Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E H Johnson

Publications and source records attributed to E H Johnson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Vaccination of calves against Salmonella dublin with aromatic-dependent Salmonella typhimurium.

Ten Holstein calves were divided into 2 groups. Five calves served as nonvaccinated controls, and 5 calves were vaccinated IM at 2 and 3 weeks of age with 10(9) aromatic-dependent (aro-) Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1479 containing O antigens 1, 4, 12. Serious adverse reactions to vaccination were not observed in the calves. Mean maximum rectal temperature increase in the vaccinated calves was 1.5 C. One calf had diarrhea and depressed appetite for 1 day after vaccination. At 5 weeks of age, all calves were challenge exposed orally with 1.5 X 10(11) virulent S dublin strain SL1367 (O antigens 9,12). After challenge-exposure inoculum was given, 1 of 5 vaccinated calves died and 4 of the 5 nonvaccinated calves died (P less than 0.05). Thus, some cross serotype protection against S dublin was induced by parenteral vaccination of calves with aro- S typhimurium strain SL1479, although protection was not complete.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A retrospective study of hepatic abscesses in goats: pathological and microbiological findings.

Post-mortem examination of 658 goats showed that 17 (2.5%) exhibited hepatic abscesses. The following bacteria were isolated: Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (58.9%), Escherichia coli (11.8%), Corynebacterium sp. (11.8%), Pasteurella haemolytica (5.9%), Proteus sp. (5.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (5.9%). Hepatic abscesses occurred more frequently in adult animals. Eleven of the 17 goats (64.7%) were older than 12 months of age. Four goats (23.5%) were 12 months of age and only two (11.8%) were less than 1 year of age. All of the goats with hepatic abscesses were in poor nutritional condition and the abscesses were invariably associated with accompanying pathological disorders at other body sites.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anger and anxiety in borderline hypertension.

Psychologic studies of hypertension have usually focused on the relationship of anger and anxiety to clinic or laboratory blood pressure (BP). Yet, average blood pressure outside of the clinic has proven to be a more important predictor of hypertensive complications. In this study, we have isolated two groups of borderline hypertensives--one group that maintained high blood pressure outside of the clinic and another whose average BP returned to normal at home. All 33 subjects were given psychometric instruments for measuring various components of anger and anxiety: Spielberger's State-Trait Personality Inventory, the Anger Expression Scale, and the State Anger Reaction Scale. The high home BP group reported greater intensity of anger, although they suppressed their expression of anger to a greater extent. The groups did not differ in anxiety. Also, blood pressure variability was not different between the two groups. It is suggested that the psychologic differences found in the group of higher-risk borderline hypertensives may, through autonomic arousal, contribute to the later development of established hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular reactivity, emotional factors, and home blood pressures in black males with and without a parental history of hypertension.

Differences in cardiovascular responses to mental stress, psychological factors, and self-determined home blood pressure between black individuals with and without a family history of essential hypertension (EH) may suggest mechanisms responsible for the high incidence of EH in blacks. In this study, 12 black male students with a parental history of EH and 12 without a parental history of EH participated in a laboratory session during which two mental challenge tasks (anagrams and mental arithmetic) were presented. Following the laboratory session all subjects made daily recordings of their morning and evening blood pressure for four weeks (28 days) after the laboratory session. The results showed that sons of hypertensive parents had higher systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) than sons of normotensive parents at rest and during mental challenge; no reliable differences in heart rate were observed. Sons of hypertensive parents had higher self-determined home blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and scored significantly higher on psychological measures of Trait-Anger/Temperament, Anger-Out, and Submissiveness. Apparently there was no significant change in SBP or DBP over the four weeks prior to final examinations in either of the groups. Although the resting blood pressure level, weight, and family history predicted a large proportion of the variance in home SBP and DBP, the amount of explained variance, particularly for DBP, was significantly increased by the inclusion of psychological variables and the level of cardiovascular responses (and not the delta change) to mental challenge in the regression equation. These findings indicate that the degree to which self-determined home blood pressures can be predicted is enhanced significantly by considering both the level of cardiovascular responses to stress and psychological measures of the experience and expression of anger. The implications of these results are discussed in light of current research demonstrating that average home blood pressures are a better predictor of cardiac complications than casual (office) blood pressures.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular reactivity to stress in black male offspring of hypertensive parents.

The forearm blood flow (FABF) and other cardiovascular responses of 20 black men with a parental history of hypertension were compared with the responses of 18 black men without a parental history of hypertension. The results showed that sons of hypertensive parents had higher systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure than sons of normotensive parents during the initial assessment as well as significantly higher self-determined home SBP. Sons of hypertensive parents had higher SBP responses than sons of normotensive parents during mental challenge and the cold pressor, but there were no group differences in DBP, heart rate (HR), (FABF), or forearm vascular resistance (FAVR) responses to the stressors. Significant positive correlations between HR and FABF responses to the stressors were observed for sons of hypertensive parents. Finally, the results showed that the BP and FAVR responses to the cold pressor (a painful task that elicits alpha-adrenergic activity) were significantly higher than responses to mental challenge (a task that elicits beta-adrenergic activity) for both groups. The implications of these results are discussed in light of current research suggesting that blacks may have a greater tendency toward BP responses mediated by alpha-adrenergic increases in vascular resistance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A light and ultrastructural study of rice bodies recovered from a case of date thorn-induced extra-articular synovitis.

Rice bodies are most commonly found in inflammatory joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and have traditionally been considered to be a nonspecific response to inflammatory synovial disease. In the present study 18 rice bodies were found in the tibialis tendon sheath of a nine-year-old Omani boy subsequent to a date thorn injury. The rice bodies consisted of three major components: fibrin, collagen, and fibroblasts. In contrast to the findings of other authors there were no type A, B, or C synoviocytes, cartilage, or vascularisation of the rice body. At this extra-articulate site it would appear that rice bodies are composed chiefly of fibrin and that the fibrosis of the rice body occurs as a result of the entrapment of fibroblasts, which subsequently produce collagen. These findings shed doubt on the synovial origin of rice bodies and suggest that rice bodies may have multiple origins, depending on their location. This is the first ultrastructural study of rice bodies associated with a date thorn injury.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Breaking tradition.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journalism, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

African-American women who always use condoms: attitudes, knowledge about AIDS, and sexual behavior.

Given the alarming increase in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including AIDS, among African-American women, it is apparent that many people are engaging in sexual intercourse without using condoms. The current study examined the interrelationships among attitudes about condom use, knowledge about AIDS, sexual behavior, and drug use among 121 adult African-American women who varied in their intentions to use condoms: 21 (17%) were classified as Steady Users, 75 (62%) did not use condoms but they had High Intentions to, while 25 (21%) did not use condoms and had Low Intentions to use them. Results indicate that the three groups did not differ in their overall knowledge about AIDS or their attitudes toward using condoms as contraceptives. Significant group differences were noted for other scales that assessed attitudes about condoms. Attitudes about the use of condoms were very similar for the Steady Users and the women in the High Intentions group. However, these two groups were significantly (p < .01) different in their belief that condoms are uncomfortable and interrupt sex. Women with Low Intentions to use condoms had significantly (p < .05) more intense angry reactions regarding the negotiation of condom use and significantly more negative attitudes about the use of condoms than women in the other groups. The three groups were not differentiated by drug use, previous treatment for STDs, or their perceived risk for being exposed to AIDS. The present study is cross-sectional in nature and future research using better methodology is needed to establish causal relationships.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The sensitivity of detection of asbestos bodies in sputa and bronchial washings.

While asbestos bodies (ABs) in sputum and/or bronchial washings are highly specific markers for significant asbestos exposure, comparison of the sensitivity between sputum cytology and bronchial washing cytology for the detection of ABs had not been documented. Review of the files of the Cytopathology Laboratory, Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, for the period 1973 to 1984 identified 11 patients with slides available for review who (1) had been examined by both sputum cytology and bronchial washing cytology and (2) had at least one specimen positive for ABs. Of the 11 evaluable cases, all had ABs in the bronchial washings but ony 6 had ABs in the sputum. In addition, iron stain (e.g., the Prussian blue stain) was found to be more sensitive than the Papanicolaou stain for the detection of ABs in these cases. These findings indicate that iron-stained bronchial washing specimens should be preferred for the cytologic detection of asbestos exposure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alkaptonuria in a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis).

An eight year old wild caught Cynomolgus monkey was diagnosed as having alkaptonuria, a condition characterized by the passage of a normal-colored urine which darkens upon standing. The underlying cause is the congenital lack of homogentisic acid oxidase with subsequent passage of homogentisic acid in the urine. No other clinical manifestations, such as deposition of pigment in the skin or mucous membranes or development of an ochronitic arthritis, were observed in this animal.

Alkaptonuria↗