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Biomedical subjects

E James

Publications and source records attributed to E James.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Management of infants with severe respiratory failure and persistence of the fetal circulation, without hyperventilation.

The successful management of 15 infants suffering from persistence of fetal pulmonary circulation and in severe respiratory failure is presented. The treatment regimen focused on minimizing barotrauma. Infants were intubated nasotracheally and ventilated with intermittent mandatory ventilation. Peak inspiratory pressures were determined by the clinical assessment of chest excursion. Ventilator settings and fractional inspiratory oxygen (FiO2) were selected to maintain a PaO2 between 50 and 70 mm Hg; PaCO2 was not a controlling parameter and was allowed to increase as high as 60 mm Hg. Hyperventilation and muscle relaxants were not used. High ventilator rate was used in ten infants who required high inspiratory pressure to maintain chest excursion, with a favorable response in five. Tolazoline was given to 14 infants of whom ten showed an improvement in oxygenation; dopamine was given to three infants who were oliguric. All infants survived, and only one infant developed chronic lung disease which was defined by the infant's need for supplemental oxygen beyond 30 days of life.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1984

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Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1984

Essential thrombocythemia and coronary artery disease.

An unusual case of essential thrombocythemia in a young man presenting with progressive angina pectoris is presented. Angiography revealed proximal left anterior descending artery stenosis. Successful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty along with antiplatelet therapy and a calcium channel blocking drug have rendered this patient asymptomatic.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Monoclonal antibodies against platelet membrane glycoproteins. Characterization and effect on platelet function.

The specificity of five monoclonal antibodies (P1-P6) against platelet surface components was determined by immunoprecipitation of surface-labelled platelets from normal donors and patients with known platelet glycoprotein defects, followed by analysis by gel electrophoresis. Three (P2, P4 and P6) precipitated glycoproteins IIb and IIIa and, in addition, P2 precipitated glycoprotein Ia. P1 precipitated normally only glycoprotein Ib also Ia when the platelets were pretreated with neuraminidase. P3 precipitated principally glycoprotein Ia but glycoprotein Ib was also weakly precipitated. The effects of the monoclonals on platelet function were tested. P1 and P2 completely inhibited and P3 slightly inhibited thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. P2 also inhibited collagen-induced aggregation and partially inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation. P3, P4 and P6 partially inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation. None had any effect on ristocetin-induced aggregation despite P1 and P3 binding to glycoprotein Ib. These results confirm the role of glycoproteins IIb and IIIa in aggregation induced by various agents and suggest that the function of glycoprotein Ib in thrombin-induced aggregation is more important than previously suspected and that glycoprotein Ia may also be involved in platelet functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

How nonprofits grow: a model.

When nonprofit organizations operate in a field of service that might otherwise be provided by government or by for-profit organizations, such as schools, hospitals, or museums, their decisions on the type and amount of services to be delivered are motivated by factors that are quite distinctive. Because they must operate on a break-even basis with revenues raised on a voluntary basis, nonprofit organizations typically take on activities from which they derive no satisfaction in order to subsidize activities that they regard as of higher value. As a result, the mix of services they offer and the charges they impose will generally be quite different from those of a government institution or a for-profit organization.

Financial Management↗
PubMed1983

Serial sonographic monitoring of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and its sequelae in the preterm neonate.

This study documents changes in ventricular size and brain parenchyma that occurred in 41 preterm neonates that had intracranial hemorrhage, out of 136 preterm neonates that were serially examined. Serial real-time sonographic examinations disclosed a close relationship between the severity of ICH and the development of progressive ventricular dilatation. Eighty percent of preterm neonates with minor degrees of ICH [localized subependymal hemorrhage (SEH) or SEH with small intraventricular hemorrhage (SEH/IVH)] did not develop significant ventricular dilatation, whereas all of the neonates with IVH and/or intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH) developed moderate or severe ventricular dilatation. Spontaneous resolution of moderate and/or severe ventricular dilatation did occur by the end of the third week of life in approximately one third of neonates with ICH. The therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Tryptic peptide map analysis of the major human blood platelet membrane glycoproteins separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Washed platelets were surface-labelled by lactoperoxidase catalyzed iodination and either the platelets or membranes were solubilized in detergent and applied to a wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose column and a Lens culinaris lectin Sepharose column coupled sequentially. The glycoproteins eluted from the lectin columns were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Alternatively, labelled whole platelets or membranes were solubilized and then directly separated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Spots corresponding to specific glycoproteins identified by apparent isoelectric point (pI), apparent molecular weight (Mr), staining and labelling characteristics were cut from the gels and analyzed by tryptic peptide mapping. The maps of the individual glycoproteins(GP) Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, GP4-4.5 132-135, IIIa, IIIb and IIIc were all different. Glycoproteins with the same Mr but different pI were distinct with the exception of regions of GP Ib. There were minor differences in the maps of glycoproteins separated in the reduced or non-reduced state. Tryptic peptide maps provide a valuable additional parameter for the identification and characterization of platelet glycoproteins.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1982

Characterization of the platelet membrane glycoprotein abnormalities in Bernard-Soulier syndrome and comparison with normal by surface-labeling techniques and high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

The platelets from three patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome have been analyzed by surface-labeling coupled with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and compared with normals. As well as the previously described absence or deficiency in glycoprotein (GP) Ib(alpha) it could be shown that GP Ib beta and an additional low molecular weight glycoprotein GP17 were not detectable using carbohydrate-labeling methods or deficient to the same extent as the GPIb alpha subunit. In addition, the thrombin cleavable glycoprotein could not be detected using carbohydrate-labeling methods in two patients and was deficient in a third. This finding was confirmed in a fourth patient by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Thus, the changes in the membrane of Bernard-Soulier platelets are more complex than previously thought.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Glycoproteins of platelet membranes from Glanzmann's thrombasthenia. A comparison with normal using carbohydrate-specific or protein-specific labelling techniques and high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

Platelets from Glanzmann's thrombasthenia patients and from normal donor were surface labeled by techniques specific for sugars (terminal sialic acid, penultimate galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine) and proteins (tyrosine-histidine residues). These labelled platelets were solubilized in sodium dodecyl sulphate and separated on a two-dimensional electrophoretic system [O'Farrell. P. H. (1975) J. Biol. Chem. 250, 4007--4021] first according to their isoelectric point (pI) and then according to their molecular weight. In addition, unlabelled sodium-dodecyl-sulphate-solubilized platelets were separated on a two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel and the glycoproteins were identified by binding of 125I-labelled Lens culinaris lectin (specific for mannose and glucose). In one Glanzmann's thrombasthenia patient glycoproteins IIbA1 and IIIaA1 were absent and in two others lower amounts of two glycoproteins were found in positions similar or close to these two membrane glycoproteins. The terminal sialic acid moieties of major glycoproteins (IbA1, IbB1 and IIIbA1) were more intensely labelled in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia than in normals and these glycoproteins had an altered pI. A glycoprotein tentatively designated as Ic/IIa(?) had an altered pI and was labelled more intensely in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia platelets than in normals. A number of low-molecular-weight glycoproteins (IVa, IVb, VII) and one high-molecular weight glycoprotein normally found in platelets of healthy donors were reproducibly not detected in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia platelets. These results obtained by a combination of highly sensitive techniques strongly indicate that in Glanzmann's thrombasthenia the absence or reduction of two major membrane glycoproteins (IIbA1, IIIaA1) is not the only defect but that there appears to be a profound perturbation of the platelet membrane surface.

Blood Platelet Disorders↗
PubMed1981

Nucleotide sequence of the argF regulatory region of Escherichia coli K-12.

The deoxyribonucleotide sequence has been determined for the regulatory region of the arginine F gene (argF) of Escherichia coli K-12. The location of the argF coding region was deduced by comparison of the DNA sequence to the sequence predicted from the primary structure of the N-terminus of the argF gene product, the subunit of the "F" isoenzyme of ornithine transcarbamylase. Transcription of the argF gene was found to initiate at a position approx. 40 bp preceding the N-terminal codon for OTCase. Comparison of the region surrounding the origin of transcription with a computer-generated "model promoter sequence" revealed structural similarities between the two sequences, in particular, the promoter-associated stretches known as the "Pribnow box" and "minus 35 contact site". Another feature noted for the argF promoter region was its extreme abundance of A : T nucleotide pairs. In the region preceding the start site for argF translation, a sequence was observed to be complementary to the 3' end of the 16S RNA component of the E. coli ribosome. Both the length and the nucleotide sequence of the argF leader region indicate that the argF gene does not contain an attenuator proposed to exist in other operons concerned with amino acid biosynthesis.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1980

Characterization of human blood platelet membrane proteins and glycorproteins by their isoelectric point (pI) and apparent molecular weight using two-dimensional electrophoresis and surface-labelling techniques.

Intact human blood platelets were radioactively labelled at the surface by techniques specific for proteins or glycoproteins. Labelled platelet samples were analyzed by a high-resolution two-demensional separation system involving isoelectric focusing in the first dimension and discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the second. The major platelet membrane glycoprotein (GP) bands (Ib, IIb, IIIa and IIIb) were found to be highly heterogeneous even after removal of terminal sialic acid residues. Lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination of platelets showed that the major labelled proteins (Ib, IIb, IIIa and IIIb) had altered isoelectric points (pI) and molecular weights after neuraminidase treatment. A number of membrane glycoproteins previously undetected by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis were demonstrated and good evidence provided that the major platelet surface proteins are glycosylated.

Blood Platelets↗