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Biomedical subjects

E H Majer

Publications and source records attributed to E H Majer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

[On the history of ENT in Austria (author's transl)].

The history of otology in Austria begins with Adam Politzer, the founder of clinical otology. In 1873, Politzer and Gruber founded the Clinic of Otology of the University of Vienna, the first of its kind in the world. The first stapes mobilization was performed in 1875 by Kessel in Graz. Similar university clinics were founded in Graz under Habermann in 1893 and in Innsbruck under Juffinger in 1894. Urbantschitsch initiated auditory training of the hard of hearing. In 1914 Barany received the Nobel prize for his research on the vestibular apparatus. The history of laryngology in Austria begins in 1857 when the laryngeal mirror was used for diagnosis for the first time by Ludwig Türck. In 1870, the first clinic of laryngology in the world was opened in Vienna by Schrötter von Kristelli. In 1873, the surgeon, Theodore Billroth, performed the first total laryngectomy. All the investigations made at the Austrian clinics were of decisive importance for the development of our specialty.

Austria↗
PubMed1978

Adam Politzer.

Adam Politzer (1835--1920) received his degree as Doctor of Medicine in 1859. His method of tubal inflation of the middle car with the Politzer bag was published in 1863. Together with J. Gruber, he was appointed director of the newly-founded Clinic for Otology of the University of Vienna, the first clinic of its kind in the world. Thousands of doctors from all over the world came to Vienna to attend his advanced training courses. He was aided in his teaching by his textbook, Lehrbuch der Ohrenheilkunde, which was translated into several languages. Under Politzer, Vienna became a Mecca for otologists. In 1893, Politzer demonstrated focal alterations of the otic capsule as being the cause of otosclerosis for the first time. He published 103 scientific papers. During his 46 years of teaching, Politzer transformed otology from a "sterile, hopeless discipline" into an academically recognized specialty.

Air Pressure↗
PubMed1978

[Adam Politzer (1835-1920) (author's transl)].

Politzer's method of tubal inflation was published in 1873. Together with J. Gruber, he was entrusted with the direction of the newly-founded Ohrenklinik of the University of Vienna, the first of its kind in the world. He determined the otic capsule as the cause of otosclerosis for the first time in 1893. After J. Gruber's retirement 1897, he became chief of the Ohrenklinik of Vienna. Politzer published 103 scientific papers dealing with almost all fields of otology, including his well-known textbook of Otology and his History of Otology in 2 volumes. During his 46 years of teaching, Politzer turned otology from a "sterile, hopeless discipline" into an academically recognized field in Austria.

Austria↗
PubMed1975

[100 Years of laryngectomy (author's transl)].

Since the first laryngectomy was performed in 1873 by Billroth in Vienna, this method has been continually further improved. A horizontal laryngectomy with preservation of the air passages was performed in 1957 by Majer and Rieder and named cricohyoidopexy. Cricohyoidopexy consists basically of the removal of the thyroid cartilage and the soft laryngeal tissues prior to pulling the preserved cricoid cartilage upwards and fixing it to the epiglottis and the hyoid bone. This operation ensures that the air passages, the voice, and deglutition are preserved. Serafini and Arsian have extended this technique to a tracheohyoidopexy, which has been successfully performed in many cases. Certain aspects posing problems and creating difficulties during these operative procedures, such as respiration, deglutition and the voice are discussed. These methods of functional laryngectomy, however, have only a limited indication.

Austria↗