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Biomedical subjects

E Gross

Publications and source records attributed to E Gross.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Endoscopic pressure measurement in distal esophageal varices. A prospective study].

Portal pressure in distal oesophageal varices near the cardia was measured 71 times directly during endoscopy in 44 patients (average age: 52 years; 18 female and 26 male subjects) with confirmed diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension who had suffered from bleeding of oesophageal varices. No significant differences in portal pressure were seen on grouping the patients according to individual Child stages. However, a significant difference was found (P less than 0.01) on comparing the patients (n = 26) without recurrent bleeding (average follow-up period 10 months) with those who had an early (n = 5) and a late recurrent bleeding (n = 13). Although the number of cases was small a risk group for recurrent bleedings was defined at portal pressure values of 25 mm Hg and higher.

Blood Pressure Determination↗
PubMed1987

Effects of membrane physical parameters on hematoporphyrin-derivative binding to liposomes: a spectroscopic study.

Physical parameters of membrane bilayers were studied for their effect on the binding of hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd), which is used as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy of cancerous tissues. The purpose of this study was to clarify which parameters were relevant, under physiological conditions, to the selectivity of Hpd binding to cancer cells. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to measure the relative partitioning of the dye between the lipid and aqueous media. Increasing the microviscosity of the liposomes' membranes by various bilayer additives results in a strong reduction of Hpd binding, to an extent independent of the specific additive. The effect of temperature near the physiological value as well as the effect of cross membrane potential are small. Surface potential does not affect the binding constant, indicating that the binding species does not carry a net electric charge.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1987

[Post-transfusion hemolysis in premature infants. Apropos of 8 cases of post-transfusion hemolysis in premature infants].

Accidents related to blood transfusion have become rare in neonates, due to the application of very strict rules. The 8 reported cases of post-transfusion hemolysis occurred in prematures less than 32 weeks gestational age. Signs consisted of hemoglobinuria and/or severe jaundice. In some patients exchange-transfusion had to be performed. Immuno-hematologic, bacteriologic and technical investigations did not show the etiology of these accidents. No similar clinical reports were found in the literature. Some authors suggest a mechanical origin.

Erythroblastosis, Fetal↗
PubMed1987

The treatment of perforated diverticulitis by one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure.

The one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure prevents gastrointestinal secretions and fecal content from coming in contact with an anastomotic site without interrupting the intraluminal continuity of the fecal flow from proximal to distal colon. This can be achieved by the intraluminal implantation of a soft, pliable tube above the anastomotic site. Previous clinical and experimental data have indicated that the intracolonic bypass procedure can protect an anastomosis in the presence of maximal colonic loading, gross dehiscences, or fecal peritonitis. This report presents 28 patients with perforated diverticulitis, all of whom were treated by one-stage intracolonic bypass procedures. Ten of the 28 patients had peritonitis, and 18 had pericolic abscesses. Results indicate no deaths and no anastomotic leakages. Three patients (10.7%) had a complicated postoperative course. One patient with fecal peritonitis had prolonged ileus and a pulmonary effusion, and one had a myocardial infarction. Both of these patients responded to medical therapy. Another patient had a wound infection. The hospital stay ranged from 10 to 18 postoperative days. All patients passed the tubes spontaneously 2 to 3 weeks after operation. The one-stage intracolonic bypass procedure can be recommended as a viable alternative to the two- or three-stage procedures commonly used for perforated diverticulitis.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

Predictive assays for the therapy of rectum carcinoma.

Cytofluorometric DNA measurements showed that about 55% of rectum carcinoma (129 patients) had tumours with an abnormal DNA content (DNA aneuploidy). For patients with such a tumour the prognosis was worse than for patients with DNA diploid tumours. From the DNA histograms the number of S-phase cells was calculated. In tumours with the stage pT3, which disseminated to lymph nodes or metastasized, a higher number of S-phase cells was found than in tumours with the staging pT3N0M0. In all untreated tumours cells with micronuclei were found. This demonstrated cell loss. In most tumours this effect was considerable. The ratio:number of S-phase cells/number of cells with micronuclei may allow a rough estimate for cell turnover. In patients with a bad prognosis and in those patients who had a local recurrence after resection of the tumour this ratio was high. In 34 patients the parameters were measured before and after preoperative radiotherapy. In some tumours a rapid increase of S-phase cells occurred after irradiation, this effect might express repopulation. In these patients a local recurrence was frequently found. From the data obtained so far a prediction for local recurrences might be possible from the determination of nuclear protein bound SH-groups. The determination of micronuclei indicated that it can be used as a measure for radiation response in tumours. All parameters show a high variability between individual tumours. A further study is useful whether the measured parameters are suitable as predictors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Surgical treatment of rectal cancer].

Based on natural history, the localization, stage and grading of rectal carcinomas the abdomino-perineal excision is no longer the routine procedure. Over 50% of the patients should be suitable for a sphincter saving operation. Local excision is justified under certain circumstances. The morbidity and lethality of the operation have decreased considerably; the cure rate has not changed during the past decade. Future improvements may be expected from new adjuvant treatments, individualization of adjuvant therapy and more aggressive surgical therapy.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

[Mechanical compression anastomosis (AKA-2) of the colon and rectum. Results of a prospective clinical study].

Based on the highly superior mechanical and functional properties of an experimental sutureless anastomosis performed without any foreign material compared to conventional anastomosis we have introduced a sutureless compression anastomosis (AKA-2) to colorectal surgery and controlled the outcome prospectively. This type of anastomosis was employed in 30 patients with sigmoid and rectal resections for carcinomatous and inflammatory bowel disease. The first 3 patients and further 3 high-risk patients got a protective colostomy. The clinical outcome was uneventful in all patients but 2 with anastomotic fistula. Radiological controls showed no further fistula. The study revealed no negative side effects of the compression anastomosis but the procedure seems to provide considerable advantages by complete mechanical relief of the anastomosis and early epithelial covering of the anastomotic line.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[DNA measurements and prognosis of rectal cancer].

The DNA concentration of 104 rectum carcinoma biopsies was measured by impulse cytophotometry. About 45% of these tumors had diploid cell lines. The rest contained hyperploid cell lines, and these patients had a less favorable prognosis than patients with diploid tumors. Metastasizing diploid as well as hyperploid tumors showed often a higher concentration of S-phase cells than the average of all patients. Tumor cell lines assessed in metastases had in general the same DNA concentration as primary tumors. The rate of cells with micronuclei increased with the concentration of S-phase cells found in the tumors. In surviving patients, the ratio S-phase cells - cells with micronuclei was often higher than in patients who died.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of various sclerosing drugs on the rat esophagus].

The sclerosing effect of injections of ethoxysklerol, phenol-almondoil, and 10% NaCl-solution into the esophageal walls of 64 wistar-rats was histologically investigated after 2 days, 1 week, 3 weeks, and 4 months. Inflammatory reaction and subsequent sclerosis were of the same kind with all substances. Nevertheless ethoxysklerol showed a slight dependence on concentration. Injection of phenol-almondoil resulted in a less diffuse inflammation than the aqueous solutions. But after 4 months all cases exhibited the same patchy sclerosis despite of the solution used. Our findings and those of the literature allow the conclusion that the sclerosing effect is less dependent from the inflammation-inducing substance itself but from its concentration and localization.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Smoking, allergy, and the differential white blood cell count.

Dutch workers have proposed that people with asthma and those smokers who develop chronic airflow obstruction share a common allergic constitution. To study whether smoking itself is associated with indicators of allergy, we have examined 237 men aged 51-61 years (120 smokers, 73 ex-smokers, and 44 non-smokers) who were recruited to a long term study of lung function in 1974, at which time men with a clinical diagnosis of asthma were excluded. Smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers did not differ in personal or family history of allergic disease, but the prevalence of positive responses to skinprick tests was greater in ex-smokers (59%) than in the other two groups (33% and 34%). In men with negative responses to skinprick tests total serum IgE was greater in smokers (log10 mean 1.41 IU/ml) and in ex-smokers (log10 mean 1.53 IU/ml) than in non-smokers (log10 mean 1.12 IU/ml). In men with positive skin test responses serum IgE was similar in the three groups (log10 mean ranging from 1.68 to 1.78 IU/ml). Geometric mean total white cell counts in the peripheral blood were higher in smokers (7.34 X 10(9)/l) than in non-smokers (5.82 X 10(9)/l); the value in ex-smokers (6.16 X 10(9)/l) was intermediate. Absolute blood eosinophil counts were increased in smokers disproportionately to the increase in total white cell count. Thus smoking is associated with small increases in some markers of allergy. These changes are probably acquired after the onset of smoking but sequential studies are required to amplify these cross sectional observations. Smokers whose skin test responses are positive appear more likely to give up smoking.

Adult↗