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Biomedical subjects

E Honda

Publications and source records attributed to E Honda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tactile and taste sensory maturation of the frog larvae tongue.

The maturation process of organs in the oral cavity of the larvae of bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, corresponding to the larval stages XVIII to XXV distinguished by Taylor and Kallros Anat. Rec., 94 (1946) 7-25, were investigated. In this study, these larval stages were divided by the width of the mouth slit into A1, A2, B and C stages. The A1 and A2 stages corresponded to larval stages XVIII-XIX and XX, respectively. The B and C stages corresponded to stages XXI and XXII-XXV, respectively. In stage A1, mechanical and chemical stimulation of the tongue rudiment, in most larvae, failed to elicit afferent discharges in glossopharyngeal nerves. However, in a small number of larvae, obvious afferent discharges of these nerves were generated. In stage A2, glossopharyngeal nerves in most larvae began responding to the same stimulations. The amplitude increased with decreasing duration of afferent discharges, resembling those of the adult. In stage B, the first glossopharyngeal-hypoglossal nerve reflex (G-H reflex) was elicited by mechanical stimulation of the tongue. In stage C, the G-H reflex was also induced by chemical stimulation and the latency of the G-H reflex elicited by mechanical stimulation decreased. In this stage, expansion and extension of the tongue increased. Therefore, the natural function of this reflex for the intake of food may follow this stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Fractal dimensions of ductal patterns in the parotid glands of normal subjects and patients with Sjögren syndrome.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The sialographic ductal patterns of the parotid glands in patients with Sjögren syndrome were compared with those of normal patients by measuring the fractal dimensions. METHODS: Fractal dimensions were estimated using the modified pixel dilation method. RESULTS: The mean fractal dimension was 1.64 +/- 0.06 for the normal glands and 1.39 +/- 0.10 for the glands with Sjögren syndrome (P < .005). No correlation between the age or sex and fractal dimension was observed for both groups. In Sjögren syndrome, a significant difference in the fractal dimension was observed between the subgroup having punctuate fillings with a diameter less than 1 mm and the subgroup from 1 to 2 mm (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The fractal dimension is useful as a numeric grading of the complexity of the ductal pattern and the progression of parotid disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Isolation and characterization of the tubular basement membrane antigen associated with human tubulo-interstitial nephritis.

The target antigen, a 54-kD glycoprotein (gp54), reactive with sera from patients with anti-tubular basement membrane (anti-TBM) nephritis, was isolated from collagenase-digested (CD) bovine TBM. The purified gp54 was shown to be non-collagenous by amino acid analysis, and to be a unique basement membrane component by amino-terminal sequencing. The nephritogenicity of gp54 was demonstrated by immunizing strain XIII guineapigs with purified gp54, and producing anti-gp54 antibody and tubulo-interstitial nephritis. Anti-gp54 antibody, affinity-purified from sera of patients with anti-TBM nephritis, bound by immunoblotting to 54-kD and, to a lesser extent, 48-kD components of partially purified human CD-TBM. Indirect immunofluorescence showed that gp54 was present in the basement membrane of proximal tubules of the kidneys of normal human, cow, rabbit, guineapig and Brown-Norway rat but not in Lewis rat. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed localization of gp54 along the interstitial side of the TBM and its association with interstitial collagen fibres. These results indicate that gp54 is the nephritogenic antigen involved in tubulo-interstitial nephritis, and is unique in chemical characteristics and localization in the kidney.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1992

Evidence for an InsP3-gated channel protein in isolated rat olfactory cilia.

Stimulation of rat olfactory cilia (ROC) with odorants leads to a transient elevation in the levels of either cAMP or inositol trisphosphate (InsP3). We have characterized the binding of [3H]InsP3 to isolated ROC. Unlabeled InsP3 displaced [3H]InsP3 binding in a dose-dependent manner (dissociation constant = 3.9 +/- 0.65 microM). Binding was stereospecific and dependent on the number of phosphates in the inositol ring. A ciliary protein of 120 kDa molecular mass was labeled specifically upon exposure of cilia membranes to ultraviolet light in the presence of the 125I-labeled InsP3 analogue 1-O-[N-(4-azidosaliciloxy)-3-aminopropyl-1-phospho]-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Labeling of this protein displayed the same stereospecificity as binding of [3H]InsP3 to ROC. In addition, ROC membranes incorporated into a phospholipid bilayer at the tip of a patch pipette displayed an increase in conductance upon exposure to micromolar D-myoinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate in 45% of the trials (n = 88). The InsP3-gated conductance is relatively nonspecific for cations and is distinct from the cAMP-gated conductance. The conductance displayed stereospecificity consistent with the InsP3 binding experiments. The results suggest that the site of action for odorant-stimulated elevations in InsP3 concentration in rat olfactory cilia is at a ciliary InsP3-gated channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[MRI findings of closed head injury in children; with special reference to the effect of central shearing force].

It is considered that shearing effect as introduced by Holbourn may produce central concussion, diffuse brain swelling and diffuse axonal injury according to its grade of force. MRI was performed in 38 children who had been admitted to our hospital during the previous 1 year for the treatment of closed head injury of varying severity. In 8 out of 38 cases, abnormal high signal intensity was observed in the medial and para-medial brain parenchyma on MRI. All of these 8 cases suffered from head trauma caused by motor vehicle accidents. They included 2 cases of cerebral concussion, 1 of diffuse brain swelling, and 5 cases of diffuse axonal injury. In 2 cases of cerebral concussion, MRI (T2 weighted) revealed only localized high intensity in the corpus callosum, while CT showed normal and subarachnoid hemorrhage only at the interposium. These two children had been unconscious for periods of 20 to 30 minutes. In one case of diffuse brain swelling, MRI (T2W) showed a slightly obscure border between gray and white matter due to generally increased intensity. In 5 cases of diffuse axonal injury, most of these cases manifested lesions at the corpus callosum, deep white matter, periventricular gray matter, pons, midbrain and the cerebellum as demonstrated by high signal intensity on MRI (T2W) while CT in the acute stage showed small hemorrhage at the corpus callosum, corticomedullary junction and mid-brain and in the ventricles. Among these, two cases also demonstrated subdural hematoma and cortical contusional hemorrhage. At 3-4 weeks after injury, the area of high intensity previously demonstrated in the deep white matter and the corpus callosum on MRI (T2W) was reduced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Axons↗
PubMed1991

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of cDNAs coding for guinea pig alpha 1-antiproteinases S and F and contrapsin.

The cDNAs encoding two isoforms, S (slow) and F (fast), of alpha 1-antiproteinase (also referred to as alpha 1-antitrypsin or alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor) as well as contrapsin were obtained by screening lambda gt11 cDNA library prepared fro inflamed guinea pig liver. The sequence analyses of these cDNAs and NH2-terminal peptides of the purified proteins revealed that both isoforms of alpha 1-antiproteinase consist of 405 amino acid residues including a signal peptide of 24 residues and that contrapsin consists of 410 amino acid residues with the same length of the signal peptide. Guinea pig contrapsin had 89, 88, 62, 42, and 41% homology to its own alpha 1-antiproteinases F and S, rat alpha 1-antiproteinase, mouse and rat contrapsins, respectively. This suggests that guinea pig contrapsin is not orthologous to mouse and rat contrapsins and that it developed from a much later duplication of alpha 1-antiproteinase gene after the guinea pig had diverged from the murine lineage. The available data suggest that the reactive site region of alpha 1-antiproteinase can be categorized into orthodox and unorthodox types: the former has P3-P'3 consensus sequence of Xaa-Pro-Met-Ser-Xaa-Pro, where Xaa is Leu, Ile, Val, or Met, while the latter, which occurs in species having multiple alpha 1-antiproteinase isoforms, has the sequence whose P1 Met has changed to other amino acids. Thus, the reactive site region of the orthodox type, which occurs in all seven mammals examined to date, is highly conserved. This is in marked contrast to the fact that the same region is hypervariable among the paralogous proteins belonging to the serpin superfamily.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

BHV-1 adsorption is mediated by the interaction of glycoprotein gIII with heparinlike moiety on the cell surface.

The gIII glycoprotein of bovid herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) has been shown to mediate the adsorption of the virions to cells (K. Okazaki, E. Honda, T. Minetoma, and T. Kumagai, 1987, Arch. Virol. 97, 297-307). In this study, the cellular receptor for BHV-1 was investigated. Addition of heparin to the virus inoculum and treatment of the cells with heparinase prevented the virus from adsorbing to and infecting the cells. Of the major glycoproteins of BHV-1 only gIII was found to bind specifically to heparin. The binding of gIII was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody against antigenic site Ia, which interferes with the adsorption of the virus. These findings indicate that the virus adsorption to cells is mediated by interaction of the gIII antigenic site Ia with a heparinlike moiety on the cell surface, which serves as a receptor for BHV-1.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1991

A method for determination of fractal dimensions of sialographic images.

A method for measuring the fractal dimension of radiographic images was devised by the modified pixel dilation (PD) method, and its accuracy was examined by two types of image analyzers: one controlled by a minicomputer and based on the hexagonal array of the pixels, and the other controlled by a personal computer and based on the square array of the pixels. It was shown that the fractal dimensions measured by using the image analyzers for three curves (straight line, Koch curve, and Sierpinski gasket) were deviated by less than 2.1% from the theoretical dimension. The time required for the measurements fell within 10 seconds by the minicomputer-controlled image analyzer, and within 12 minutes by the personal computer-controlled image analyzer, which contrasts to the 30 minutes or more required for measuring fractal dimensions by other available methods. Analysis of the ductal patterns in sialograms by this method indicated that the fractal dimensions were significantly different between normal parotids and parotids with Sjögren syndrome. The modified PD method can be used for measuring the fractal dimension of ductal patterns in sialograms. The measurements may serve as numerical gradings of the progression of disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Detection of bovine rhinotracheitis virus antibody by neutralizing test and ELISA in experimentally infected rabbits.

The antibody response of rabbit to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus was examined. Two rabbits were inoculated with IBR virus strain Los Angeles into the trachea and intravenously, and intravenously two times, respectively. The patterns of antibody titers in the rabbits measured by neutralization test and ELISA were similar to those in the case of bovine. The antibody was detected after the inoculation, and much more antibody was detected after the second inoculation. The fact suggests that rabbits are a very useful laboratory animal for IBR virus infection studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Malignant meningioma with cartilage and giant cells.

An autopsy case of recurrent and malignant meningioma is reported. This case was originally typical benign transitional meningioma of the falx, however, the histology of the tumor changed to show malignant features during successive recurrences. At autopsy, the tumor revealed findings consistent with malignant meningioma. One of the most interesting features was the presence of cartilage and giant cells in some parts. Immunohistochemistry showed positive immunoreactivity for S-100 protein in some cartilage and giant cells and for cytokeratin in some giant cells. Multidifferential potential of the meningioma cells was suggested in this case.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of a new type of high sharpness film for skull radiography.

A new type of high sharpness, high speed film was evaluated in combination with rare-earth screens for modulation transfer function, root-mean-square granularity and characteristic curve, and compared with currently available film-screen combinations. The clinical applicability of the new system was also compared on the basis of resolution and the discrimination of anatomical features on radiographs of a skull phantom. The results indicated that the new type film provided a radiograph of higher image quality while at the same time reducing patient dose by about 20% compared with the present rare-earth screen systems, or with no loss of image quality while reducing patient dose by about 50% compared with the present calcium tungstate system.

Artifacts↗
PubMed1991

Radiographic quality and patient discomfort in sialography: comparison of iohexol with iothalamate.

We have compared the usefulness of a newly developed, low osmolality contrast medium, Omnipaque 350 (75.49% iohexol, 350 mgI ml-1), for sialography with one of the established, Angioconray (80% sodium iothalamate, 480 mgI ml-1), in a double-blind, prospective randomized clinical trial in 80 patients. The diagnostic quality of the sialograms, pain during the procedure and discomfort subsequently were investigated. There was no difference in either group between the number of sialograms judged as diagnostically useful, although those of excellent quality were significantly more frequent in the Angioconray group. The level of pain on injection of the medium was significantly lower in the Omnipaque group. Eighteen per cent of the patients with Omnipaque had severe or moderate pain on injection of the contrast medium, while 63% had such pain with Angioconray. There was no difference in postprocedural discomfort between the two contrast media. We concluded that the low osmolality contrast medium is more favourable for sialography despite its lower iodine content.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Multiple intracerebral cavernous angioma--case report.

A 65 Year-old man with an episode of absence attacks and mild mental changes was admitted to the clinic. A skull X-ray film demonstrated a mild spotty calcification in the left frontal region. The lesion was recognized as a heterogeneous high density and irregular round egg-sized tumor on computerized tomography and appeared as an avascular mass with cerebral angiography. The patient also had abnormal low-intensity spots that were widely scattered in the supratentorial, parieto-temporal cortex, cerebellum and the pons on MRI (gradient-field echo method). Abdominal echography demonstrated a single tumor shadow in the liver. Only the frontal lesion removed and histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a cavernous angioma. The scattered low density lesions observed with the MRI (both T1 and T2 weighted) were also indicative of a cavernous angioma. These lesions were probably caused by hemosiderin at different phases of chemical breakdown. The cases of multiple cavernous angiomas reported by McCormick and Rubinstein had a similar appearance with a spot-shaped hemorrhage or angioma. Many other reports of multiple lesions will probably appear in the future with the use of MR, since a small cavernous angioma can be easily visualized by gradient-field echo method.

Aged↗