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Biomedical subjects

E Kemp

Publications and source records attributed to E Kemp.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Diabetic nephropathy. Clinical observations and prognosis.

38 diabetic patients in dialysis or after renal transplantation have retrospectively been studied to see if some of the clinical observations could be of prognostic value. The results show that cardial ectasia is correlated to a significant higher mortality, whereas the degree of diabetic retinopathy and the duration of diabetes both seem to be without prognostic importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diabetic nephropathy. Experiences through seven years. Survival curves and causes of death.

A 7-year material is presented comprising 38 diabetic nephropathy patients who were treated by dialysis and transplantation. The cumulative patient survival rate after one year is 39%. The survival rate of the transplanted diabetic patient is poorer than that of the transplanted non-diabetic patient. However, no difference is to be found between the graft survival rates of the two patient groups. Forty-seven percent of the patients died from cardiovascular causes and 43% from infectious complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Cancer as a late-onset complication of kidney transplantation.

A Scandinavian material of 2,683 transplanted patients, 59 of whom were diagnosed to have tumours, was analysed and the following found: 1) a greatly increased incidence of mesenchymal tumours (especially reticulosarcomata), 2) a greatly increased occurrence of "chronic pyelonephritis" (as a primary disease) among tumour patients, and 3) a correlation between tumour incidence and HLA-B mismatch between donor and recipient. Based on this material it is proposed that chronic immunostimulation in the recipient caused by graft antigens and bacteria and virus antigens puts a stop to T-suppressor lymphocyte function and subsequent proliferation of the lymphoid tissue, and that this is a major factor in the appearance of tumours derived from mesenchymal tissue, whereas the occurrence of ectodermal tumours is a result of a series of other oncogenetic factors.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1976

Hypoxanthine excretion during preservation of rabbit kidneys for transplantation. An assessment of the ischaemic damage.

The loss of 5'-adenine nucleotides from kidney tissue subjected to acute ischaemia can be indirectly estimated by washing out the end product of catabolism, hypoxanthine, from the ischaemic tissue to the perfusate. As a correlation has previously been demonstrated between the duration of the previous normothermic ischaemia and the washout of hypoxanthine during preservation, hypoxanthine has been studied as a prospective measurement of ischaemic renal damage, by transplantation of rabbit kidneys. The results were compared to the already established parameters L-lactate and lactate dehydrogenase. Different ischaemic traumata and methods of preservation have been employed in order to determine the relationship of these parameters to the ischaemic kidney damage as evaluated by the functional regeneration of the grafts after autotransplantation. The wash-out of hypoxanthine was found to be correlated to such a degree to the reversibility of the ischaemic cell degeneration that a certain in vitro exclusion of the irreversibly damaged kidney grafts was possible. It is concluded that hypoxanthine can function as a reliable and sensitive measurement for the in vitro establishment of the ischaemic kidney parenchymal damage, and that it can be employed clinically with advantage.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

LDH release into perfusates of preserved kidneys.

The measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release into perfusates after hypothermic storage was found to be a reliable index of ischemic injury of rabbit kidneys. Kidneys were exposed to warm and cold ischemia for varying periods. Each kidney was perfused before and after storage at simple hypothermia with 25 ml of a modified Collins solution. The venous effuent was collected in 5 ml fractions. Total LDH activity was measured in the first fraction after storage and used as a measure of ischemic tissue damage. It was confirmed that increasing the period of cold ischemia result in significant increases in LDH activity. The release of LDH into perfusates was then used to compare kidney damage after preservation with various fluids. With this method, it was not possible to demonstrate any difference in the extent of tissue damage after preservation with sodium-rich vs. potassium-rich perfusion fluid. Addition of steroids, vitamins and essential amino acids did not prevent or reduce tissue damage, estimated in this way. The effects of adding cryoprotectants to the perfusion fluid varied; LDH release following addition of 5% DMSO was significantly greater, and after addition of 5% glycerol smaller than the release after perfusion with a modified Collins solution alone. Stepwise addition of DMSO up to 20% resulted in serious tissue damage with a large LDH release into the perfusate.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Investigations of the excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase into the urine.

The excretion of the enzyme gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and its isoenzymes into the urine was investigated in patients with renal diseases and compared with the excretion of the enzymes leucine-aminopeptidase and lactate-dehydrogenase. In animal experiments an increased excretion of these enzymes was found after autotransplantation. Increased excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase was also found in patients with glomerulonephritis and in the polyuric phase of acute tubular necrosis, but not in cases of pyelonephritis and in the oliguric phase of acute tubular necrosis. The alterations of the isoenzyme pattern during diseases with increased enzyme excretion are in accordance with the hypothesis that the enzymes are liberated from the kidney tissue into the urine, and only a minority stems from the blood. Investigation of the excretion of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and its isoenzymes into the urine seems to be of both scientific and clinical interest.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Renal transplantation and cancer. The Scandia transplant material.

Between 1965 and 1973, 30 malignant tumours were found in patients transplanted in Scandinavia. Of these tumours, 24 were found in the 1,254 patients transplanted in Scandinavia as part of the Scandia Tranplant Programme between 1969 and 1972. Using the information recorded in the programme, 418 Danish patients who received their first and only transplant between 1969 and 1972 were selected and followed until 31/12 1973. Twelve tumours occurred in these patients. A comparison with the expected age, sex and time-specific incidence rates from the Danish Cancer Register was made and the observed tumour incidence was found to be significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than expected. Tumour incidence was found to be associated with incompatibility in the FOUR series, but was unrelated to number of rejections, the presence of HL-A antibodies and sex difference between donor and recipient. Apart from certain special forms of immunosuppression which could be oncogenic, the cause of tumour development appears to be multifactorial, both the allograft itself and immunosuppressive treatment playing a role.

Adolescent↗