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Biomedical subjects

E Hiller

Publications and source records attributed to E Hiller.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Drug-induced disturbances of the coagulation system (author's transl)].

Side-effects of longterm therapy on the coagulation system become manifest either as hemorrhages or as an increased risk of thromboembolism. The most frequent drug-induced coagulation defect is thrombopathia. The most important drug-induced plasmatic coagulation disorders are caused by anti-coagulants and therefore predictable. In patients exposed to hemorrhage risk, non-steroidal antiphlogistics are not contraindicated since they entail inhibition of platelet aggregation and prolonged hemorrhage time. High doses of penicillin G and the semisynthetic penicillins can lead to hemorrhage in patients with renal insufficiency. Corticosteroids and contraceptives however tend to induce hypercoagulability.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1980

[Study on the genesis of diffuse intravascular coagulation after implantation of a peritoneal-jugular le veen shunt (author's transl)].

In a 68-year-old woman with cirrhosis of the liver an attempt was made to treat the intractable ascites by a peritoneal-jugular shunt. In the course of the two-week continuous reinfusion of ascites a disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) developed which made a ligation of the shunt necessary. After ligation the fibrinogen and platelets rose to normal levels. To evaluate the relationship of the DIC to the continuous reinfusion of ascites, a coagulation profile of the ascitic fluid of a number of patients was performed. It could be demonstrated that the procoagulant activities and factors inhibiting coagulation varied widely although, in some cases, procoagulant factors predominated. Furthermore, in the ascitic fluid of the one patient described in detail activation of the contact factor could be shown following implantation of the shunt. The results of these investigations suggest that in future candidates for a Le Veen shunt, in vitro clotting tests should be performed of the ascitic fluid and a probatory reinfusion of a large amount of ascitic fluid with a parallel evaluation of the most important clotting parameters. A patient at risk to develop DIC following the insertion of a Le Veen shunt perhaps could thus be recognized prior to such a procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Evaluation of hypercoagulability after remission induction chemotherapy of acute leukemia.

In 20 patients with acute leukemia the thrombin-mediated fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) were determined before and after remission induction chemotherapy for several weeks to assess the extent of hypercoagulability. Increased levels of SFMC were observed in patients with high leukocyte cell counts after induction chemotherapy which may reflect the release of thromboplastic material from destructed leukemic cells. Patients with low leukocyte counts showed only a moderate increase in SFMC. A low concentration of antithrombin III (< 20 mg/100 ml) or a drop from a previously normal value was a prognostic unfavorable sign. An elevated level of plasmin-mediated fibrin-split-products could not be related to the course of therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Pseudo-hyperkalaemia in myeloproliferative diseases (author's transl)].

In two patients in the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukaemia there was a marked rise in serum potassium levels, while plasma potassium was at the lower range of normal and there were no signs of hyperkalaemia clinically. After reduction of the pathological cells under cytostatic treatment the serum potassium levels returned to normal. This in-vitro phenomenon seems to be more common in patients with marked thrombocytosis and leukaemia than has previously been thought. In such patients hypokalaemia may be undetected because serum potassium levels arenormal. Pseudo-hyperkalaemia exists when the potassium level is normal in plasma obtained by centrifugation immediately after the blood sample has been taken, without addition of plastic spheres and at once separated from the blood cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[A modified MOPP regimen in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease stage III B and IV (author's transl)].

In a retrospective study 80 patients with Hodgkin's disease of stage III B (n = 32) and IV (n = 48) were investigated, who had been treated with a modified MOPP regimen. 28 patients (35%) were previously untreated. A completed remission was reached in 51 patients, a partial remission in 16, and 13 patients failed to respond. 16 patients had died in the observation period. Complete remissions were twice as frequent with 90% in stage III as compared with 45% in stage IV. The group of patients surviving 4 years was 92% in stage III and 62% in stage IV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of normal and leukemic leukocytes on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis].

Lysates of leukocytes of healthy persons and of patients with acute and chronic leukemias possess a weak tissue factor activity. This procoagulant activity is increased greatly when leukocytes are stimulated by endotoxin. The tissue factor is derived almost exclusively from the monocytes and not from lymphocytes and granulocytes. Monocytes are stimulated to the same extent by adherence to plastic surfaces. The fibrinolytic activity of lysates of mixed leukocytes is due to a nonspecific protease and a plasminogen activator. Only granulocytes can cause fibrinolyses. Endotoxin stimulation enhances the plasminogen activator but not the protease. Normal leukocytes and leukocytes of patients with chronic leukemias also exert an antithrombin activity.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1978

[Thromboplastin activity of extracts of human thyroid glands (author's transl)].

Aqueous extracts of thyroid glands were prepared from 25 surgical specimens of 19 patients. The average prothrombin time of sixteen 3:4 diluted extracts of thyroids from 13 euthyroid patients was 16.8 +/- 2.3 sec as measured with 100% human plasma. Under similar conditions the average prothrombin time of extracts obtained from the grey matter of three human brains was 18.4 +/- 0.3 sec. The thyroid may thus be considered as an organ containing one of the highest concentrations of tissue thromboplastin.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Experimental and clinical investigations on the transfusion of autologous blood in urological operations.

In view of the known risks in homologous blood transfusions, the procedures for transfusion of endogenous blood are gaining increasing importance. Using this fact as a basis, the feasibility of direct intraoperative autotransfusion in the area of urology was investigated. 6 mongrel dogs received blood-urine autotransfusions after cystotomy and cavotomy (n = 2) as well as after left-side nephrotomy (n = 4). Coagulation and hemolysis parameters were examined 1, 2, 24 h and 7 days after the autotransfusion, and showed transitory pathological changes which were, without exception, reversible within 7 days. Clinical effects were not observed. On the basis of favorable experience, the intraoperative, machine autotransfusion was also used clinically for renal traumas (n = 13), urinary bladder traumas (n = 4) and nephrotomies (n = 3). Postoperative checks showed pathological changes in the hemolysis and coagulation values only during the first 3 postoperative days. The blood-urine autotransfusion was well tolerated without exception. Indications and contraindications for direct intraoperative autotransfusions in the area of urological operations are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Polychemotherapy in non-hodgkin lymphoma with a modified MOPP scheme (author's transl)].

64 patients with extensive non-Hodgkin lymphomas were treated with a modified MOPP scheme. 41 patients had stage IV disease. 59 patients responded to treatment. In 22 cases complete remission was obtained and in 37 cases partial remission. The proportion of complete remissions was the same for reticulosarcoma (9 out of 28) and lymphosarcoma (7 out of 22). The remission rate for Brill-Symmers disease was higher (6 out of 14). For patients with lymphosarcoma the average duration of complete remission was 26.9 months and for patients with reticulosarcoma 25 months. 42 of the 59 patients who responded to treatment survived one year, 33 of them two or more years. After a two-year period there were no more deaths.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The procoagulant activity of human granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes stimulated by endotoxin. Coagulation and electron microscopic studies.

Leukocytes from donor blood were separated by ficoll/Urovison density centrifugation into granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The cell fractions were suspended in a culture medium to which endotoxin of Salmonella enteritidis was added at a final concentration of 10 microgram/ml. Endotoxin-stimulated monocytes developed a very high tissue factor (thromboplastin) activity while in granulocytes an only negligible amount of tissue factor activity was detectable. The tissue factor activity measured in the preparation of the lymphocytes can be explained by contamination with monocytes. Eelectron microscopic studies showed the lysosomes of all monocytes to be enlarged and activated. Only a fraction of the granulocytes appeared degranulated with prominent vacuoles containing inclusion bodies. Possibly the high tissue factor activity of the monocytes triggers the development of the disseminated intravascular coagulation in the Shwartzman phenomenon.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1977

[Modification of the plasmatic blood coagulation system by normal and leukemic leukocytes].

Homogenates of leukocytes of normal persons and of patients with acute and chronic leukemias have a weak tissue factor activity. The recalcification time is prolonged and the prothrombin consumption decreased, however, upon addition of these cell homogenates to the test mixture. The inhibition of the clotting is due to an antithrombin activity in the leukocytes. Massive cell destruction in chronic leukemias does not lead to a consumption coagulopathy. In acute leukemias a consumption coagulopathy following cell destruction is not uncommon.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1977

Procoagulant activity of activated monocytes.

Endotoxin-stimulated monocytes develop a very high tissue-factor-like activity as compared to an equivalent number of monocytes in a preparation of monocyte-enriched mononuclear blood cells obtained by Ficoll-Urovision density gradient centrifugation which is not exposed to endotoxin. In monocytes which were obtained by plastic adherence from the monocyte-enriched mononuclear blood cells, the tissue factor activity was as high as in the endotoxin-stimulated monocytes.

Bacterial Toxins↗