, 2-aminobiphenyl, cycloheximide, and others) failed to cause significant phenotypic transformation even when cells were replated. To further enhance the applicability of this new replating system, an exogenous source of metabolic activation was added: a 9,000 X g supernatant from Aroclor 1254-induced rat hepatic S-9. This activation system was found a) to be only minimally cytotoxic by itself and b) to be able to mediate NADPH-dependent, dose-dependent toxicity, and transformation by activating the procarcinogens dimethylnitrosamine, 2-naphthylamine, 2-aminoanthracene, and aflatoxin B1. With the use of this revised assay, 14 coded and 23 model compounds were tested. Agreement with in vivo results was observed to be over 85%. The marked sensitivity and discriminatory ability of this revised assay procedure suggest its usefulness as a screen for potential carcinogens of diverse chemical structure.

2-Naphthylamine↗
PubMed1987

Atropine is an inhibitor of the chemiluminescence induced by platelet-activating factor in human neutrophils.

Chemiluminescence provoked by platelet-activating factor can be dose-dependently inhibited by atropine. This effect of atropine is rather due to its ion channel blocking capability (at the higher doses than 10(-5) M) than to its action on the acethylcholine receptors. The differences in the roles of platelet-activating factor and acethylcholine in the activation of phagocytes are discussed.

Atropine↗