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Biomedical subjects

E Kaiserling

Publications and source records attributed to E Kaiserling.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[An active endocrine glomus tumor (paraganglioma) as a cause of tinnitus and hypertension].

A glomus jugulare tumor arises from the glomus bodies located in the adventitia of the dome of the jugular bulb. A glomus tumor has the same microscopic appearance as a carotid body tumor. The present report includes the extraordinary clinical and morphological features of a catecholamine-secreting glomus tumor (paraganglioma) in a 41-year-old woman. The patient presented with uncontrollable hypertension und pulsatile tinnitus. The diagnostic and therapeutic management is reported, including MIBG scintigraphy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, embolization, angiography, selective venous sampling studies and control of hypertension. After cardiovascular stabilization and tumor embolization, the tumor was removed surgically, with subsequent resolution of hypertension. While light microscopical analysis showed a classical glomus tumor, ultrastructural analysis revealed particular details of the tumor cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Aberrant expression of macrophage-associated antigens (CD68 and Ki-M1P) by Schwann cells in reactive and neoplastic neural tissue. Light- and electron-microscopic findings.

The monoclonal antibodies KP1 (CD68), PG-M1 (CD68), and Ki-M1P can be used to detect normal and neoplastic monocytes/macrophages in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. However, systematic investigations undertaken on various tissues have revealed that reactivity with these antibodies is also found in a few cells that do not belong to the mononuclear phagocyte system. The immunoreactivity of normal, reactively altered, and neoplastic Schwann cells with these antibodies was investigated using intact peripheral myelinated nerves, nerves exhibiting Wallerian degeneration, traumatic neuromas, appendixes with neurogenic appendicopathy, granular cell tumors, neurofibromas, and neurogenic sarcomas. The results obtained by light microscopy showed that Schwann cells of nerves with Wallerian degeneration and those in traumatic neuroma, neurofibroma, and granular cell tumor exhibit intracytoplasmic immunoreactivity, which is usually intense, with KP1, Ki-M1P, and PG-M1, but normal myelinated nerves, neurogenic sarcoma, and Schwann cells in neurogenic appendicopathy do not react with these antibodies. No Schwann cells were stained by MAC387 or anti-lysozyme. The site of immunoreactivity with these antibodies was also investigated by electron microscopy. One of the granular cell tumors and macrophages in lymphoid tissue were investigated by the immunogold technique using both pre- and postembedding methods. In granular cell tumor the reaction product was located in phagolysosomes; in macrophages it was found in phagosomes and/or lysosome-like granules. Our findings therefore indicate that immunoreactivity with KP1, Ki-M1P, and PG-M1 can also be expected in cells that do not belong to the mononuclear phagocyte system if they exhibit phagocytosis and/or autophagy.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1992

Spleen findings in generalized mastocytosis. A clinicopathologic study.

BACKGROUND: Little information regarding the morphologic findings of the spleen in generalized mastocytosis (GM) is available and no comprehensive review of the literature on this subject has been published. METHODS: The authors reviewed their records to study the macroscopic and microscopic features of the spleen in 53 patients; the authors also studied these features in 135 patients reported in the literature. Thus, a total of 188 patients with GM were studied. RESULTS: Splenomegaly was noted in 72% of the patients, including 71% of the patients from the authors' files and 73% of the patients reported in the literature. The spleen weight, recorded in 39 of the patients, ranged from 160 g to 2300 g; in 29 (80%) patients the spleen weighed more than 500 g and in 4 (10%) patients, more than 2000 g. However, mast cell (MC) infiltration of the spleen was recorded in only 65 (34%) patients (patients from authors' records, 39%; patients reported in literature, 32%). The following combinations were extremely rare: splenomegaly without evidence of MC infiltration (n = 1); and histologic evidence of MC infiltration in the absence of splenomegaly (n = 2). The histologic findings of the spleen could be assessed in nine of the patients from the authors' files, eight of whom had MC infiltration. In four patients, infiltration was diffuse and confined mainly to the red pulp; in the other four patients, it was more focal and involved mainly the white pulp. Spleen plasmacytosis was found in eight patients, eosinophilia in five, hemosiderosis in seven, and fibrosis in six. Concurrent acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed in four patients, none of whom had the skin lesions of urticaria pigmentosa. CONCLUSIONS: The authors' findings show that (1) splenomegaly is a common finding in GM and often is pronounced; (2) MC infiltration probably is the most important factor in the pathogenesis of splenomegaly in this disease; and (3) two different patterns of MC infiltration (diffuse and focal) can be identified in GM.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Case report 756: Chronic multifocal osteomyelitis.

We report the case of a young boy referred to our Department of Nuclear Medicine under the suspicion of a malignant tumor. The leading clinical symptoms were pain in the joints and loss of weight and vitality. Radiographic findings were suggestive of osteogenic sarcoma, but bone scans showed multiple increased tracer depositions along the cortex of femur and tibia, and in the lower and upper jaw. The enrichment pattern was not typical for metastases, but more probably demonstrated the multiple foci of osteomyelitis. This assumption was confirmed by the histological findings, which were diagnosed as primary chronic osteomyelitis. This rare pediatric bone disorder has been described by Giedion et al. The etiology of the disease is unknown, and therapy is discussed controversely in literature.

Child↗
PubMed1992

Filiform polyposis: a case report describing clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical findings.

Filiform polyposis (FP) is a rare condition of uncertain pathogenesis, 28 cases of which have been published since it was first described in 1965. It is usually found in association with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, especially Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The condition is characterized by the presence of numerous, densely packed, filiform polyps in the colon, which may resemble villous adenomas on endoscopy. We describe a case of FP occurring in a 33-year-old man with a 5-year history of Crohn's disease, in whom subtotal colectomy was performed because of perforation of the sigmoid colon. Microscopy revealed inflammatory pseudopolyps covered by largely normal and non-dysplastic colonic epithelium. The neuroendocrine system of the intestine in FP was investigated for the first time in this case: marked hyperplasia of endocrine cells immunoreactive for serotonin, somatostatin and enteroglucagon and of neural structures immunoreactive for substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide was noted in the polyps and the adjacent intestinal mucosa. The patient has experienced no further complications in the 12 months since the operation. Medication administered in FP depends mainly on the nature of the underlying disease, and the amount of information published about this condition is as yet insufficient to allow any one specific type of treatment to be recommended. FP alone is not an indication for bowel resection but complications, such as massive haemorrhage or intestinal obstruction, may necessitate surgical intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Serous papillary cystic tumor of borderline malignancy with focal carcinoma arising in testis: case report with immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations.

A 59-year-old white man presented with painless scrotal swelling, a symptom he stated he had had for "several decades." Pathologic examination (conventional stainings, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy) revealed a cystic papillary tumor that was classified as a serous papillary cystadenoma, ovarian type, of borderline malignancy, with focal transition into invasive cancer. This appears to be the ninth reported case of testicular tumors of the serous or mucinous ovarian type and the first reported case with development of a circumscribed carcinoma from serous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy.

Cystadenoma↗
PubMed1992

Primary cutaneous large-cell anaplastic (Ki-1) lymphoma in a child.

During a 2-week period, a 9-year-old girl developed a tender, dark red, centrally ulcerated 3 cm tumor on her left thigh, associated with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Histologic and immunohistopathologic evaluation disclosed a Ki-1+ large-cell anaplastic lymphoma. The patient received multiagent chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation and is in her second remission.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the area of the head and neck].

Although malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of adult life, it is fairly rare in the head and neck region (3-6%). Between 1983 and 1991 8 patients with MFH in the head and neck region have been observed and treated at the ENT-department of the University of Tübingen. 5 patients have been operated (laryngopharyngeal localization), 2 patients underwent irradiation (unresectable fast growing T4-tumors of the pharynx and thyroid) and one female patient refused further therapy after two resections elsewhere. Operated patients showed no evidence of disease 2-8 years after resection (all margins have been controlled histologically). Both irradiated patients died 4 respectively 2 months after full (70 Gy) and incomplete (17 Gy) radiotherapy without visible positive effects. Both patients developed pulmonary metastasis. Since MFH can grow in thin layers along musculaoponeurotic structures the exact size is not always demonstrable by ultrasound, CT or MR scans. Metastasis occur in up to 40%, preferentially in regionary lymph nodes, in lung, liver and skeletal system. These phenomenon requires a full pretherapeutic staging. Histologically MFH is sometimes hard to distinguish from other tumors as for example various sarcomas and pleomorphic carcinoma. Therefore, immunohistochemical (mesenchymal markers) and electron microscopical investigations are advised. Resection with exact histological controll of all margins is the therapy of choice. We experienced that laryngeal MFH (n = 3) can be resected without laryngectomy under certain circumstances. Although unsuccessfull in our two cases, according to the literature, radiotherapy should be administered in unresectable cases. Depending on localization and size of MFH long survival, in single cases healing, of this disease is possible by surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Isolated granulocytic sarcoma of the ovary: histologic, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings.

An isolated granulocytic sarcoma (myelosarcoma) of the right ovary occurred in the absence of leukemia in a 49-year-old woman. The diagnosis of this tumor, which occurs extremely rarely in the ovary, was established by light microscopic, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopic investigations. The major cell population consisted of immature myeloid cells; scattered megakaryocytes were also seen. The tumor exhibited a prominent cellular stroma with scattered follicle-like collections of B-lymphocytes and many fibroblasts, giving the initial impression that the tumor could be of mesenchymal origin. Twelve months after operation, the patient still exhibits no evidence of leukemia.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1992

Extracellular matrix in hepatoblastoma: an immunohistochemical investigation.

Eleven hepatoblastomas of various subtypes and normal liver tissue were investigated with antibodies against collagen types I-VI, laminin, fibronectin and endothelial and macrophage-associated antigens. Epithelial hepatoblastoma cells, unlike non-neoplastic hepatocytes, exhibited intracellular immunoreactivity for various extracellular matrix proteins (depending on the subtype: laminin, fibronectin and collagen types III, IV and V). The intracellular expression of extracellular matrix proteins by the tumour cells increased from the fetal subtype, through the embryonal subtype, to the small cell subtype. The epithelial tumours exhibited sinusoid-like blood vessels in numbers that varied according to the subtype. These contained Kupffer cells and exhibited greater amounts of the basement membrane components collagen type IV and laminin in the perisinusoidal space than those in the normal liver. The small cell hepatoblastoma exhibited smaller numbers of sinusoids, pronounced intracellular expression of extracellular matrix proteins and large numbers of fibres immunoreactive for collagen type III. In the mixed hepatoblastomas, the extracellular matrix of the osteoid was most strongly immunoreactive for collagen type I and that of the spindle cell areas for collagen type III.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

Lymph node findings in generalized mastocytosis.

Lymph nodes from 21 cases of generalized mastocytosis were studied histologically to confirm or exclude mast cell infiltration, and to investigate their micro-architecture. Mast cell infiltrates were detected in 17 (80%) of the lymph nodes and were found mainly in the medullary cords and sinuses. Diffuse infiltration was seen in 14 cases and focal infiltration in three cases. The following pathological findings were frequently observed: germinal centre hyperplasia (n = 14), which is probably a nonspecific finding; and hyperplasia of small blood vessels, which sometimes resembled high endothelial venules (14), eosinophilia (8), plasmacytosis (7) and collagen fibrosis (6), all of which may well be related to the effects of mediators released by mast cells. Infiltrates of acute or chronic myeloid leukaemia were seen in six lymph nodes. Division of the cases into two prognostically different groups, i.e. systemic mastocytosis, in which the skin lesions of urticaria pigmentosa are present and the prognosis is favourable, and malignant mastocytosis, in which there is no cutaneous involvement and the prognosis is poor, revealed that all six lymph nodes exhibiting leukaemic infiltrates came from the malignant mastocytosis group; eosinophilia, plasmacytosis and fibrosis were seen significantly more often in malignant than in systemic mastocytosis, but blood vessel hyperplasia and germinal centre hyperplasia were encountered with the same high frequency in both groups; and mast cell atypia tended to be more pronounced in malignant mastocytosis; this diagnosis could therefore easily be missed without naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase staining.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Frequent expression of haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic antigens by neoplastic plasma cells: an immunohistochemical study using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.

There is increasing evidence that neoplastic plasma cells express various haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic antigens. Since this issue could raise problems in diagnostic histopathology, we have investigated 51 cases of multiple myeloma (plasmacytoma) systematically with a broad panel of antibodies applicable on paraffin-embedded and mildly decalcified tissue. In approximately 90% of the cases the neoplastic plasma cells reacted with at least one antibody detecting haemopoietic antigens: MB2 (75%), DF-T1/CD 43 (59%), UCHL1/CD 45RO (47%), Ki-B3 (41%), anti-LCA/CD 45 (40%), L26/CD 20 (26%), 4KB5/CD 45RA (18%), Ber H2/CD 30 (10%), anti-neutrophil elastase (4%), anti-Leu-7/CD 57 (8%), Dako-M1/CD 15 (2%), KP1/CD 68 (2%) and anti-glycoprotein IIIa (2%). In approximately 70% of the cases the cells reacted with antibodies against non-haemopoietic antigens: anti-epithelial membrane antigen (65%), BMA120 (53%), anti-vimentin (44%), anti-pan-cytokeratin/KL1 (8%), anti-carcino-embryonic antigen (6%) and HMB45 (6%). Lack of awareness of the frequent expression of both haemopoietic and non-haemopoietic antigens by neoplastic plasma cells could lead to mis-diagnosis of plasmacytomas as malignant lymphomas or even as carcinomas or sarcomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The decidua of early human pregnancy: immunohistochemistry and function of immunocompetent cells.

Like the endometrial stroma, the decidua contains lymphoreticular cells, and these are probably involved in immunological interactions between the conceptus and the mother. Lymphoreticular cells in decidual tissue obtained from 12 patients undergoing therapeutic abortion of an intact pregnancy at 6-10 weeks' gestation were investigated in this study. Immunophenotyping with a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed various subpopulations of lymphoreticular cells. Macrophages (Ki-M6+, Ki-M7+, Ki-M8+, KP1+, MAC 387+ and Ki-M1P+) represented the largest fraction of intradecidual lymphoreticular cells. CD3+ and CD8+ lymphocytes were found in moderate numbers and CD4+ cells in small numbers. The majority of the intradecidual lymphoid cells exhibited an unusual phenotype [CD7+, CD2+, CD56+, triple negative (CD3-, CD4-, CD8)]. The distribution of these unusual lymphocytes mirrored that of the so-called endometrial stromal granulocytes. A few of these stromal granulocytes reacted with the macrophage-associated antibody KP1, but not with Ki-M1P, another macrophage marker. This was confirmed by immuno-electron microscopy. The finding that intradecidual CD3+ lymphocytes express neither the alpha/beta nor the gamma/delta heterodimer of the T cell antigen receptor was unexpected. However, these cells did express the alpha/beta heterodimer after in vitro culture with PHA-P and recombinant exogenous interleukin-2. No stimulated T lymphocytes expressing activation antigens could be detected. B lymphocytes, T and B immune accessory cells and CD15+ granulocytes were found only in small numbers or were absent. Amongst cells expressing NK cell markers, CD57+ and CD16+ cells were found in small to moderate numbers, while CD56+ cells were detected in large numbers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗