Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Kessler

Publications and source records attributed to E Kessler.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The carboxyl fragment released by bacterial collagenase from human type I procollagen: antibodies to the propeptide determinants.

A protocol is offered for the isolation of the carboxyterminal propeptides of human type I procollagen and the development of an antibody specific for these propeptides. Type I procollagen was harvested from the media of cultured human fibroblasts. Digestion with bacterial collagenase released a carboxyterminal fragment that was isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. The fragment contained telopeptides joined to propeptides and could be cleaved by a carboxyl procollagen peptidase. Rabbit antibodies raised to the collagenase-generated fragment were sequentially adsorbed on affinity columns of the reference antigen and human type I collagen. The antibody obtained was shown by sensitive radioimmunoassays to recognize conformational carboxyl propeptide determinants and not to react with triple helical and telopeptide determinants of human type I collagen. Indirect immunofluorescence and indirect immunoperoxidase staining of cultured fibroblasts localized the antigen in the cytoplasm, at the cell surface, and in the extracellular matrix. A radioimmunoassay with the same antibody has reported altered concentrations of the antigen in the sera of patients with diseases affecting collagen metabolism (Taubman, et al., 1976; Savolainen et al., 1984; Carey et al., 1985).

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Severe alterations of red blood cells from the vessels of colorectal tumors.

The RBCs from vessels supplying the tumors of 14 patients with colorectal carcinoma were examined with the scanning electron microscope. In all of them a great variety of alterations in the shape and the cell membrane were found. Erythrocytes from the vessels of healthy colonic tissue of the patients were found to have a normal appearance. Since fibrin thrombi were present in a few vessels of only six patients, the possibility that the alterations were due to mechanical trauma was not likely. This observation may serve as an additional explanation for the anemia observed in patients with colorectal carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Diagnostic use of the immunoperoxidase technique for cutaneous plasma cell lesions.

Distinguishing cutaneous neoplastic plasma cell infiltrations from inflammatory reactions containing predominantly plasma cells can present diagnostic problems when conventional histological techniques are used. Eight cases of cutaneous lesions, composed almost exclusively of plasma cells, are presented. We discuss the use of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique to distinguish malignant plasma cells that produce only one type of immunoglobulin from benign lesions that are polyclonal and produce several immunoglobulins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The effect of 2-mercaptoacetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine, a specific inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase, on experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in rabbit eyes.

The compound 2-mercaptoacetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine (HS-Ac-Phe-Leu) is a potent and specific inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase, effectively inhibiting the elastase activity both, in vitro and within the rabbit cornea. This inhibitor was therefore evaluated as an adjunct to antibiotics (gentamicin) treatment in experimentally induced Pseudomonas keratitis in rabbits. Twenty eight hours after infection, the eyes that received both, gentamicin and HS-Ac-Phe-Leu showed significantly less corneal melting than those treated with the antibiotics alone, demonstrating the beneficial effect of the inhibitor. Forty eight hours after infection, the difference in clinical appearance between the two treatment groups diminished and was statistically insignificant. No adverse effects were noted in the eyes that received the inhibitor in spite of its frequent application. The protective effect of HS-Ac-Phe-Leu, seen on the first day of the experiment suggests further exploration of the therapeutic potential of this or other, similarly structured, specific and potent inhibitors of Pseudomonas elastase.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Inhibition by phosphoramidon of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase injected intracorneally in rabbit eyes.

Phosphoramidon (N-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyloxyhydroxyphosphinyl)-L-leucyl-L-trypto phan) is a powerful inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase. The addition of this compound to an elastase solution injected intrastromally in rabbit eyes protected the corneas from the damage of the enzyme for a period of 12 hours. Phosphoramidon is comparable in this respect to the inhibitor 2-mercaptoacetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine, but is considerably more effective than its analog phosphoryl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (P-Leu-Phe). It is suggested that the rhamnopyranosyl moiety, present in phosphoramidon but not in P-Leu-Phe, is responsible for the difference in the intracorneal activity of the two phosphoramidates. Phosphoramidon as well as the mercaptoacetyl derivative might prove beneficial in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Laryngeal carcinoma in childhood. Report of a case and review of the literature.

A rare case of an 81/2 year old boy with a stage III well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, which responded to chemotherapy and irradiation, is reported. It is the 56th case in children up to 15 years of age and 20th case in children 10 years old or younger reported since 1868. Carcinoma of the larynx in children has similar clinicopathological features to those of adult laryngeal carcinoma, but markedly differs as concerning sex incidence ratio. The main differential diagnosis is juvenile papillomatosis and the principal risk factor is previous cervical irradiation. Delayed diagnosis is frequent since clinical manifestations might be attributed to the normal laryngeal maturation process or to a common respiratory infection. Treatment is problematic, for special effort must be made to preserve laryngeal anatomy and function and to avoid complications. Prognosis of childhood laryngeal cancer is unclear since the reported survival rates are not tumor stage related.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1984

[Longtime care of spina bifida patients. Therapy and prognosis in the last 20 years].

206 patients with spina bifida were followed up during the last 20 years; they were examined from the pediatric, neurosurgical, urological and orthopedic point of view. Evaluation of the intellectual development was also performed. Most of the 92 children of the first group were born after Lorber in 1971 proposed a selective policy of treatment of newborn infants, 144 (group 2) prior to this time. Shunting devices to alleviate hydrocephalus were necessary in two thirds of all patients. The incidence of shunt obstruction most commonly of the ventricular end was very high during the first two years of age but decreased sharply thereafter. Radiological screening disclosed pathological changes of the upper urinary tract in more than one fourth of all children, especially in girls. In the older group 28% of the patients over 5 years of age were mainly bound to a wheelchair, as opposed to 14% in the younger group. Epileptic seizures occurred in 27 cases. Children with thorakolumbar lesions proved to have a poorer intellectual development than those with lumbosacral lesions. Low IQs (less than 90) were also evaluated in every second patient with a shunt dependent hydrocephalus. Since the adoption of selective treatment the percentage of patients with severe handicap has decreased significantly.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Long-term results of jejunoileal bypass in the young.

Between 1970 and 1975, 16 adolescent patients with a mean age of 17.8 years underwent jejunoileal bypass for exogenous morbid obesity. Their mean preoperative weight was 273.8 lbs. The total weight loss averaged 48 kg per patient. An extended evaluation process was instituted to determine the effectiveness of this procedure. Six of these parameters were the ponderal index (PI), body mass index, Broca's index, the per cent of ideal weight, complications, and diarrhea as a separate complication. A new formula was introduced to interpret weight loss as the percentage of excess pounds lost (PEPL). Three required reestablishment of normal intestinal continuity. There were no deaths in the group. Fifty and 69 per cent experienced excellent weight loss and postoperative PI respectively; excellent results were obtained in 27.5 per cent in both categories. In contrast, 50 per cent had a weight loss less than 100 lbs and 19 per cent a poor PI postoperatively; 13 per cent experienced poor results by both criteria. Linear growth in all patients continued along a normal curve, and their heights were above the mean.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Correlation of virulence and collagenolytic activity in Entamoeba histolytica.

The levels of collagenolytic activity of strains HM-1:1 MSS (HM-1), (HM-1), 200-NIH, and HK-9 of Entamoeba histolytica were compared. Collagen degradation was evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Conditioned media as well as extracts of the highly virulent strain HM-1 effectively degraded native type I collagen. Significantly lower activity was found in the analogous fractions of strains 200-NIH and HK-9, which are not as virulent. The collagenolytic activity of strain HM-1 was associated with the isolated plasma membrane fraction and could be eluted from the membranes by buffers of high ionic strength, indicating that it is not an integral membrane protein. Unlike the vertebrate and the clostridial collagenases, the collagenolytic activity of E. histolytica HM-1 was enhanced in presence of dithiothreitol and was inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide. The correlation between virulence of the individual strains and their collagenolytic activity suggests that collagenase might play a role in pathogenesis of amoebiasis. The localization of the enzyme on the plasma membrane and its presence in the extracellular medium favor this view.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Specific inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa elastase injected intracorneally in rabbit eyes.

The compounds benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucyl-hydroxamate (Z-Leu-NHOH), phosphoryl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (P-Leu-Phe) and 2-mercaptoacetyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucine (HSAc-Phe-Leu) strongly inhibit the activity of Pseudomonas elastase in vitro. The capacity of these inhibitors to prevent corneal melting and perforation due to the elastase was examined in rabbit eyes by intrastromal injections of elastase solutions containing the various inhibitors. HSAc-Phe-Leu was substantially more effective than the other two inhibitors. It completely prevented corneal perforation, markedly delayed the appearance of melting and kept the degree of melting at a minimum. Subconjunctival injections of HSAc-Phe-Leu given prior to enzyme administration delayed but did not prevent corneal melting or perforation, whereas frequent topical application with drops of this inhibitor completely prevented corneal melting. It is suggested that HSAc-Phe-Leu or similarly structured inhibitors of the elastase might be helpful in the management of corneal infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

Multicentric giant lymph node hyperplasia clinically simulating angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Associated Kaposi's sarcoma in two of three cases.

We report on three patients whose clinical presentation and laboratory findings were similar to those of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD). The pathology findings in the lymph nodes were characterized by enlarged lymph follicles, a massive plasma cell infiltration, and marked vascularization. These morphological features were similar to those of giant lymph node hyperplasia, plasma cell type. In two of the patients, there was an associated Kaposi's sarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Hepatic lesions in patients on anabolic androgenic therapy.

The histopathological changes in the livers of 11 patients treated with alkylated and nonalkylated anabolic androgenic steroids are presented. The histological changes in the liver included: proliferation of the bile ducts with or without cystic dilatation (9/11), peliosis (8/11), atypical hyperplasia of liver cells (2/11), and tumors (3/11). The latter included one case of cholangiocarcinoma, one of hepatocellular carcinoma, and one of combined cholangiocellular and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathological changes in the liver in this series suggest a possible relationship between anabolic androgenic steroids and bile duct proliferation and/or cholangiocarcinoma.

Aged↗